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Chemistry

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Also known as: Ferric ferrocyanide, Iron(iii) hexacyanoferrate(ii), Prussian blue insoluble, Iron(2+);iron(3+);octadecacyanide, Iron(iii) ferrocyanide; milori blue, Ferrocin
Molecular Formula
C18Fe7N18
Molecular Weight
859.2  g/mol
InChI Key
DCYOBGZUOMKFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Ferric Ferrocyanide
Prussian blue is described as a deep blue pigment that is produced when the oxidation of ferrous ferrocyanide salts occurs. It contains ferric hexacyanoferrate(II) in a cubic lattice crystal structure. It is insoluble in water but also tends to form a colloid thus can exist in either colloidal or water-soluble form, and an insoluble form. It is orally administered for clinical purposes to be used as an antidote for certain kinds of heavy metal poisoning, such as thallium and radioactive isotopes of caesium. Prussian blue is included in the World Health Organization Model List of Essential Medicines as a specific antidote used in poisonings to provide symptomatic and supportive treatment. It was also administered in individuals exposed to 137-Cs+ during Goinia accident, one of the worst radioactive contamination incidents that occured in Brazil, 1983.
1 2D Structure

Ferric Ferrocyanide

2 Identification
2.1 Computed Descriptors
2.1.1 IUPAC Name
iron(2+);iron(3+);octadecacyanide
2.1.2 InChI
InChI=1S/18CN.7Fe/c18*1-2;;;;;;;/q18*-1;3*+2;4*+3
2.1.3 InChI Key
DCYOBGZUOMKFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N
2.1.4 Canonical SMILES
[C-]#N.[C-]#N.[C-]#N.[C-]#N.[C-]#N.[C-]#N.[C-]#N.[C-]#N.[C-]#N.[C-]#N.[C-]#N.[C-]#N.[C-]#N.[C-]#N.[C-]#N.[C-]#N.[C-]#N.[C-]#N.[Fe+2].[Fe+2].[Fe+2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3]
2.2 Synonyms
2.2.1 MeSH Synonyms

1. Berlin Blue

2. Ferric Ferrocyanide

3. Ferrihexacyanoferrate

4. Ferrocin

5. Ferrotsin

2.2.2 Depositor-Supplied Synonyms

1. Ferric Ferrocyanide

2. Iron(iii) Hexacyanoferrate(ii)

3. Prussian Blue Insoluble

4. Iron(2+);iron(3+);octadecacyanide

5. Iron(iii) Ferrocyanide; Milori Blue

6. Ferrocin

7. Parisian Blue

8. Preussischblau

9. Turnbulls Blau

10. Berliner Blau

11. Mfcd00135663

12. Iron (iii) Ferrocyanide

13. Chebi:30069

14. Iron(3+) Hexacyanoferrate(4-)

15. Iron(iii) Hexacyanidoferrate(ii)

16. Iron(3+) Hexacyanidoferrate(4-)

17. Akos025310680

18. Db06783

19. Q421894

2.3 Create Date
2005-07-19
3 Chemical and Physical Properties
Molecular Weight 859.2 g/mol
Molecular Formula C18Fe7N18
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count36
Rotatable Bond Count0
Exact Mass859.59988 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass859.59988 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area428 Ų
Heavy Atom Count43
Formal Charge0
Complexity127
Isotope Atom Count0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count0
Covalently Bonded Unit Count25
4 Drug and Medication Information
4.1 Drug Indication

Indicated for treatment of patients with known or suspected internal contamination with radioactive cesium and/or radioactive or non-radioactive thallium to increase their rates of elimination.


FDA Label


5 Pharmacology and Biochemistry
5.1 Pharmacology

Prussian blue is an insoluble radioactive metals chelating agent and absorbent. It acts by ion-exchange, adsorption, and mechanical trapping within the crystal structure and has a very high affinity for radioactive and non-radioactive cesium and thallium. The antidote therapy greatly minimizes the extent of contamination and reduces the half life of radioactive isotopes which have relatively long physicall half life and uniform tissue distribution. Data suggest that in humans, Prussian blue can reduce cesiums half-life by approximately 43% and reduce total body burdens by significantly increasing the feces-to-urine excretion ratio.


5.2 MeSH Pharmacological Classification

Antidotes

Agents counteracting or neutralizing the action of POISONS. (See all compounds classified as Antidotes.)


Coloring Agents

Chemicals and substances that impart color including soluble dyes and insoluble pigments. They are used in INKS; PAINTS; and as INDICATORS AND REAGENTS. (See all compounds classified as Coloring Agents.)


5.3 ATC Code

V - Various

V03 - All other therapeutic products

V03A - All other therapeutic products

V03AB - Antidotes

V03AB31 - Prussian blue


5.4 Absorption, Distribution and Excretion

Absorption

It is poorly or not absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract walls after oral ingestion. Systemic absorption is assumed to be insignificant, with minimal release of cyanide from the complex. A small amount (approximately 2%) of the hexacyanoferrate ion was absorbed after oral ingestion of prussian blue but with no signs of decomposition. Prussian blue is not systemically bioavailable.


