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1. Acid, Ascorbic
2. Acid, L-ascorbic
3. Ascorbate, Ferrous
4. Ascorbate, Magnesium
5. Ascorbate, Sodium
6. Ascorbic Acid, Monosodium Salt
7. Di-l-ascorbate, Magnesium
8. Ferrous Ascorbate
9. Hybrin
10. L Ascorbic Acid
11. L-ascorbic Acid
12. Magnesium Ascorbate
13. Magnesium Ascorbicum
14. Magnesium Di L Ascorbate
15. Magnesium Di-l-ascorbate
16. Magnorbin
17. Sodium Ascorbate
18. Vitamin C
1. L-ascorbic Acid
2. Vitamin C
3. 50-81-7
4. L-ascorbate
5. L(+)-ascorbic Acid
6. Ascorbate
7. Ascoltin
8. Ascorbicap
9. Cevitamic Acid
10. Cenolate
11. Natrascorb
12. Hybrin
13. Allercorb
14. Ascorbajen
15. Ascorbutina
16. Ascorteal
17. Cescorbat
18. Cetemican
19. Cevitamin
20. Citriscorb
21. Laroscorbine
22. Lemascorb
23. Proscorbin
24. Roscorbic
25. Secorbate
26. Testascorbic
27. Vitacimin
28. Vitamisin
29. Vitascorbol
30. Ascorin
31. Ascorvit
32. Cantaxin
33. Cebicure
34. Cebione
35. Cegiolan
36. Ceglion
37. Celaskon
38. Cemagyl
39. Cenetone
40. Cergona
41. Cetamid
42. Cevatine
43. Cevimin
44. Cevital
45. Cevitan
46. Cevitex
47. Colascor
48. Concemin
49. Redoxon
50. Vicelat
51. Viforcit
52. Viscorin
53. Vitacee
54. Vitacin
55. Adenex
56. Ascorb
57. Cantan
58. Cebid
59. Cebion
60. Cecon
61. Cemill
62. Cereon
63. Cevex
64. Ciamin
65. Cipca
66. Hicee
67. Ribena
68. Vitace
69. Xitix
70. Davitamon C
71. Arco-cee
72. Planavit C
73. Catavin C
74. Ce Lent
75. Liqui-cee
76. Vicomin C
77. Cee-vite
78. Cevi-bid
79. Scorbu-c
80. C-level
81. C-vimin
82. Cetane-caps Td
83. Duoscorb
84. Scorbacid
85. Cewin
86. Antiscorbic Vitamin
87. C-long
88. C-quin
89. C-span
90. Meri-c
91. Cee-caps Td
92. L-lyxoascorbic Acid
93. L-xyloascorbic Acid
94. Cevalin
95. Antiscorbutic Vitamin
96. Cetane-caps Tc
97. 3-oxo-l-gulofuranolactone
98. 3-keto-l-gulofuranolactone
99. Ce-mi-lin
100. Ido-c
101. Natrascorb Injectable
102. Acidum Ascorbicum
103. L-(+)-ascorbic Acid
104. Ce-vi-sol
105. Ferrous Ascorbate
106. Acidum Ascorbinicum
107. Ascor-b.i.d.
108. (r)-5-((s)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl)-3,4-dihydroxyfuran-2(5h)-one
109. Celin
110. Dora-c-500
111. Kyselina Askorbova
112. Cortalex
113. Ferancee
114. Stuartinic
115. Tolfrinic
116. Acido Ascorbico
117. L-threoascorbic Acid
118. Acide Ascorbique
119. L-3-ketothreohexuronic Acid Lactone
120. Chromagen
121. Kyselina Askorbova [czech]
122. Caswell No. 061b
123. Fema No. 2109
124. Acide Ascorbique [inn-french]
125. Acido Ascorbico [inn-spanish]
126. Acidum Ascorbicum [inn-latin]
127. Sodascorbate
128. Ascorbicin
129. Nci-c54808
130. L-threo-hex-2-enonic Acid, Gamma-lactone
131. L-threo-ascorbic Acid
132. 3-oxo-l-gulofuranolactone (enol Form)
133. Ascor
134. Ascorbicum Acidum
135. Ascorbic Acid, L-
136. Cetebe
137. Ascorbin
138. (+)-ascorbic Acid
139. Hex-2-enonic Acid Gamma-lactone, L-threo-
140. Mfcd00064328
141. Iron(ii) Ascorbate
142. Pq6ck8pd0r
143. Component Of E And C-level
144. Component Of Endoglobin Forte
145. Vitamin C (as Ascorbic Acid)
146. Vasc
147. Ins No.300
148. Ascorbicab
149. E-300
150. Chebi:29073
