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Deltamethrine
Also known as: Decamethrin, 52918-63-5, Decamethrine, Decis, K-othrin, Esbecythrin
Molecular Formula
C22H19Br2NO3
Molecular Weight
505.2  g/mol
InChI Key
OWZREIFADZCYQD-NSHGMRRFSA-N
FDA UNII
2JTS8R821G

1 2D Structure

Deltamethrine

2 Identification
2.1 Computed Descriptors
2.1.1 IUPAC Name
[(S)-cyano-(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl] (1R,3R)-3-(2,2-dibromoethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylate
2.1.2 InChI
InChI=1S/C22H19Br2NO3/c1-22(2)17(12-19(23)24)20(22)21(26)28-18(13-25)14-7-6-10-16(11-14)27-15-8-4-3-5-9-15/h3-12,17-18,20H,1-2H3/t17-,18+,20-/m0/s1
2.1.3 InChI Key
OWZREIFADZCYQD-NSHGMRRFSA-N
2.1.4 Canonical SMILES
CC1(C(C1C(=O)OC(C#N)C2=CC(=CC=C2)OC3=CC=CC=C3)C=C(Br)Br)C
2.1.5 Isomeric SMILES
CC1([C@H]([C@H]1C(=O)O[C@H](C#N)C2=CC(=CC=C2)OC3=CC=CC=C3)C=C(Br)Br)C
2.2 Other Identifiers
2.2.1 UNII
2JTS8R821G
2.3 Synonyms
2.3.1 MeSH Synonyms

1. Alpha-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl (1r,3r)-cis-3-(2,2-dibromovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate

2. Butox

3. Decamethrin

4. Decamethrin, (1r-(1alpha(r*),3alpha))-isomer

5. Decamethrin, (1r-(1alpha(r*),3beta))-isomer

6. Decamethrin, (1r-(1alpha(s*),3beta))-isomer

7. Decamethrin, (1s-(1alpha(r*),3alpha))-isomer

8. Decamethrin, (1s-(1alpha(s*),3alpha))-isomer

9. Decis

10. Difexon

11. K-othrin

12. Nrdc 161

13. Oms 1998

2.3.2 Depositor-Supplied Synonyms

1. Decamethrin

2. 52918-63-5

3. Decamethrine

4. Decis

5. K-othrin

6. Esbecythrin

7. Butox

8. Deltagard

9. Deltamethrine

10. Crackdown

11. Deltagran

12. Butoss

13. Cislin

14. Suspend

15. Zorcis

16. New Musigie

17. K-othrine

18. K-obiol

19. Phagase 1

20. Glossinex 200

21. Decis 0.5ulv

22. Decis 1.5ulv

23. Decis 2.5ulv

24. Nrdc 161

25. Ru 22974

26. 2jts8r821g

27. Chebi:4388

28. Deltamethrin (ban)

29. Deltamethrin [ban]

30. (s)-alpha-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl (1r)-cis-3-(2,2-dibromovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate

31. Rup 987

32. Deltacide

33. Deltamethrin 10 Microg/ml In Cyclohexane

34. Stricker

35. Deltamethrin 100 Microg/ml In Cyclohexane

36. Ipo 8831

37. Oms 1988

38. Dsstox_cid_381

39. Fmc 45498

40. Dsstox_rid_75555

41. Dekametrin

42. Dsstox_gsid_20381

43. (s)-cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl (1r,3r)-3-(2,2-dibromoethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylate

44. (s)-cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl (1r,3r)-3-(2,2-dibromoethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate

45. Deltamethrin, Analytical Standard

46. Deltametryna [polish]

47. Dekametrin (hungarian)

48. Deltametryna

49. Deltamethrin [bsi:iso]

50. Deltamethrine [iso-french]

51. (s)-alpha-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl (1r,3r)-3-(2,2-dibromovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate

