Synopsis
Synopsis
0
CEP/COS
0
JDMF
0
EU WC
0
KDMF
0
NDC API
0
VMF
0
Listed Suppliers
0
EDQM
0
USP
0
JP
0
Others
0
FDF Dossiers
0
FDA Orange Book
0
Europe
0
Canada
0
Australia
0
South Africa
0
Listed Dossiers
DRUG PRODUCT COMPOSITIONS
0
US Patents
0
US Exclusivities
0
Health Canada Patents
US Medicaid
NA
Annual Reports
NA
Regulatory FDF Prices
NA
0
API
0
FDF
0
Data Compilation #PharmaFlow
0
Stock Recap #PipelineProspector
0
Weekly News Recap #Phispers
0
News #PharmaBuzz
1. N-butane
1. N-butane
2. 106-97-8
3. Diethyl
4. R 600 (alkane)
5. Hc 600 (hydrocarbon)
6. Methylethylmethane
7. Butanen
8. Butani
9. Hc 600
10. R 600
11. Butane [nf]
12. Butane-silver
13. 6lv4for43r
14. E943a
15. N-c4h10
16. Ins No.943
17. Butane Phase Ii
18. Chebi:37808
19. Ins-943
20. Butane (nf)
21. Butan
22. Butyl Hydride
23. E-943
24. Butane, Pure
25. Butanen [dutch]
26. Butani [italian]
27. Butane (d10)
28. Butane (1-d1)
29. Butane (2-d1)
30. A 21 (lowing Agent)
31. Ccris 2279
32. Hsdb 944
33. Hydrocarbons, C1-4
34. Hydrocarbons, C4-5
35. Einecs 203-448-7
36. Un1011
37. Unii-6lv4for43r
38. N-butan
39. 1,2-dimethyethane
40. 1,2-dimethylethane
41. 1,2-dimethyl-ethane
42. Butane, 99%
43. Freon 600
44. Butane [hsdb]
45. Butane [inci]
46. Butane [fcc]
47. Butane [who-dd]
48. Butane Or Butane Mixtures
49. Butane [ii]
50. Butane [mi]
51. Butane [mart.]
52. N-butane;methylethylmethane
53. Ec 203-448-7
54. Chembl134702
55. H-c4h9
56. Dtxsid7024665
57. E 943a
58. E-943a
59. Bcp32076
60. Zinc8214510
61. Butane 2000 Microg/ml In Methanol
62. Mfcd00009424
63. Akos015917446
64. Akos032949915
65. Zinc256080833
66. Zinc306122401
67. Un 1011
68. 68476-42-6
69. 68514-31-8
70. B0677
71. Ft-0770500
72. R-600
73. C21390
74. D03186
75. Q134192
76. Butane Or Butane Mixtures [un1011] [flammable Gas]
77. Butane, Fuel For Micro Torch, Contains No Cfc Gases
78. 06005800-a997-4214-bf1c-5063e9e46167
| Molecular Weight | 58.12 g/mol |
|---|---|
| Molecular Formula | C4H10 |
| XLogP3 | 2.9 |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | 0 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | 0 |
| Rotatable Bond Count | 1 |
| Exact Mass | 58.078250319 g/mol |
| Monoisotopic Mass | 58.078250319 g/mol |
| Topological Polar Surface Area | 0 Ų |
| Heavy Atom Count | 4 |
| Formal Charge | 0 |
| Complexity | 2 |
| Isotope Atom Count | 0 |
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Defined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Covalently Bonded Unit Count | 1 |
Inhalation studies ... in which rats and mice were exposed to lethal concn (27.8-29%) revealed that n-butane is absorbed and distributed to various tissues. After 4 hr of respiratory exposure, surviving rats were sacrificed ... concn of butane were ... highest in perinephric fat (2086 ppm), then brain (750 ppm), spleen (522 ppm), liver (492 ppm), and kidney (441 ppm). In mice exposed to 2 hr of butane vapors, the brain levels of n-butane were found to be 779 ppm. In both rats and mice the brain levels of n-butane correlated with the degree of CNS depression ... Dermal absorption of n-butane vapors has not been reported. However, dermal penetration of butane would not be expected to occur to any large extent since skin contact is transient because of volatility.
Snyder, R. (ed.) Ethel Browning's Toxicity and Metabolism of Industrial Solvents. 2nd ed. Volume 1: Hydrocarbons. Amsterdam - New York - Oxford: Elsevier, 1987., p. 269
Because of its volatile nature, elimination of butane by exhalation can be anticipated.