151. Ins-300
152. Ccris 57
153. Nsc-33832
154. Component Of Cortalex
155. Component Of Ferancee
156. Hsdb 818
157. Nsc-218455
158. 6730-29-6
159. Antiscorbutic Factor
160. Ncgc00164357-01
161. E300
162. Ester-c
163. (2r)-2-[(1s)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-3,4-dihydroxy-2h-furan-5-one
164. (5r)-5-[(1s)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-3,4-dihydroxyfuran-2(5h)-one
165. Dsstox_cid_106
166. Hex-1-enofuranos-3-ulose
167. (5r)-5-[(1s)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-3,4-dihydroxy-2,5-dihydrofuran-2-one
168. Iron-ascorbic Acid Complexes
169. L-ascorbic Acid 1000 Microg/ml In Acetonitrile
170. Dsstox_rid_75370
171. Dsstox_gsid_20106
172. Kangbingfeng
173. Chewcee
174. Citrovit
175. Juvamine
176. Ceklin
177. Rovimix C
178. Scorbu C
179. Ascorbinsaeure
180. Parentrovite
181. Cell C
182. Viscorin 100m
183. Ronotec 100
184. Suncoat Vc 40
185. Rontex 100
186. Ascorbicap (tn)
187. Xyloascorbic Acid, L-
188. Ascoltin (tn)
189. [14c]ascorbic Acid
190. Ascorbic Acid [ban:inn:jan]
191. Vitamin C (ascorbic Acid)
192. [14c]-ascorbic Acid
193. Ascorbic Acid (vit C)
194. L-ascorbic Acid, Meets Usp Testing Specifications
195. 2-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)-4,5-dihydroxyfuran-3-one
196. Einecs 200-066-2
197. Unii-pq6ck8pd0r
198. Nsc 33832
199. Cevitamate
200. L-lyxoascorbate
201. L-xyloascorbate
202. .ascorbinsaure
203. (5r)-5-((1s)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl)-3,4-dihydroxyfuran-2(5h)-one
204. Vitamin B Mixture With Vitamin C
205. 3eka
206. Ester C
207. (+)-ascorbate
208. L(+)-ascorbate
209. L-threo-hex-2-enono-1,4-lactone
210. L-ascorbic Acid, Free Radical Form
211. L-(+)-ascorbate
212. Ascorbic Acid [usp:inn:ban:jan]
213. Ascorbic Acid Mixture With Vitamin B
214. Vitamin C,(s)
215. E 300
216. Ascorbic Acid Dc97sf
217. (2r)-2-[(1s)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-4,5-dihydroxyfuran-3-one
218. Prestwick3_000325
219. L-ascorbic Acid, 99%
220. Ascorbic Acid Mixture With Vitamin B Complex
221. Ascor (tn)
222. Schembl785
223. Bmse000182
224. Vitamin C [vandf]
225. Ascorbic Acid [ii]
226. Ascorbic Acid [mi]
227. Schembl4430
228. Ascorbic Acid [fcc]
229. Ascorbic Acid [inn]
230. Ascorbic Acid [jan]
231. L-ascorbic Acid, Fcc, Fg
232. L-ascorbic Acid, Free Acid
233. Ascorbic Acid [fhfi]
234. Ascorbic Acid [hsdb]
235. Ascorbic Acid [inci]
236. Bspbio_000329
237. (r)-5-(1,2-dihydroxy-ethyl)-3,4-dihydroxy-5h-furan-2-one
238. Mls002153776
239. Ascorbic Acid [vandf]
240. Chembl40274
241. L-ascorbic Acid, Cell Culture
242. Ascorbic Acid [mart.]
243. Bpbio1_000363
244. Gtpl4532
245. Gtpl4781
246. L-ascorbic Acid, Reagent Grade
247. Ascorbic Acid [usp-rs]
248. Ascorbic Acid [who-dd]
249. Ascorbic Acid [who-ip]
250. Dtxsid5020106
251. L-ascorbic Acid, >=99.0%
252. Dtxsid50986567
253. Ascorbic Acid (jp17/usp/inn)
254. Hms2096a11
255. Hms2231n16
256. Hms3713a11
257. L-ascorbic Acid Acs Reagent Grade
258. (2r)-2-[(1s)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-4,5-dihydroxy-furan-3-one