52. (s)-cyano[3-(phenyloxy)phenyl]methyl (1r,3r)-3-(2,2-dibromoethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate

53. [(s)-cyano-(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl] (1r,3r)-3-(2,2-dibromoethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylate

54. Cas-52918-63-5

55. Ccris 3704

56. Hsdb 6604

57. Cyclopropanecarboxylic Acid, 3-(2,2-dibromoethenyl)-2,2-dimethyl-, (s)-cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl Ester, (1r,3r)-

58. Einecs 258-256-6

59. Epa Pesticide Chemical Code 978051

60. Unii-2jts8r821g

61. Deltashield

62. Ballistic

63. Scalibor

64. Delta-methrin

65. Ai3-29279

66. Decis Options

67. Cropro D-sect

68. Deltamethrin Formulations

69. Deltamethrin, >=98%

70. Deltamethrin [mi]

71. Deltamethrin [iso]

72. Deltamethrin [hsdb]

73. Deltamethrin [iarc]

74. Deltamethrin [inci]

75. Scalibor [veterinary] (tn)

76. Schembl22196

77. Deltamethrin [mart.]

78. Deltamethrin Impurity Standard

79. (1r-(1alpha(s*),3alpha))-cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl 3-(2,2-dibromoethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate

80. (s)-alpha-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl (1r,3r)-3-(2,2-dibromovinyl)-2,2-dimethyl-cyclopropan-1-carboxylate

81. (s)-alpha-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl-(1r)-cis-3-(2,2-dibromovinyl)-2,2-dimethyl-cyclopropane Carboxyate

82. 3-(2,2-dibromoethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic Acid, Cyano(3-phenoxy-phenyl)-, Methyl Ester

83. Bidd:er0143

84. Deltamethrin [who-dd]

85. Chembl1593566

86. Dtxsid8020381

87. Owzreifadzcyqd-nshgmrrfsa-

88. Hy-b1971

89. Zinc1532094

90. Tox21_201432

91. Tox21_303009

92. Mfcd00870122

93. Akos015895185

94. Db13600

95. Ks-5078

96. Deltamethrin 1000 Microg/ml In Hexane

97. Deltamethrin 100 Microg/ml In N-hexane

98. Ncgc00163904-01

99. Ncgc00163904-02

100. Ncgc00163904-03

101. Ncgc00256465-01

102. Ncgc00258983-01

103. (s)-alpha-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl (1r,3s)-3-(2,2-dibromovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate

104. Alpha-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl (1r-(1alpha(s*),3alpha))-3-(2,2-dibromovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate

105. Cyclopropanecarboxylic Acid, 3-(2,2-dibromoethenyl)-2,2-dimethyl-, Cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl Ester, (1r-(1-alpha(s*),3-alpha))-

106. Ru-22974

107. Cs-0014071

108. D4775

109. Deltamethrin 1000 Microg/ml In Acetonitrile

110. D07785

111. D90330

112. Deltamethrin, Pestanal(r), Analytical Standard

113. 918m635

114. A829307

115. Q422257

116. Deltamethrin, Certified Reference Material, Tracecert(r)

117. [(s)-cyano-[3-(phenoxy)phenyl]methyl] (1r,3r)-3-(2,2-dibromoethenyl)-2,2-dimethy

118. Deltamethrin Solution, 100 Ng/mul In Cyclohexane, Pestanal(r), Analytical Standard

119. (1r,3r)-((s)-cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl) 3-(2,2-dibromovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate

120. (1r,3r)-3-(2,2-dibromoethenyl)-2,2-dimethyl-1-cyclopropanecarboxylic Acid [(s)-cyano-(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl] Ester

121. (1r,3r)-3-(2,2-dibromovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic Acid (s)-alpha-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl Ester

122. (s)-.alpha.-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl (1r,3r)-3-(2,2-dibromovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate

123. (s)-.alpha.-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl (1r,3s)-3-(2,2-dibromovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate

