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Ammonia N13

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31 FDA Orange Book

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Also known as: Ammonia n 13, Ammonia-(sup 13)n, ((sup 13)n)ammonia, Ammonia n13, 34819-78-8, Ammonia, n-13

Molecular Formula

H₃N

Molecular Weight

16.030 g/mol

InChI Key

QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-BJUDXGSMSA-N

FDA UNII

9OQO0E343Z

Ammonia N-13 is a radiopharmaceutical composed of ammonia labeled with the radioisotope nitrogen N 13 that can be used, during positron emission tomography (PET), as a blood flow imaging agent and potentially as a tumor imaging agent. Upon intravenous administration, ammonia N 13 distributes to various organs in the body, such as the myocardium, liver, kidneys and brain. This agent is taken up by cells and is retained following conversion to glutamine N 13 by glutamine synthetase (GS). Upon PET, organ perfusion and the presence of cancer cells can be assessed. GS, an enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of glutamine from glutamate and ammonia, is overexpressed in a variety of cancers and plays a key role in cancer cell proliferation.

Ammonia n-13 is a Radioactive Diagnostic Agent. The mechanism of action of ammonia n-13 is as a Radiopharmaceutical Activity.

1 2D Structure

Ammonia N13

2 Identification

2.1 Computed Descriptors

2.1.1 IUPAC Name

azane

2.1.2 InChI

InChI=1S/H3N/h1H3/i1-1

2.1.3 InChI Key

QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-BJUDXGSMSA-N

2.1.4 Canonical SMILES

2.1.5 Isomeric SMILES

[13NH3]

2.2 Other Identifiers

2.2.1 UNII

9OQO0E343Z

2.3 Synonyms

2.3.1 Depositor-Supplied Synonyms

1. Ammonia N 13

2. Ammonia-(sup 13)n

3. ((sup 13)n)ammonia

4. Ammonia N13

5. 34819-78-8

6. Ammonia, N-13

7. 9oqo0e343z

8. (13n)ammonia

9. [13n]ammonia

10. 13n-ammonia

11. N-13 Ammonia

12. Ammonia N 13 Injection

13. Ammonia N 13 [usan]

14. Unii-9oqo0e343z

15. Ammonia N 13 [usan:usp]

16. Ammonia-13n

17. Nitrogen, Isotope Of Mass 13, At.

18. Ammonia-(13)n

19. Ammonia (13n)

20. Ammonia ((13)n)

21. Ammonia N 13 (tn)

22. Ammonia N 13 (usp)

23. Chembl1201189

24. Chebi:135980

25. 13nh3

26. Dtxsid601027603

27. Moli001000

28. Moli001060

29. [13n]nh3

30. Ammonia (13n) [who-dd]

31. Ammonia N-13 [orange Book]

32. Ammonia N 13 [usp Impurity]

33. (13)nh3

34. Ammonia, N-13 [orange Book]

35. Db09326

36. H3[(13)n]

37. D02915

38. Q27098001

2.4 Create Date

2005-03-27

3 Chemical and Physical Properties

Molecular Formula	H₃N
Molecular Weight	16.030 g/mol
XLogP3	-0.7
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	1
Rotatable Bond Count	0
Exact Mass	16.029214 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass	16.029214 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area	1 Å²
Heavy Atom Count	1
Formal Charge	0
Complexity	0
Isotope Atom Count	1
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count	0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count	0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count	0
Covalently Bonded Unit Count	1

4 Drug and Medication Information

4.1 Drug Information

1 of 2
Drug Name	Ammonia n 13
Active Ingredient	Ammonia n-13
Dosage Form	Injectable
Route	Intravenous
Strength	30mci-300mci/8ml (3.75-37.5mci/ml); 3.75-260mci/ml
Market Status	Prescription
Company	Ucsf Rodiopharm; Feinstein; Johns Hopkins Univ; Ucla Biomedical; Cardinal Health 414; Wa Univ Sch Med; Shertech Labs; Univ Tx Md Anderson; Houston Cyclotron; Mcprf; Kreitchman Pet Ctr

2 of 2
Drug Name	Ammonia n 13
Active Ingredient	Ammonia n-13
Dosage Form	Injectable
Route	Intravenous
Strength	30mci-300mci/8ml (3.75-37.5mci/ml); 3.75-260mci/ml
Market Status	Prescription
Company	Ucsf Rodiopharm; Feinstein; Johns Hopkins Univ; Ucla Biomedical; Cardinal Health 414; Wa Univ Sch Med; Shertech Labs; Univ Tx Md Anderson; Houston Cyclotron; Mcprf; Kreitchman Pet Ctr

4.2 Drug Indication

For diagnostic Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging of the myocardium under rest or pharmacologic stress conditions to evaluate myocardial perfusion in patients with suspected or existing coronary artery disease.

FDA Label

5 Pharmacology and Biochemistry

5.1 Pharmacology

Following intravenous injection, ammonia N 13 enters the myocardium through the coronary arteries. The PET technique measures myocardial blood flow based on the assumption of a three-compartmental disposition of intravenous ammonia N 13 in the myocardium. In this model, the value of the rate constant, which represents the delivery of blood to myocardium, and the fraction of ammonia N 13 extracted into the myocardial cells, is a measure of myocardial blood flow. Optimal PET imaging of the myocardium is generally achieved between 10 to 20 minutes after administration.

5.2 FDA Pharmacological Classification

5.2.1 Active Moiety

AMMONIA N-13

5.2.2 FDA UNII

9OQO0E343Z

5.2.3 Pharmacological Classes

Radiopharmaceutical Activity [MoA]; Radioactive Diagnostic Agent [EPC]

5.3 ATC Code

V - Various

V09 - Diagnostic radiopharmaceuticals

V09G - Cardiovascular system

V09GX - Other cardiovascular system diagnostic radiopharmaceuticals

V09GX05 - Ammonia (13N)

5.4 Absorption, Distribution and Excretion

Absorption

Following intravenous injection, 13N-ammonia is cleared rapidly from the blood with a biologic half-life of about 2.84 minutes (effective half-life of about 2.2 minutes). In the myocardium, its biologic half-life has been estimated to be less than 2 minutes (effective half-life less than 1.67 minutes).

Route of Elimination

Urinary excretion mainly as urea N 13.

Volume of Distribution

0.8 ml/g.

Clearance

The radioactivity cleared from the blood very rapidly with 85% clearance in the first minute.

5.5 Metabolism/Metabolites

Ammonia N 13 undergoes a five-enzyme step metabolism in the liver to yield urea N 13 (the main circulating metabolite). It is also metabolized to glutamine N 13 (the main metabolite in tissues) by glutamine synthesis in the skeletal muscles, liver, brain, myocardium, and other organs. Other metabolites of ammonia N 13 include small amounts of N 13 amino acid anions (acidic amino acids) in the forms of glutamate N 13 or aspartate N 13.

5.6 Biological Half-Life

2.84 minutes.

5.7 Mechanism of Action

Ammonia N 13 Injection is a radiolabeled analog of ammonia that is distributed to all organs of the body after intravenous administration. It is extracted from the blood in the coronary capillaries into the myocardial cells where it is metabolized to glutamine N 13 and retained in the cells. The presence of ammonia N 13 and glutamine N 13 in the myocardium allows for PET imaging of the myocardium.

FDF Dossiers