259. Ascorbic Acid [orange Book]
260. Bcp27915
261. Hy-b0166
262. Tox21_110315
263. Tox21_112104
264. Tox21_202127
265. Tox21_302958
266. Ascorbic Acid [ep Monograph]
267. Gamma-lactone L-threo-hex-2-enonate
268. L-ascorbic Acid, Analytical Standard
269. L-ascorbic Acid, Ar, >=99.5%
270. S3114
271. Ascorbic Acid [usp Monograph]
272. Akos016843589
273. Tox21_112104_1
274. Zinc100006770
275. Zinc100019304
276. Ccg-207946
277. Db00126
278. L-ascorbic Acid, Mixt. With Vitamin B
279. Nsc 218455
280. Acidum Ascorbicum [who-ip Latin]
281. Gamma-lactone L-threo-hex-2-enonic Acid
282. L-ascorbic Acid, Acs Reagent, >=99%
283. Ncgc00091517-01
284. Ncgc00091517-02
285. Ncgc00091517-03
286. Ncgc00091517-06
287. Ncgc00188972-01
288. Ncgc00256504-01
289. Ncgc00259676-01
290. 53262-66-1
291. Bp-12831
292. Smr001233160
293. L-ascorbic Acid, Plant Cell Culture Tested
294. L-ascorbic Acid, Reagent Grade, Crystalline
295. A0537
296. A8158
297. Ab00376923
298. Ascorbic Acid (l-ascorbic Acid; Vitamin C)
299. Sw198791-2
300. L-ascorbic Acid, Bioultra, >=99.5% (rt)
301. L-ascorbic Acid, Tested According To Ph.eur.
302. C 1000
303. C00072
304. D00018
305. E80759
306. L-ascorbic Acid, P.a., Acs Reagent, 99.0%
307. 2,3-dehydro-l-threo-hexono-1,4-lactone
308. Ab00376923_04
309. Ab00376923_05
310. L-ascorbic Acid, Jis Special Grade, >=99.0%
311. L-ascorbic Acid, Vetec(tm) Reagent Grade, 99%
312. L-ascorbic Acid, Bioxtra, >=99.0%, Crystalline
313. Q199678
314. L-ascorbic Acid, Puriss. P.a., >=99.0% (rt)
315. Q27101942
316. 47a605f0-4187-47a8-b0ce-f9e7da1b0076
317. L-ascorbic Acid, P.a., Acs Reagent, Reag. Iso, 99.7%
318. Ascorbic Acid, British Pharmacopoeia (bp) Reference Standard
319. Ascorbic Acid, European Pharmacopoeia (ep) Reference Standard
320. L-ascorbic Acid, Certified Reference Material, Tracecert(r)
321. L-ascorbic Acid, Powder, Cell Culture Tested, Gamma-irradiated
322. 3,4-dihydroxy-5beta-[(s)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]furan-2(5h)-one
323. Ascorbic Acid, United States Pharmacopeia (usp) Reference Standard
324. (2r)-2-[(1s)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-4,5-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydrofuran-3-one
325. 4-((e)-2-[(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfanyl]diazenyl)benzenecarboxylicacid
326. (5r)-5-[(1s)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-3,4-dihydroxyfuran-2(5h)-one (non-preferred Name)
327. L-ascorbic Acid Solution, 1.0 Mg/ml In Acetonitrile: Water, Certified Reference Material
328. L-ascorbic Acid, Anhydrous, Free-flowing, Redi-dri(tm), Acs Reagent, >=99%
329. L-ascorbic Acid, Suitable For Cell Culture, Suitable For Plant Cell Culture, >=98%
330. L-ascorbic Acid (vitamin C)-13c6 Solution, 500 Mug/ml In Acetonitrile: Water, Certified Reference Material, Ampule Of 1 Ml
331. L-ascorbic Acid, Puriss. P.a., Acs Reagent, Reag. Iso, Reag. Ph. Eur., 99.7-100.5% (oxidimetric)
332. Valeryl Fentanyl Hydrochloride Solution, 100 Mug/ml In Methanol (as A Free Base), Certified Reference Material, Ampule Of 0.5 Ml
| Molecular Weight | 176.12 g/mol |
|---|---|
| Molecular Formula | C6H8O6 |
| XLogP3 | -1.6 |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | 4 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | 6 |
| Rotatable Bond Count | 2 |
| Exact Mass | 176.03208797 g/mol |
| Monoisotopic Mass | 176.03208797 g/mol |
| Topological Polar Surface Area | 107 Ų |
| Heavy Atom Count | 12 |
| Formal Charge | 0 |
| Complexity | 232 |
| Isotope Atom Count | 0 |
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count | 2 |
| Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Defined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Covalently Bonded Unit Count | 1 |
Antioxidants; Free Radical Scavengers
National Library of Medicine's Medical Subject Headings online file (MeSH, 1999)
Prophylaxis and treatment of scurvy
Gilman, A. G., L. S. Goodman, and A. Gilman. (eds.). Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 6th ed. New York: Macmillan Publishing Co., Inc. 1980., p. 1579
Ascorbic acid 100 to 200 mg daily may be given with desferrioxamine in the treatment of patients with thalassemia, to improve the chelating action of desferrioxamine, thereby increasing the excretion of iron.
Sweetman SC (ed), Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference. London: Pharmaceutical Press (2009), p.1985.
In iron deficiency states ascorbic acid may increase gastrointestinal iron absorption and ascorbic acid or ascorbate salts are therefore included in some oral iron preparations.
Sweetman SC (ed), Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference. London: Pharmaceutical Press (2009), p.1985.
For more Therapeutic Uses (Complete) data for L-Ascorbic Acid (30 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
Large doses are reported to cause diarrhea and other gastrointestinal disturbances. It has also been stated that large doses may result in hyperoxaluria and the formation of renal calcium oxalate calculi, and ascorbic acid should therefore be given with care to patients with hyperoxaluria. Tolerance may be induced with prolonged use of large doses, resulting in symptoms of deficiency when intake is reduced to normal. Prolonged or excessive use of chewable vitamin C preparations may cause erosion of tooth enamel.
Sweetman SC (ed), Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference. London: Pharmaceutical Press (2009), p.1984.
Large doses of ascorbic acid have resulted in hemolysis in patients with G6PD deficiency.
Sweetman SC (ed), Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference. London: Pharmaceutical Press (2009), p.1984.
Vitamin C intakes of 250 mg/day or higher have been associated with false-negative results for detecting stool and gastric occult blood. Therefore, high dose vitamin C supplements should be discontinued at least two weeks before physical exams to avoid interference with blood and urine tests.
Otten JJ, Hellwig JP, Meyers LD, eds; Dietary Reference Intakes: The Essential Guide to Nutrient Requirements, Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2006, p.208
Supplemental vitamin C may reduce the effectiveness of cancer chemotherapy, and its effectiveness in reducing risk from cancer and related death is unclear.
PDR Network, LLC. PDR for Nonprescription Drugs, Dietary Supplements, and Herbs. 31st Ed. PDR Network, LLC, Montvale, NJ. 2010 p. 603
For more Drug Warnings (Complete) data for L-Ascorbic Acid (25 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
1(?) = Practically non-toxic: probable oral lethal dose (human) above 15 g/kg, more than 1 qt for 70 kg person (150 lb). Human poisonings are unknown and even reliable estimates of lethal dose in animals are rare.
Gosselin, R.E., R.P. Smith, H.C. Hodge. Clinical Toxicology of Commercial Products. 5th ed. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins, 1984., p. II-266
Used to treat vitamin C deficiency, scurvy, delayed wound and bone healing, urine acidification, and in general as an antioxidant. It has also been suggested to be an effective antiviral agent.
Ascorbic Acid (vitamin C) is a water-soluble vitamin indicated for the prevention and treatment of scurvy, as ascorbic acid deficiency results in scurvy. Collagenous structures are primarily affected, and lesions develop in bones and blood vessels. Administration of ascorbic acid completely reverses the symptoms of ascorbic acid deficiency.
Antioxidants
Naturally occurring or synthetic substances that inhibit or retard oxidation reactions. They counteract the damaging effects of oxidation in animal tissues. (See all compounds classified as Antioxidants.)
Vitamins
Organic substances that are required in small amounts for maintenance and growth, but which cannot be manufactured by the human body. (See all compounds classified as Vitamins.)