124. (s)-i+/--cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl (1r)-cis-3-(2,2-dibromovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane Carboxylate

125. [(s)-cyano-(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl] (1r,3r)-3-[2,2-bis(bromanyl)ethenyl]-2,2-dimethyl-cyclopropane-1-carboxylate

126. Cyclopropanecarboxylic Acid, 3-(2,2-dibromoethenyl)-2,2-dimethyl-,(s)-cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl Ester, (1r,3r)-

2.4 Create Date
2005-08-08
3 Chemical and Physical Properties
Molecular Weight 505.2 g/mol
Molecular Formula C22H19Br2NO3
XLogP36.2
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count4
Rotatable Bond Count7
Exact Mass504.97112 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass502.97317 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area59.3 Ų
Heavy Atom Count28
Formal Charge0
Complexity643
Isotope Atom Count0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count3
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count0
Covalently Bonded Unit Count1
4 Pharmacology and Biochemistry
4.1 MeSH Pharmacological Classification

Insecticides

Pesticides designed to control insects that are harmful to man. The insects may be directly harmful, as those acting as disease vectors, or indirectly harmful, as destroyers of crops, food products, or textile fabrics. (See all compounds classified as Insecticides.)


4.2 ATC Code

P - Antiparasitic products, insecticides and repellents

P03 - Ectoparasiticides, incl. scabicides, insecticides and repellents

P03B - Insecticides and repellents

P03BA - Pyrethrines

P03BA03 - Decamethrin


4.3 Absorption, Distribution and Excretion

In rats, following oral administration, elimination occurs within 2-4 days. The phenyl ring is hydroxylated, the ester bond hydrolyzed, and the acid moiety is eliminated as the glucuronide and glycine conjugates.

Hartley, D. and H. Kidd (eds.). The Agrochemicals Handbook. 2nd ed. Lechworth, Herts, England: The Royal Society of Chemistry, 1987., p. A122/Aug 87


Intravenous disposition kinetics /in a female black Bengal goat/ using a dose of 0.2 mg/kg showed that the maximum blood concentration of deltamethrin was recorded at 0.5 min, followed by rapid decline, and a minimum concentration was detected at 6 min after administration. The following values were obtained: Vdarea 0.148 (+ or -0.02) L/kg; t1/2 (a) 0.22 (+ or -0.02) min; t1/2 (beta) 2.17 (+ or -0.37) min; Kel 1.05 (+ or -0.24) /min; AUC 4.30(+ or -0.45)ug min/mL; ClB 0.05 (+ or -0.006) L/kg/min; T~B 1.93 (+ or -0.58); fc 0.40(+ or -0.05). After 10 min, liver retained the maximum residue, and heart, adrenal gland, kidney, spleen, fat and brain also held the insecticide; liver, fat, heart and spleen retained residue after 30 min, and bone, liver and fat retained residue after 60 min of iv administration. Oral absorption of deltamethrin was poor and inconsistent, and approximately 65% of administered dose was recovered from feces and gastrointestinal contents. The excretion of deltamethrin through urine was meager, and only 0.01 and 0.013% of the administered dose was recovered after 3 and 5 days of oral administration respectively. All the tissues retained the residue after 3 days; while fat, rumen, reticulum, omasum, abomasum, large and small intestine and bone retained the residue after 5 days of oral administration; and the percentage recoveries were 1.73 and 0.027 respectively. ...