Bingham, E.; Cohrssen, B.; Powell, C.H.; Patty's Toxicology Volumes 1-9 5th ed. John Wiley & Sons. New York, N.Y. (2001)., p. V4 15
A study was conducted to establish whether volatile hydrocarbons, such as propane, n-butane and iso-butane, are metabolized in mice or not. In mice having inhaled these gases, isopropanol and acetone were yielded from propane, sec-butanol and methyl ethyl ketone from n-butane, and tert-butanol from iso-butane as the respective metabolites. In addition, liver microsomes were found to contain the enzymic system participating in these metabolisms. In vitro reactions with liver microsomes produced isopropanol from propane, sec-butanol from n-butane, and tert-butanol from iso-butane. It was assumed that hydrocarbons were first converted to (omega-1)-alcohols by microsomal enzyme system and then to corresponding ketones by alcohol dehydrogenase.
PMID:3913777 Tsukamoto S et al; J Toxicol Sci.10(4):323-32 (1985).
Microsomal enzyme systems have been found that oxidize butane to its parent alcohol.
Clayton, G. D. and F. E. Clayton (eds.). Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology: Volume 2A, 2B, 2C: Toxicology. 3rd ed. New York: John Wiley Sons, 1981-1982., p. 3183
Hydroxylation of butane ... /occurs/ in rat liver microsomes to yield 2-butanol as the major metabolite. n-Butane is the lowest molecular weight alkane ... demonstrated to substrate-bind with cytochrome p450. ... If 2-butanol is the major metabolite formed in mammals, it would be expected to be eliminated in expired air. ... 2-Butanol may also be conjugated with glucuronic acid or be oxidized to methyl ethyl ketone which in turn is expired.
Snyder, R. (ed.) Ethel Browning's Toxicity and Metabolism of Industrial Solvents. 2nd ed. Volume 1: Hydrocarbons. Amsterdam - New York - Oxford: Elsevier, 1987., p. 269
Purified liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), a mixture of butane, isobutane, and propane, is commonly abused by inhalation. Little is known about the mammalian metabolism of these substances. Metabolism of other hydrocarbons, including n-hexane and cyclohexane, has been studied in vitro using a range of liver preparations, with metabolites analyzed by static headspace techniques... Cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone were formed from cyclohexane and 1-, 2-, and 3-hexanol and 2-hexanone from n-hexane as predicted. Secondary alcohols are found for the other compounds studied, except for propene and isobutane, together with 2-propanone and 2-butanone from propane and n-butane, respectively. Samples from three individuals who died following LPG abuse contained a range of putative n-butane metabolites: n-butanol, 2-butanol, 2,3-butanediol, 3-hydroxy-2-butanone, and 2,3-butanedione. To /the authors/ knowledge, the last three compounds have not been proposed as metabolites of n-butane in man. These might be produced through similar metabolic pathways to those of n-hexane and n-heptane...
PMID:16925936 Walker R et al; J Chromatogr Sci. 44(7):387-93 (2006).
Based on kinetic studies ... with ethane and n-pentane, the elimination half-life of n-butane can be expected to be closer to that of n-pentane (half life= 0.13 hr, at nonsaturating concn).
Snyder, R. (ed.) Ethel Browning's Toxicity and Metabolism of Industrial Solvents. 2nd ed. Volume 1: Hydrocarbons. Amsterdam - New York - Oxford: Elsevier, 1987., p. 269
Its elimination half-life is 0.13 hr at nonsaturating concns.
Bingham, E.; Cohrssen, B.; Powell, C.H.; Patty's Toxicology Volumes 1-9 5th ed. John Wiley & Sons. New York, N.Y. (2001)., p. V4 15
...Not infrequently intentional butane inhalation results in high morbidity and mortality. A fatal outcome of butane abuse can be caused by asphyxia, cardiac arrhythmia or trauma. The reported number of cases in which death was the consequence of pure butane inhalation is limited, and in most cases a mixture of propellants was involved. This report covers two cases of sudden death due to the sniffing of a cigarette lighter refill containing butane. Autopsy was followed by toxicological, pathohistological and immunohistochemical analysis. Butane gas was confirmed in samples of blood, urine, brain and lungs... Histology showed almost identical changes in the lungs and heart in both cases. The morphology of heart damage on standard H/E stains was of special interest because it displayed all the characteristics of chronic and acute myocardial hypoxia found in the absence of atherosclerotic heart disease. In order to confirm early cardiac death caused by asphyxia due to butane inhalation a panel of immunohistochemical agents was used...
PMID:21420651 Novosel I et al; J Forensic Leg Med. 18(3):125-31 (2011).
API SUPPLIERS
FULL SCREEN VIEW Click here to open all results in a new tab [this preview display 10 results]
USDMF
FULL SCREEN VIEW Click here to open all results in a new tab [this preview display 10 results]API Reference Price