A - Alimentary tract and metabolism
A11 - Vitamins
A11G - Ascorbic acid (vitamin c), incl. combinations
A11GA - Ascorbic acid (vitamin c), plain
A11GA01 - Ascorbic acid (vit C)
B - Blood and blood forming organs
B03 - Antianemic preparations
B03A - Iron preparations
B03AA - Iron bivalent, oral preparations
B03AA10 - Ferrous ascorbate
G - Genito urinary system and sex hormones
G01 - Gynecological antiinfectives and antiseptics
G01A - Antiinfectives and antiseptics, excl. combinations with corticosteroids
G01AD - Organic acids
G01AD03 - Ascorbic acid
S - Sensory organs
S01 - Ophthalmologicals
S01X - Other ophthalmologicals
S01XA - Other ophthalmologicals
S01XA15 - Ascorbic acid
Absorption
70% to 90%
Ascorbic acid is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and is widely distributed in the body tissues. Plasma concentrations of ascorbic acid rise as the dose ingested is increased until a plateau is reached with doses of about 90 to 150 mg daily. Body stores of ascorbic acid in health are about 1.5 g although more may be stored at intakes above 200 mg daily. The concentration is higher in leucocytes and platelets than in erythrocytes and plasma. In deficiency states the concentration in leucocytes declines later and at a slower rate, and has been considered to be a better criterion for the evaluation of deficiency than the concentration in plasma.
Sweetman SC (ed), Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference. London: Pharmaceutical Press (2009), p.1984.
Ascorbic acid is reversibly oxidized to dehydroascorbic acid; some is metabolized to ascorbate-2-sulfate, which is inactive, and oxalic acid which are excreted in the urine. Ascorbic acid in excess of the body's needs is also rapidly eliminated unchanged in the urine; this generally occurs with intakes exceeding 100 mg daily.
Sweetman SC (ed), Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference. London: Pharmaceutical Press (2009), p.1984.
Ascorbic acid crosses the placenta and is distributed into breast milk. It is removed by hemodialysis.
Sweetman SC (ed), Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference. London: Pharmaceutical Press (2009), p.1984.
The renal threshold for ascorbic acid is approx 14 ug/mL, but this level varies among individuals. When the body is saturated with ascorbic acid and blood concentrations exceed the threshold, unchanged ascorbic acid is excreted in the urine. When tissue saturation and blood concentrations of ascorbic acid are low, administration of the vitamin results in little or no urinary excretion of ascorbic acid. Inactive metabolites of ascorbic acid such as ascorbic acid-2-sulfate and oxalic acid are excreted in the urine ... Ascorbic acid is also excreted in the bile but there is no evidence for enterohepatic circulation ...
IPCS; Poisons Information Monograph 046: Ascorbic acid (2006). Available from, as of March 9, 2010: https://www.inchem.org/pages/pims.html
For more Absorption, Distribution and Excretion (Complete) data for L-Ascorbic Acid (29 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
Hepatic. Ascorbic acid is reversibly oxidised (by removal of the hydrogen from the enediol group of ascorbic acid) to dehydroascorbic acid. The two forms found in body fluids are physiologically active. Some ascorbic acid is metabolized to inactive compounds including ascorbic acid-2-sulfate and oxalic acid.
Ascorbic acid-2-sulfate has ... been identified as metabolite of Vitamin C in human urine.
Gilman, A.G., T.W. Rall, A.S. Nies and P. Taylor (eds.). Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 8th ed. New York, NY. Pergamon Press, 1990., p. 1548
Ascorbate is oxidized to CO2 in rats and guinea pigs, but considerably less conversion can be detected in man. One route of metabolism of the vitamin in man involves its conversion to oxalate and eventual excretion in the urine; dehydroascorbate is presumably an intermediate.
Gilman, A.G., T.W. Rall, A.S. Nies and P. Taylor (eds.). Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 8th ed. New York, NY. Pergamon Press, 1990., p. 1548
... Young male guinea pigs /were fed/ diets containing either 2 g/kg (18 control animals) or 86 g/kg (29 treatment animals) of ascorbic acid for 275 days. The average weight gain was significantly higher in the control group. Eight control and eight treatment animals, chosen to maintain comparable weights between the groups, were then given a totally deficient ascorbic acid diet 24 hr before a metabolic study was initiated. In the metabolic study, (14)C-labeled L-ascorbic acid (628 g) was then injected intraperitoneally into both treatment and control guinea pigs to study the catabolism and excretion of the ascorbic acid. Catabolism of the labeled ascorbic acid to respiratory (14)CO2 was increased in treatment guinea pigs. The control and treatment animals were then divided into two groups. One group received 3 mg/kg ascorbic acid (chronic deficiency) for 68 days. The other received a diet devoid of ascorbic acid (acute deficiency) for 44 days. Four control and three treatment animals from the chronic deficiency group and three control and four treatment animals from the acute deficiency group were given a totally deficient ascorbic acid diet 24 hr before a second metabolic study was initiated. (14)C-labeled L-ascorbic acid (628 g) was injected intraperitoneally as above. Treatment animals in the chronic deficiency and the acute deficiency groups had increased catabolism of the labeled ascorbic acid to respiratory (14)CO2 compared to control animals in the chronic and acute deficiency groups. The amount of radioactivity recovered in the urine and feces was similar for both groups except for an increased urinary excretion of the label in treated animals exposed to the totally deficient diet. The treatment animals maintained higher tissue stores of ascorbic acid than the control animals. However, this difference was significant only in the testes. When subjected to a totally deficient diet the treatment animals were depleted of ascorbic acid at a faster rate than the control animals. The accelerated catabolism was not reversible by subnormal intakes of the vitamin ...
Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel; Int J Toxicol 24 (Suppl 2): 51-111 (2005).
