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Chemistry

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Also known as: Phendimetrazine, 3,4-dimethyl-2-phenylmorpholine, (+)-phendimetrazine, Bacarate, Sedafamen, Antapentan
Molecular Formula
C12H17NO
Molecular Weight
191.27  g/mol
InChI Key
MFOCDFTXLCYLKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Bontril
1 2D Structure

Bontril

2 Identification
2.1 Computed Descriptors
2.1.1 IUPAC Name
3,4-dimethyl-2-phenylmorpholine
2.1.2 InChI
InChI=1S/C12H17NO/c1-10-12(14-9-8-13(10)2)11-6-4-3-5-7-11/h3-7,10,12H,8-9H2,1-2H3
2.1.3 InChI Key
MFOCDFTXLCYLKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N
2.1.4 Canonical SMILES
CC1C(OCCN1C)C2=CC=CC=C2
2.2 Synonyms
2.2.1 MeSH Synonyms

1. Adipost

2. Di-ap-trol

3. Dyrexan

4. Hyrex

5. Melfiat

6. Obezine

7. Phendimetrazine

8. Phendimetrazine Hydrochloride

9. Phendimetrazine Hydrochloride, (2s-trans)-isomer

10. Phendimetrazine Tartrate

11. Phendimetrazine Tartrate, (2s-trans(r-(r*,r*)))-isomer

12. Phendimetrazine Tartrate, (r-(r*,r*))-isomer

13. Phendimetrazine, (2r-cis)-isomer

14. Phendimetrazine, (2s-trans)-isomer

15. Phendimetrazine, Trans(+-)-isomer

16. Prelu-2

17. Trimstat

18. Wehless

19. Weightrol

20. X-trozine

2.2.2 Depositor-Supplied Synonyms

1. Phendimetrazine

2. 3,4-dimethyl-2-phenylmorpholine

3. (+)-phendimetrazine

4. Bacarate

5. Sedafamen

6. Antapentan

7. 21784-30-5

8. D-2-phenyl-3,4-dimethylmorpholine

9. Mephenmetrazine

10. (+)-3,4-dimethyl-2-phenylmorpholine

11. (2s,3s)-3,4-dimethyl-2-phenylmorpholine

12. Adphen (base)

13. Hyrex

14. Dyrexan

15. Wehless

16. Morpholine, 3,4-dimethyl-2-phenyl-, (2s-trans)-

17. 3-phenyl-2-methylmorpholine

18. Nsc 169187

19. Morpholine, 3,4-dimethyl-2-phenyl-

20. Cis-3,4-dimethyl-2-phenylmorpholine

21. Morpholine, 3,4-dimethyl-2-phenyl-, (+)-

22. Chembl1744

23. Schembl49481

24. Nsc169187

25. (+)-2-phenyl-3,4-dimethylmorpholin

26. Akos006239792

27. Morpholine,4-dimethyl-2-phenyl-, (+)-

28. (2s-trans)-3,4-dimethyl-2-phenylmorpholine

29. 3,4-dimethyl-2-phenylmorpholine-, (+)- #

30. Morpholine,4-dimethyl-2-phenyl-, (2s-trans)-

31. J-501031

32. Q1649219

2.3 Create Date
2005-03-26
3 Chemical and Physical Properties
Molecular Weight 191.27 g/mol
Molecular Formula C12H17NO
XLogP31.9
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count2
Rotatable Bond Count1
Exact Mass191.131014166 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass191.131014166 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area12.5 Ų
Heavy Atom Count14
Formal Charge0
Complexity177
Isotope Atom Count0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count2
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count0
Covalently Bonded Unit Count1
4 Drug and Medication Information
4.1 Drug Information
1 of 2  
Drug NameBontril
PubMed HealthPhendimetrazine (By mouth)
Drug ClassesAppetite Suppressant, Centrally Acting
Drug LabelPhendimetrazine tartrate, as the dextro isomer, has the chemical name of (+)-3,4-Dimethyl-2-phenylmorpholine Tartrate.The structural formula is as follows:C12H17NOC4H6O6M.W. 341.36Phendimetrazine tartrate is...
Active IngredientPhendimetrazine tartrate
Dosage FormCapsule, extended release
RouteOral
Strength105mg
Market StatusPrescription
CompanyValeant

2 of 2  
Drug NameBontril
PubMed HealthPhendimetrazine (By mouth)
Drug ClassesAppetite Suppressant, Centrally Acting
Drug LabelPhendimetrazine tartrate, as the dextro isomer, has the chemical name of (+)-3,4-Dimethyl-2-phenylmorpholine Tartrate.The structural formula is as follows:C12H17NOC4H6O6M.W. 341.36Phendimetrazine tartrate is...
Active IngredientPhendimetrazine tartrate
Dosage FormCapsule, extended release
RouteOral
Strength105mg
Market StatusPrescription
CompanyValeant

4.2 Therapeutic Uses

Appetite Depressants

National Library of Medicine's Medical Subject Headings online file (MeSH, 1999)


... Phendimetrazine /is/ indicated in the short-term (a few weeks) treatment of exogenous obesity in conjunction with a regimen of weight reduction based on caloric restriction, exercise, and behavior modification in patients with a body mass index of > or = 30 kg of body weight per height in meters squared (kg/sq m) or in patients with a body mass index of > or = 27 kg/sq m in the presence of risk factors such as hypertensin and diabetes, or hyperlipidemia. /Included in US product labeling/