Juliet S et al; Environ Toxicol Chem 57 (3): 311-9 (2001)


Three young male human volunteers underwent a complete medical check-up one week prior to the morning of the study. Each of them received a single dose of 3 mg of (14)C deltamethrin mixed in 1 g glucose and diluted first in 10 mL polyethylene glycol300 and again in 150 mL water. Total radioactivity was 1.8 + or - 0.9 mBq. Samples of blood, urine, saliva, and feces were taken at intervals over 5 days. Clinical and biological examinations were performed every 12 hr during the trial and one week after its termination. Radioactivity in the biological samples was measured with a liquid scintillation spectrometer. The clinical and biological checks did not detect any abnormal findings. There were no signs of side effects ... either during or after the trial period. The maximum plasma radioactivity appeared between 1 and 2 hr after administration of the product, and remained over the detection limit (0.2 KBq/L) during the 48 hr. The apparent elimination half-life was between 10.0 and 11.5 hr. The radioactivity of blood cells, as well as the saliva, was extremely low. Urinary excretion was 51-50% of the initial radioactivity; 90% of this radioactivity was excreted during the 24 hr following absorption. The apparent half-life of urinary excretion was 10.0-13.5 hr, which is consistent with the plasma data. Fecal elimination at the end of the observation period represented 10-26% of the dose. The total fecal plus urine elimination was around 64-77% of the initial dose after 96 hr.

WHO; Environmental Health Criteria 97: Deltamethrin p.47 (1990)


In a feeding study, deltamethrin was administered twice daily to lactating dairy cows in portions of their daily feed at the rate of 2 or 10 mg/kg diet for 28 consecutive days. The level of 2 mg/kg diet was the residue level found in a recently treated pasture, whereas 10 mg/kg diet was five times this level. Deltamethrin residues in the milk were dose-dependent and appeared to reach a plateau between 7 and 9 days after the start of treatment. At the high deltamethrin intake of 10 mg/kg diet, the deltamethrin residue in milk was about 0.025 mg/L. Deltamethrin residues in tissues were measured 1, 4, and 9 days after the last dose. At the 10 mg/kg diet intake, very small amounts of deltamethrin residues were found in the liver (<0.005 mg/kg), kidney )<0.002 mg/kg), and muscle (0.002-0.014 mg/kg). Residues in fat were about 0.04 mg/kg and 0.2 mg/kg for the 2 and 10 mg/kg intake, respectively. Depletion of deltamethrin in milk was very rapid (estimated half-life was about 1 day); while in fat (renal and subcutaneous) the half-life was 7-9 days. Br2CA (3-(2,2-dibromovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopro-panecarboxylic acid) and PBacid (3-phenoxybenzoic acid) were the only metabolites detected in the milk and tissues of treated cows. In all cases, they were found at trace levels of < 0.0235 mg/L and < 0.034 mg/L, respectively. These two metabolites were also previously identified in rats and mice as the major degradation products of deltamethrin.

WHO; Environmental Health Criteria 97: Deltamethrin p.45 (1990)


For more Absorption, Distribution and Excretion (Complete) data for DELTAMETHRIN (18 total), please visit the HSDB record page.


4.4 Metabolism/Metabolites

Deltamethrin (1 ug) was incubated at 37 C for 30 min with each of the following mouse microsome preparations; a) tetraethyl pyrophosphate (TEPP)-treated microsomes (no esterase and oxidase activity); b) normal microsomes (esterase acivity); c) TEPP-treated microsomes plus NADPH (oxidase activity); and d)normal microsomes plus NADPH (esterase plus oxidase activity). Deltamethrin was more rapidly metabolized under the oxidase system than under the esterase system. The major site of ring hydroxylation was 4'-position and the secondary site was the 5-position. The trans methyl group was an important site of hydroxylation of the esters and cis methyl oxidation was evident in the metabolites of the cleaved acid moiety. The preferred sites of hydroxylation were as follows; trans of dimethyl group, 4'-position in the phenol group, and cis of the dimethyl group was equal to the 5-position in the phenoxy group. Cleavage of deltamethrin to cyanohydrin may result from both esterase and oxidase enzyme activities, since larger amounts of the cleaved products were evident in the oxidase system. ... However, at a much higher (approximately 35-fold) concentration of deltamethrin than that in the above study, it was not detectably hydrolysed. ... Deltamethrin was hydrolysed by esterases in the blood, brain, kidney, and stomach of mice yielding PBald and PBacid.