... Hartley guinea pigs approximately 30 days pregnant /were divided/ into a control group receiving 25 mg ascorbic acid and a treated group receiving 300 mg/kg/day ascorbic acid daily. All animals were fed a 0.05% ascorbic acid diet. The groups were maintained for 10 days on their respective diets. Pups (both sexes) were randomly chosen on either day 5 or day 10 for the metabolic study. L-l-(14)C-Ascorbic Acid (10 uCi/mM) was injected intraperitoneally into the pups and they were placed in a metabolic chamber for five hours to collect expired (14)CO2. From day 11 all pups were caged individually and weaned to a diet containing only traces of ascorbic acid. Every third day the animals were examined for physical signs of scurvy. Once signs appeared, the animals were examined daily until death. Necropsies were performed on all animals. Pups from the treated group demonstrated a marked increase in (14)CO2 excretion following the intraperitoneal injection. Signs of scurvy appeared 4 days earlier in the treated group and mortality of the treated pups occurred approximately one week earlier. When excretion of labeled CO2 in both groups was correlated with the day of onset of scurvy signs, a linear correlation was found between the two parameters, suggesting that the earlier appearance of signs of scurvy on the experimental pups is secondary to an increased rate of ascorbic acid catabolism ...
Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel; Int J Toxicol 24 (Suppl 2): 51-111 (2005).
For more Metabolism/Metabolites (Complete) data for L-Ascorbic Acid (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
Ascorbic acid has known human metabolites that include Ascorbic acid-2-sulfate.
S73 | METXBIODB | Metabolite Reaction Database from BioTransformer | DOI:10.5281/zenodo.4056560
16 days (3.4 hours in people who have excess levels of vitamin C)
The plasma half-life is reported to be 16 days in humans. This is different in people who have excess levels of vitamin C where the half-life is 3.4 hours
IPCS; Poisons Information Monograph 046: Ascorbic acid (2006). Available from, as of March 9, 2010: https://www.inchem.org/pages/pims.html
Vitamin C has a 96 hr half-life in guinea pigs.
Rossoff, I.S. Handbook of Veterinary Drugs. New York: Springer Publishing Company, 1974., p. 651
Due to homeostatic regulation, the biological half-life of ascorbate varies widely from 8 to 40 days and is inversely related to the ascorbate body pool.
NAS, Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine; Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Selenium, and Carotenoids. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C., pg. 100, 2000. Available from, as of March 4, 2010: https://www.nap.edu/catalog/9810.html
In humans, an exogenous source of ascorbic acid is required for collagen formation and tissue repair by acting as a cofactor in the posttranslational formation of 4-hydroxyproline in -Xaa-Pro-Gly- sequences in collagens and other proteins. Ascorbic acid is reversibly oxidized to dehydroascorbic acid in the body. These two forms of the vitamin are believed to be important in oxidation-reduction reactions. The vitamin is involved in tyrosine metabolism, conversion of folic acid to folinic acid, carbohydrate metabolism, synthesis of lipids and proteins, iron metabolism, resistance to infections, and cellular respiration.
Ascorbic Acid reducing potential and conversion to AFR (ascorbate free radical) are key to its biological activity, including its free radical scavenging and its relationship to the oxidation of transition metals such as iron and copper at enzyme active sites and in food.
Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel; Int J Toxicol 24 (Suppl 2): 51-111 (2005).
Vitamin C is known to be an electron donor for eight human enzymes. Three participate in collagen hydroxylation; two in carnitine biosynthesis; and three in hormone and amino acid biosynthesis. The three enzymes that participate in hormone and amino acid biosynthesis are dopamine-beta-hydroxylase, necessary for the biosynthesis of the catecholamines norepinephrine and epinephrine; peptidyl-glycine monooxygenase, necessary for amidation of peptide hormones; and 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvatedioxygenase, involved in tyrosine metabolism. Ascorbate's action with these enzymes involves either monooxygenase or dioxygenase activities.
NAS, Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine; Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Selenium, and Carotenoids. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C., pg. 96-97, 2000. Available from, as of March 4, 2010: https://www.nap.edu/catalog/9810.html
As a cofactor for hydroxylase and oxygenase metalloenzymes, ascorbic acid is believed to work by reducing the active metal site, resulting in reactivation of the metal-enzyme complex, or by acting as a co-substrate involved in the reduction of molecular oxygen. The best known of these reactions is the posttranslational hydroxylation of peptide-bound proline and lysine residues during formation of mature collagen. In these reactions, ascorbate is believed to reactivate the enzymes by reducing the metal sites of prolyl (iron) and lysyl (copper) hydroxylases.
NAS, Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine; Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Selenium, and Carotenoids. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C., pg. 97-98, 2000. Available from, as of March 4, 2010: https://www.nap.edu/catalog/9810.html
Evidence also suggests that ascorbate plays a role in or influences collagen gene expression, cellular procollagen secretion, and the biosynthesis of other connective tissue components besides collagen, including elastin, fibronectin, proteoglycans, bone matrix, and elastin-associated fibrillin. The primary physical symptoms of ascorbic acid's clinical deficiency disease, scurvy, which involves deterioration of elastic tissue, illustrate the important role of ascorbate in connective tissue synthesis.
NAS, Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine; Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Selenium, and Carotenoids. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C., pg. 98, 2000. Available from, as of March 4, 2010: https://www.nap.edu/catalog/9810.html
For more Mechanism of Action (Complete) data for L-Ascorbic Acid (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
API SUPPLIERS
Basic Nutrition, your expert for sourcing from China, India and Europe.
Rochem, your partner in developing, sourcing, and supplying pharmaceutical & animal health ingredients of Chinese origin.
Faran Shimi: Leading producer of high-quality APIs & alkaloid opiates, serving major pharmaceutical companies across the Middle East.