Thomson.Micromedex. Drug Information for the Health Care Professional. 25th ed. Volume 1. Plus Updates. Content Reviewed by the United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc. Greenwood Village, CO. 2005., p. 438


4.3 Drug Warning

An increased prevalence of abnormal cardiac valve function, primarily aortic regurgitation, was found on echocardiographic evaluation in patients receiving phentermine in combination with either dexfenfluramine or fenfluramine, both of which act to suppress appetite by increasing serotonergic function; however, an increased prevalence of abnormal cardiac valve function also has been found in patients receiving dexfenfluramine or fenfluramine alone, and the role of phentermine in producing the cardiotoxic effect is uncertain; because of the severity of these cardiovascular effects and because the safety and efficacy of other appetite suppressant combinations have not been established, combined use is not recommended; also, the safety and efficacy of combining as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), which enhances serotonergic function, with a sympathomimetic appetite suppressant have not been established and combined use is not recommended. /Appetite suppressants, sympathomimetic/

Thomson.Micromedex. Drug Information for the Health Care Professional. 25th ed. Volume 1. Plus Updates. Content Reviewed by the United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc. Greenwood Village, CO. 2005., p. 439


Abnormal heart valve findings and primary pulmonary hypertension have been reported in some patients receiving phendimetrazine tartrate. ... Primary pulmonary hypertension is a rare, frequently fatal pulmonary disease that has been reported with increased frequency in patients receiving anorexigenic agents. One manufacturer of phendimetrazine tartrate ... states that the drug should be used only for short-term management (a few Weeks) of exogenous obesity and should not be used in combination with other anorexigenic agents. /Phendimetrazine tartrate/

McEvoy, G.K. (ed.). American Hospital Formulary Service- Drug Information 2005. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc. 2005 (Plus Supplements)., p. 2383


Excessive use may lead to tolerance and physical dependence.

Budavari, S. (ed.). The Merck Index - Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs and Biologicals. Rahway, NJ: Merck and Co., Inc., 1989., p. 1146


Phendimetrazine is contraindicated in patients with hyperthyroidism, moderate to severe hypertension, advanced arteriosclerosis, symptomatic cardiovascular disease, glaucoma, or known hypersensitivity or idiosyncrasy to sympathomimetic amines. The drug is also contraindicated in patients in agitate states or those who are highly nervous, have a history of drug abuse, or are receiving CNS stimulants. Phendimetrazine is contraindicated during or within 14 days of administration of monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors since hypertensive crisis could result.

McEvoy, G.K. (ed.). American Hospital Formulary Service- Drug Information 2005. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc. 2005 (Plus Supplements)., p. 2383


For more Drug Warnings (Complete) data for PHENDIMETRAZINE (15 total), please visit the HSDB record page.


5 Pharmacology and Biochemistry
5.1 MeSH Pharmacological Classification

Central Nervous System Stimulants

A loosely defined group of drugs that tend to increase behavioral alertness, agitation, or excitation. They work by a variety of mechanisms, but usually not by direct excitation of neurons. The many drugs that have such actions as side effects to their main therapeutic use are not included here. (See all compounds classified as Central Nervous System Stimulants.)


5.2 FDA Pharmacological Classification
5.2.1 Pharmacological Classes
Increased Sympathetic Activity [PE]; Sympathomimetic Amine Anorectic [EPC]; Appetite Suppression [PE]
5.3 Absorption, Distribution and Excretion

Phendimetrazine is readily absorbed from the GI tract and effects persist for about 4 hours after oral administration.

McEvoy, G.K. (ed.). American Hospital Formulary Service- Drug Information 2005. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc. 2005 (Plus Supplements)., p. 2383


5.4 Metabolism/Metabolites

Phendimetrazine is metabolized in the liver by N-demethylation to the active metabolite phenmetrazine. Phenmetrazine is hydroxylated, conjugated, and excreted in the urine.

Dart, R.C. (ed). Medical Toxicology. Third Edition, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Philadelphia, PA. 2004., p. 877


5.5 Biological Half-Life

The elimination half life of phendimetrazine is approximately 9 hours for the sustained release and 2 hours for the regular release preparation. The half life of phenmetrazine is approximately 8 hours.

Dart, R.C. (ed). Medical Toxicology. Third Edition, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Philadelphia, PA. 2004., p. 877


5.6 Mechanism of Action

Phendimetrazine is an effective and widely prescribed appetite suppressant. Preclinical findings show that phendimetrazine displays stimulant properties similar to amphetamine, but few studies have examined the neurochemical mechanism of the drug. ... Phendimetrazine itself had no effect on uptake or release of any transmitter. In contrast, the trans-configured N-demethylated metabolite, phenmetrazine, was a potent releaser of [3H]norepinephrine (EC(50)=50 nM) and [3H]dopamine (EC(50)=131 nM). The cis N-demethylated metabolite, pseudophenmetrazine, displayed modest potency at releasing [3H]norepinephrine (EC(50)=514 nM) and blocking [3H]dopamine re-uptake (IC(50)=2630 nM). All drugs tested were inactive or weak in the [3H]5-HT assays. When injected intravenously, phendimetrazine had minimal effects on extracellular transmitter levels, whereas phenmetrazine produced dose-related elevations in extracellular dopamine. The collective findings suggest that phendimetrazine is a "prodrug" that is converted to the active metabolite phenmetrazine, a potent substrate for norepinephrine and dopamine transporters.

PMID:12106802 Rothman RB et al; Eur J Pharmacol ;447 (1): 51-7 (2002)


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