WHO; Environmental Health Criteria 97: Deltamethrin p.46 (1990)


In a metabolic study, (14)C-deltamethrin was administered orally to lactating dairy cows at the rate of 10 mg/kg body weight per day for 3 consecutive days. It was poorly absorbed and mainly eliminated in the feces as unchanged deltamethrin. Only 4-6% of the administered (14)C was eliminated in the urine, and 0.42-1.62% was secreted in the milk. The radiocarbon contents of various tissues were generally very low with the exception of those of the liver, kidney, and fat, which were higher. Deltamethrin degradation occured by cleavage of the ester bond, as already reported in rats and mice. The enzymes responsible for the ester bond cleavage were located in cow liver homogenate, mainly in the microsomal fraction, as seen in an in vitro study. Metabolites resulting from ester bond cleavage further metabolized and/or conjugated, resulting in a large number of compounds excreted in the urine. In the milk, the major identifiable radiolabelled compound was deltamethrin.

WHO; Environmental Health Criteria 97: Deltamethrin p.45 (1990)


The major metabolic pathways of deltamethrin in mice were similar to those in rats, though there were some differences. These included the presence of more unchanged deltamethrin in mouse feces than in rat feces. In mouse feces, there were 4 monohydroxy ester metabolites (2'-OH-, 4'-OH-, 5-OH-, and trans-OH-deltamethrin and one dihydroxy metabolite (4'-OH-trans-OH- deltamethrin) that were not found in mouse urine. Major metabolites from the acid moiety in mice were Br2CA, trans-OH-Br2CA, and their glucuronide and sulfate conjugates. Among them, trans-OH-Br2CA-sulfate was detected only in mice, but not in rats. Compared with rats, much larger amounts of trans-OH-Br2CA and its conjugates were formed in mice. A major metabolite of the alcohol moiety in mice was the taurine conjugate of PBacid in the urine, which was not detected in rats. Generally, mice produced smaller amounts of phenolic compounds compared with rats. Also, 3-phenoxybenzaldehyde (PBald), 3-phenoxybenzyl alcohol (PBalc), and its glucuronide, and glucuronides of 3-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)benzyl alcohol (4'-OH-PBalc) and 5-hydroxy-3-penoxybenzoic acid (5-OH-PBacid) were found in mice, but not in rats. When mice were given an ip dose of (14) C-deltamethrin with or without piperonyl butoxide (PBO) and/or S,S,S-tributylphosphorotrithioate (DEF), the same metabolites were obtained as with oral administration. However, DEF decreased the hydrolytic products relative to the controls, while PBO decreased the oxidation products.

WHO; Environmental Health Criteria 97: Deltamethrin p.44 (1990)


Sulfate of 4'-OH-PBacid accounted for about 50% of the dose, together with small amounts of free (4%) and glucuronide forms (2%). The CN group was converted mainly to thiocyanate and, in small amounts, to ITCA. The trans-isomer of deltamethrin was also rapidly metabolized and yielded almost the same metabolties as deltamethrin, though 5-OH-derivative was found in the cis-isomer, but not in the trans-isomer.

WHO; Environmental Health Criteria 97: Deltamethrin p.43 (1990)


For more Metabolism/Metabolites (Complete) data for DELTAMETHRIN (19 total), please visit the HSDB record page.


Deltamethrin has known human metabolites that include 4'-hydroxy-deltamethrin.

S73 | METXBIODB | Metabolite Reaction Database from BioTransformer | DOI:10.5281/zenodo.4056560


4.5 Biological Half-Life

Following intravenous administration, the distribution and elimination half-times were ... 1.39 and 33.0 hours for deltamethrin.

U.S. Dept Health & Human Services/Agency for Toxic Substances & Disease Registry; Toxicological Profile for Pyrethrins and Pyrethroids p.102 (2003). Available from, as of January 4, 2011: https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp155.pdf


In rats administered deltamethrin and its metabolite (4-OH-deltamethrin) intravenously, elimination half-times were 33 and 25 hours, respectively.