GDUFA
DMF Review : N/A
Rev. Date :
Pay. Date :
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Submission : 2009-10-30
Status : Active
Type : II
GDUFA
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Rev. Date : 2013-12-05
Pay. Date : 2013-06-28
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Submission : 2013-07-01
Status : Active
Type : II
Registration Number : 219MF10309
Registrant's Address : Jiangshan Road, Jingjiang, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
Initial Date of Registration : 2007-10-05
Latest Date of Registration : --
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DMF Review : N/A
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DMF Number : 38717
Submission : 2024-01-04
Status : Active
Type : II
Registration Number : 230MF10117
Registrant's Address : South of Anshun Street and West of Xingyuan Road, Gucheng Subdistrict office, Shouguang, Shandong Province, 262711, P. R. China
Initial Date of Registration : 2018-08-22
Latest Date of Registration : --
GDUFA
DMF Review : Reviewed
Rev. Date : 2017-08-01
Pay. Date : 2017-01-10
DMF Number : 30618
Submission : 2016-07-05
Status : Active
Type : II
Certificate Number : R1-CEP 1996-078 - Rev 05
Issue Date : 2022-09-29
Type : Chemical
Substance Number : 253
Status : Valid
Registration Number : 225MF10007
Registrant's Address : Wurmisweg 576, CH-4303, Kaiseraugst, Switzerland
Initial Date of Registration : 2013-01-18
Latest Date of Registration : --
NDC Package Code : 63238-3000
Start Marketing Date : 2022-12-28
End Marketing Date : 2025-12-31
Dosage Form (Strength) : POWDER (1kg/kg)
Marketing Category : BULK INGREDIENT
GDUFA
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DMF Number : 32619
Submission : 2018-04-06
Status : Active
Type : II
GDUFA
DMF Review : Reviewed
Rev. Date : 2018-04-19
Pay. Date : 2018-03-22
DMF Number : 23162
Submission : 2009-10-07
Status : Active
Type : II
Certificate Number : R1-CEP 2004-019 - Rev 06
Issue Date : 2022-09-21
Type : Chemical
Substance Number : 253
Status : Valid
Registration Number : 218MF10950
Registrant's Address : No. 898, Hongshan East Road, High-Tech Industrial Development Zone, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P. R. China
Initial Date of Registration : 2006-11-24
Latest Date of Registration : --
NDC Package Code : 72783-1001
Start Marketing Date : 2020-04-22
End Marketing Date : 2025-12-31
Dosage Form (Strength) : POWDER (1kg/kg)
Marketing Category : BULK INGREDIENT
Registrant Name : Green Cross Wellbeing Co., Ltd.
Registration Date : 2022-01-12
Registration Number : 20210427-211-J-802(3)
Manufacturer Name : CSPC WEISHENG PHARMACEUTICAL(SHIJIAZHUANG) CO., LTD.
Manufacturer Address : No. 898 Zhongshan East Road, High-Tech Industrial Development Zone, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China. Post Code: 050035
GDUFA
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DMF Number : 4372
Submission : 1981-11-25
Status : Inactive
Type : II
Certificate Number : R0-CEP 2003-002 - Rev 01
Issue Date : 2005-07-25
Type : Chemical
Substance Number : 253
Status : Expired
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USDMF
GDUFA
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Rev. Date : 2013-12-05
Pay. Date : 2013-06-28
DMF Number : 27209
Submission : 2013-07-01
Status : Active
Type : II
GDUFA
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DMF Number : 26596
Submission : 2012-11-05
Status : Active
Type : II
GDUFA
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DMF Number : 5839
Submission : 1985-05-06
Status : Inactive
Type : II
GDUFA
DMF Review : N/A
Rev. Date :
Pay. Date :
DMF Number : 4372
Submission : 1981-11-25
Status : Inactive
Type : II
GDUFA
DMF Review : Complete
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Pay. Date : 2018-03-22
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Submission : 2009-10-07
Status : Active
Type : II
GDUFA
DMF Review : N/A
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Status : Active
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Pay. Date :
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Certificate Number : R2-CEP 1994-001 - Rev 01
Status : Withdrawn by EDQM Failure to CEP pro...
Issue Date : 2006-05-13
Type : Chemical
Substance Number : 253
Certificate Number : R0-CEP 2003-002 - Rev 01
Status : Expired
Issue Date : 2005-07-25
Type : Chemical
Substance Number : 253
Certificate Number : R1-CEP 2004-019 - Rev 06
Status : Valid
Issue Date : 2022-09-21
Type : Chemical
Substance Number : 253
Certificate Number : R1-CEP 2008-185 - Rev 00
Status : Withdrawn by Holder
Issue Date : 2014-08-26
Type : Chemical
Substance Number : 253
Certificate Number : R0-CEP 1997-035 - Rev 02
Status : Withdrawn by Holder
Issue Date : 2002-11-19
Type : Chemical
Substance Number : 253
Certificate Number : R0-CEP 2018-181 - Rev 01
Status : Valid
Issue Date : 2022-06-22
Type : Chemical
Substance Number : 253
Certificate Number : CEP 2022-066 - Rev 00
Status : Valid
Issue Date : 2024-06-14
Type : Chemical
Substance Number : 253
Certificate Number : R1-CEP 1996-078 - Rev 05
Status : Valid
Issue Date : 2022-09-29
Type : Chemical
Substance Number : 253
Certificate Number : R1-CEP 2005-282 - Rev 03
Status : Withdrawn by Holder
Issue Date : 2016-06-02
Type : Chemical
Substance Number : 253
Certificate Number : R1-CEP 1996-044 - Rev 02
Status : Withdrawn by Holder
Issue Date : 2007-06-07
Type : Chemical
Substance Number : 253
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Basic Nutrition, your expert for sourcing from China, India and Europe.
About the Company : As an ISO9001, ISO22000 certificated supplier, Basic Nutrition supply high-quality ingredients for nutraceuticals. We can offer a range of products from small to large quantites: h...