Route of Elimination

It predominantly depends on fecal excretion, and does not depend on renal elimination. Based on animal data, 99% of a single dose of 40 mg of labeled insoluble Prussian blue was excreted unchanged in feces.


Volume of Distribution

Histopathological examination of different organs showed no deposits of prussian blue after oral administration of insoluble prussian blue.


Clearance

The clearance from the body depends on the gastrointestinal tract transit time.


5.5 Metabolism/Metabolites

No evidence of decomposition after oral ingestion. Prussian blue does not undergo hepatic metabolism; use of the drug is not contraindicated in patients with hepatic impairment.


5.6 Mechanism of Action

Prussian blue binds cesium and thallium isotopes in the gastrointestinal tract after ingestion or excreted in the bile by the liver, therby reduces gastrointestinal reabsorption into the enterohepatic circulation. It serves as an ion exchanger for univalent cations and it preferentially binds to cesium or thallium as its affinity for cations increases as the ionic radius of the cation increases. Prussian blue exchanges potassium for cesium or thallium at the surface of the crystal in the intestinal lumen. The insoluble complex is excreted without being absorbed from the intestinal walls. Insoluble prussian blue decreases the half life of cesium by 33% and from 3.8 to 2.2 days for thallium. The rate of cesium and thallium elimination is proportional to the dose and duration of prussian blue.


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ABOUT THIS PAGE

Ferric Ferrocyanide Manufacturers

A Ferric Ferrocyanide manufacturer is defined as any person or entity involved in the manufacture, preparation, processing, compounding or propagation of Ferric Ferrocyanide, including repackagers and relabelers. The FDA regulates Ferric Ferrocyanide manufacturers to ensure that their products comply with relevant laws and regulations and are safe and effective to use. Ferric Ferrocyanide API Manufacturers are required to adhere to Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) to ensure that their products are consistently manufactured to meet established quality criteria.

click here to find a list of Ferric Ferrocyanide manufacturers with USDMF, JDMF, KDMF, CEP, GMP, COA and API Price related information on PhamaCompass.

Ferric Ferrocyanide Suppliers

A Ferric Ferrocyanide supplier is an individual or a company that provides Ferric Ferrocyanide active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) or Ferric Ferrocyanide finished formulations upon request. The Ferric Ferrocyanide suppliers may include Ferric Ferrocyanide API manufacturers, exporters, distributors and traders.

click here to find a list of Ferric Ferrocyanide suppliers with USDMF, JDMF, KDMF, CEP, GMP, COA and API Price related information on PharmaCompass.

Ferric Ferrocyanide GMP

Ferric Ferrocyanide Active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) is produced in GMP-certified manufacturing facility.

GMP stands for Good Manufacturing Practices, which is a system used in the pharmaceutical industry to make sure that goods are regularly produced and monitored in accordance with quality standards. The FDA’s current Good Manufacturing Practices requirements are referred to as cGMP or current GMP which indicates that the company follows the most recent GMP specifications. The World Health Organization (WHO) has its own set of GMP guidelines, called the WHO GMP. Different countries can also set their own guidelines for GMP like China (Chinese GMP) or the EU (EU GMP).

PharmaCompass offers a list of Ferric Ferrocyanide GMP manufacturers, exporters & distributors, which can be sorted by USDMF, JDMF, KDMF, CEP (COS), WC, API price, and more, enabling you to easily find the right Ferric Ferrocyanide GMP manufacturer or Ferric Ferrocyanide GMP API supplier for your needs.

Ferric Ferrocyanide CoA

A Ferric Ferrocyanide CoA (Certificate of Analysis) is a formal document that attests to Ferric Ferrocyanide's compliance with Ferric Ferrocyanide specifications and serves as a tool for batch-level quality control.

Ferric Ferrocyanide CoA mostly includes findings from lab analyses of a specific batch. For each Ferric Ferrocyanide CoA document that a company creates, the USFDA specifies specific requirements, such as supplier information, material identification, transportation data, evidence of conformity and signature data.

Ferric Ferrocyanide may be tested according to a variety of international standards, such as European Pharmacopoeia (Ferric Ferrocyanide EP), Ferric Ferrocyanide JP (Japanese Pharmacopeia) and the US Pharmacopoeia (Ferric Ferrocyanide USP).

Inform the supplier about your product requirements, specifying if you need a product with particular monograph like EP (Ph. Eur.), USP, JP, BP, or any other quality. In addition, clarify whether you need hydrochloride (HCl), anhydricum, base, micronisatum or a specific level of purity. To find reputable suppliers, utilize the filters and select those certified by GMP, FDA, or any other certification as per your requirement.
For your convenience, we have listed synonyms and CAS numbers to help you find the best supplier. The use of synonyms and CAS numbers can be helpful in identifying potential suppliers, but it is crucial to note that they might not always indicate the exact same product. It is important to confirm the product details with the supplier before making a purchase to ensure that it meets your requirements.
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