U.S. Dept Health & Human Services/Agency for Toxic Substances & Disease Registry; Toxicological Profile for Pyrethrins and Pyrethroids p.99 (2003). Available from, as of January 4, 2011: https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp155.pdf


Deltamethrin has a half-life in rat brain of 1-2 days, but it is rather more persistent in body fat, with a half-life of 5 days.

Hayes, W.J., Jr., E.R. Laws, Jr., (eds.). Handbook of Pesticide Toxicology. Volume 2. Classes of Pesticides. New York, NY: Academic Press, Inc., 1991., p. 595


Three young male human volunteers underwent a complete medical check-up one week prior to the morning of the study. Each of them received a single dose of 3 mg of (14)C deltamethrin mixed in 1 g glucose and diluted first in 10 mL polyethylene glycol300 and again in 150 mL water. Total radioactivity was 1.8 + or - 0.9 mBq. ... The apparent elimination half-life was between 10.0 and 11.5 hr. ... The apparent half-life of urinary excretion was 10.0-13.5 hr, which is consistent with the plasma data. ...

WHO; Environmental Health Criteria 97: Deltamethrin p.47 (1990)


4.6 Mechanism of Action

The lowest concentration of deltamethrin to have an effect in crayfish stretch receptor neurons on sodium channels was 1X10-12 mol/L, but the response of the preparation to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) appeared to be unaffected by concentrations of deltamethrin up to 1X10-7 mol/L. Although 1X10-6 mol/l deltamethrin had a slight effect on the GABA response of the dactyl abductor muscle, it appears that the majority of the effects of cyano-pyrethroids in invertebrates could be accounted for solely by their action on sodium channels.

WHO; Environmental Health Criteria 97: Deltamethrin p.81 (1990)


The synthetic pyrethroids delay closure of the sodium channel, resulting in a sodium tail current that is characterized by a slow influx of sodium during the end of depolarization. Apparently the pyrethroid molecule holds the activation gate in the open position. Pyrethroids with an alpha-cyano group (e.g., fenvalerate) produce more prolonged sodium tail currents than do other pyrethroids (e.g., permethrin, bioresmethrin). The former group of pyrethroids causes more cutaneous sensations than the latter. /Pyrethroids/

Ellenhorn, M.J. and D.G. Barceloux. Medical Toxicology - Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Poisoning. New York, NY: Elsevier Science Publishing Co., Inc. 1988., p. 1081


Interaction with sodium channels is not the only mechanism of action proposed for the pyrethroids. Their effects on the CNS have led various workers to suggest actions via antagonism of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-mediated inhibition, modulation of nicotinic cholinergic transmission, enhancement of noradrenaline release, or actions on calcium ions. Since neurotransmitter specific pharmacological agents offer only poor or partial protection against poisoning, it is unlikely that one of these effects represents the primary mechanism of action of the pyrethroids, & most neurotransmitter release is secondary to incr sodium entry. /Pyrethroids/

Hayes, W.J., Jr., E.R. Laws, Jr., (eds.). Handbook of Pesticide Toxicology. Volume 2. Classes of Pesticides. New York, NY: Academic Press, Inc., 1991., p. 588


The interaction of a series of pyrethroid insecticides with the sodium channels in myelinated nerve fibers of the clawed frog, Xenopus laevis, was investigated using the voltage clamp technique. Of 11 pyrethroids, 9 insecticidally active cmpd induced a slowly decaying sodium tail current on termination of a step depolarization, whereas the sodium current during depolarization was hardly affected. /Pyrethroids/

PMID:6299340 Vijverberg HP M et al; Biochem Biophys Acta 728 (1): 73-82 (1983)


For more Mechanism of Action (Complete) data for DELTAMETHRIN (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page.


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