Rochem, your partner in developing, sourcing, and supplying pharmaceutical & animal health ingredients of Chinese origin.
About the Company : Established in 1994, Rochem is a distributor of pharmaceutical, food, nutritional and animal health ingredients to some of the largest companies in the world. It sources high-quali...
Faran Shimi: Leading producer of high-quality APIs & alkaloid opiates, serving major pharmaceutical companies across the Middle East.
About the Company : Faran Shimi Pharmaceutical Company, established in 2001 and affiliated with Golrang Pharmaceutical Investment Co, manufactures high-quality Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs)...
About the Company : Aroma-Zone project was conceived with a simple aim to share our expertise and enthusiasm for essential oils, the potent essences of plant life. We are dedicated to providing transp...
About the Company : CSPC Pharmaceutical Group Limited ("CSPC") (Stock code: 1093. HK) is a leading pharmaceutical group in China. It was established in 1997. Since the very beginning, CSPC has taken ...
About the Company : Hoventa Pharma is in the business of manufacturing APIs for over three decades.We offer various kinds of services in addition to supplies of APIs, we undertake long-term contracts ...
About the Company : Established in the year 2007, we India Phosphate is engaged in processing, exporter and supplying of Calcium Phosphate. The chemicals are highly appreciated for purity, accuracy an...
About the Company : Parth Antibiotics Pvt. Ltd. Established in decade ago as a Indenting, Exporting & Trading house with Head Office in Mumbai for Pharmaceutical API, Intermediate, Excipient, Chemical...
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Drugs in Development
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Regulatory Info :
Registration Country : Sweden
Several substances refer to content
Brand Name : Ido-C
Dosage Form : CHEWABLE TABLET
Dosage Strength : 0.5 G
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Regulatory Info :
Registration Country : Sweden
Regulatory Info :
Registration Country : Switzerland
Ferrum(II) ionisatum; Acidum folicum; Acidum ascorbicum (Vitamin C; E300)
Brand Name : Duofer Fol
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Registration Country : Switzerland
Regulatory Info :
Registration Country : Italy
Brand Name : Vitamin C
Dosage Form :
Dosage Strength : 10 Vials Im Ev 500 Mg
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Registration Country : Italy
Regulatory Info :
Registration Country : Italy
Brand Name : Vitamin C
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Dosage Strength : 10 Vials Im Ev 1 G
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Registration Country : Italy
Regulatory Info :
Registration Country : Ukraine
Acetaminophen/Paracetamol; Phenylephrine Hydrochloride; PHENIRAMINE MALEATE; Ascorbic Acid
Brand Name : Citric
Dosage Form : Powder for Oral Solution
Dosage Strength : 325MG; 10MG; 20MG; 50MG
Packaging :
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Application Number :
Regulatory Info :
Registration Country : Ukraine
Regulatory Info :
Registration Country : Ukraine
Omega-3; Ascorbic Acid; Vitamin E; Lutein; Zinc Oxide; zeaxanthin; Copper Sulfate
Brand Name : VisiloTON complex
Dosage Form : Capsule
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Registration Country : Ukraine
Regulatory Info :
Registration Country : Italy
Vitamin B 12; Folic Acid; Niacinamide; Ascorbic Acid
Brand Name : Epargriseovit
Dosage Form :
Dosage Strength : Bb 6 Vials I + 6 Vials Ii
Packaging :
Approval Date :
Application Number :
Regulatory Info :
Registration Country : Italy
Regulatory Info : Generic
Registration Country : Turkey
Vitamin A; Thiamine; Riboflavin; Pyridoxine; Vitamin B 12; Ascorbic Acid; Vitamin E; Vitamin D3; Folic Acid; Niacin; Calcium D-pantothenate; Calcium; Copper; Iodine; Iron; Manganese Sulfate; Zinc; Magnesium
Brand Name : Parvulex
Dosage Form : CAPSULE
Dosage Strength :
Packaging : 60 Softgel Capsules
Approval Date :
Application Number :
Regulatory Info : Generic
Registration Country : Turkey
Regulatory Info : Generic
Registration Country : Turkey
Acetaminophen/Paracetamol; Phenylephrine Hydrochloride; Ascorbic Acid
Brand Name :
Dosage Form : SACHET
Dosage Strength : 750MG; 10MG; 60M G
Packaging : 7 Or 10 Sachets/Box
Approval Date :
Application Number :
Regulatory Info : Generic
Registration Country : Turkey
Regulatory Info :
Registration Country : Italy
Ferrous Sulfate; Ascorbic Acid
Brand Name : Ferrograd C
Dosage Form :
Dosage Strength : 30 Cpr Riv Modified Release
Packaging :
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Registration Country : Italy
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DOSAGE - FOR SOLUTION;INTRAVENOUS - 80MG/VIAL...DOSAGE - FOR SOLUTION;INTRAVENOUS - 80MG/VIAL;0.02MG/VIAL;0.001MG/VIAL;5MG/VIAL;0.01MG/VIAL;0.14MG/VIAL;17MG/VIAL;0.2MG/VIAL;1MG/VIAL;1.4MG/VIAL;EQ 1.2MG BASE/VIAL;0.7MG/VIAL;7MG/VIAL
USFDA APPLICATION NUMBER - 18920
DOSAGE - SOLUTION;INTRAVENOUS - 25,000MG/50ML...DOSAGE - SOLUTION;INTRAVENOUS - 25,000MG/50ML (500MG/ML)
USFDA APPLICATION NUMBER - 209112
DOSAGE - SOLUTION;INTRAVENOUS - 2 IU/ML;40MG/...DOSAGE - SOLUTION;INTRAVENOUS - 2 IU/ML;40MG/ML;12MCG/ML;40 IU/ML;1MCG/ML;3MG/ML;120MCG/ML;8MG/ML;1.2MG/ML;0.72MG/ML;1.2MG/ML;660 IU/ML;0.03MG/ML
USFDA APPLICATION NUMBER - 21163
DOSAGE - SOLUTION;INTRAVENOUS - 2 IU/ML;40MG/...DOSAGE - SOLUTION;INTRAVENOUS - 2 IU/ML;40MG/ML;12MCG/ML;40 IU/ML;1MCG/ML;3MG/ML;120MCG/ML;8MG/ML;1.2MG/ML;0.72MG/ML;1.2MG/ML;660 IU/ML;30MCG/ML
USFDA APPLICATION NUMBER - 21163
DOSAGE - INJECTABLE;INTRAVENOUS - 200MG/VIAL;...DOSAGE - INJECTABLE;INTRAVENOUS - 200MG/VIAL;0.06MG/VIAL;0.005MG/VIAL;15MG/VIAL;0.005MG/VIAL;0.6MG/VIAL;40MG/VIAL;6MG/VIAL;3.6MG/VIAL;6MG/VIAL;1MG/VIAL;10MG/VIAL;0.15MG/VIAL
USFDA APPLICATION NUMBER - 21625
DOSAGE - INJECTABLE;INJECTION - 20MG/ML;0.006...DOSAGE - INJECTABLE;INJECTION - 20MG/ML;0.006MG/ML;0.05MCG/ML;1.5MG/ML;0.0005MG/ML;0.06MG/ML;4MG/ML;0.6MG/ML;0.36MG/ML;0.6MG/ML;0.1MG/ML;1MG/ML
USFDA APPLICATION NUMBER - 8809
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Gangwal Healthcare is powered by innovation, driving health, wellness & healing.
Application : Taste Masking
Excipient Details : SucreX (Sucralose) is the most widely used high-intensity, calorie-free sweetener utilized in tablets, capsules, emulsions, syrups, and suspensions.
Solubilizers
Parenteral
Controlled & Modified Release
Disintegrants & Superdisintegrants
Granulation
SPI Pharma has been solving formulation challenges using superior functional materials.
Dosage Form : Granule / Pellet, Tablet
Grade : Oral
Category : Fillers, Diluents & Binders, Granulation
Application : Fillers, Diluents & Binders, Granulation
Excipient Details : Mannogem (mannitol powder) is a pharmaceutical excipient that dissolves rapidly and increases tablet disintegration rate, drug dissolution & release.
Faran Shimi: Leading producer of high-quality APIs & alkaloid opiates, serving major pharmaceutical companies across the Middle East.
Brand Name : Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate
Application : Granulation
Excipient Details : Sodium dodecyl sulfate is used in wet granulation tableting applications for the production of antacid tablets and digestive aids.
Dosage Form : Tablet
Grade : Oral
Category : Granulation, Lubricants & Glidants, Surfactant & Foaming Agents
Brand Name : Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate
Application : Granulation, Lubricants & Glidants, Surfactant & Foaming Agents
Excipient Details : Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate is used as an ionic surfactant, lubricant, and granulating agent in the solid dosage forms such as tablets.
Application : Disintegrants & Superdisintegrants
Excipient Details : Crospovidone is used as a disintegrant in solid oral dosage forms such as tablets and capsules.
Dosage Form : Tablet
Grade : Oral
Category : Direct Compression, Disintegrants & Superdisintegrants, Granulation
Application : Direct Compression, Disintegrants & Superdisintegrants, Granulation
Excipient Details : Croscarmellose sodium, a cellulose-based super disintegrant, provides excellent results in tablet disintegration. It is used in both wet granulation and direct compression.
Dosage Form : Capsule, Orodispersible Tablet, Tablet
Grade : Not Available
Category : Controlled & Modified Release, Granulation, Taste Masking
Application : Controlled & Modified Release, Granulation, Taste Masking
Excipient Details : Moisture barrier, Multi particulates, Dry powder layering, Granulation, Hot melt extrusion, Taste Masking, Controlled / Modified Release
Dosage Form : Capsule, Tablet, Topical Film, Transdermal Patch
Grade : Not Available
Category : Controlled & Modified Release, Direct Compression, Granulation
Application : Controlled & Modified Release, Direct Compression, Granulation
Excipient Details : For non-erodible matrices using direct compression, Controlled release matrix. Matrix former in transdermal patches and topical films.
Pharmacopoeia Ref : Ph. Eur., USP-NF, JP-JPE: 80 %...
Technical Specs : Not Available
Ingredient(s) : Lauryl Sulfate
Dosage Form : Tablet
Grade : Oral
Category : Direct Compression, Fillers, Diluents & Binders, Granulation
Application : Direct Compression, Fillers, Diluents & Binders, Granulation
Excipient Details : AceCel is suitable for majority of the directly compressible actives, combines good flow and high compressibility.
Pharmacopoeia Ref : Not Available
Technical Specs : Not Available
Ingredient(s) : Microcrystalline Cellulose
Application : Granulation
Excipient Details : Crospovidone is used as a granulating agent in pharmaceutical formulations such as tablets, granules, and pellets.
Dosage Form : Tablet
Grade : Oral
Category : Direct Compression, Fillers, Diluents & Binders, Granulation
Application : Direct Compression, Fillers, Diluents & Binders, Granulation
Excipient Details : HiCel acts as a strong & dry binder. It facilitates low tablet friability & promotes rapid tablet disintegration.
Pharmacopoeia Ref : Not Available
Technical Specs : Not Available
Ingredient(s) : Microcrystalline Cellulose
Topical
Film Formers & Plasticizers
Lubricants & Glidants
Chewable & Orodispersible Aids
Co-Processed Excipients
Emulsifying Agents
Rheology Modifiers
API Stability Enhancers
Empty Capsules
Surfactant & Foaming Agents
Coloring Agents
Vegetarian Capsules
Soft Gelatin
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