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    Chemistry

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    Also known as: 7558-80-7, Sodium dihydrogen phosphate, Sodium phosphate monobasic, Sodium dihydrogenorthophosphate, Sodium acid phosphate, Sodium primary phosphate
    Molecular Formula
    H2NaO4P
    Molecular Weight
    119.977  g/mol
    InChI Key
    AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M
    FDA UNII
    KH7I04HPUU
    Monosodium Phosphate
    Sodium phosphate is a saline laxative that is thought to work by increasing fluid in the small intestine. It usually results in a bowel movement after 30 minutes to 6 hours.
    1 2D Structure

    Monosodium Phosphate

    2 Identification
    2.1 Computed Descriptors
    2.1.1 IUPAC Name
    sodium;dihydrogen phosphate
    2.1.2 InChI
    InChI=1S/Na.H3O4P/c;1-5(2,3)4/h;(H3,1,2,3,4)/q+1;/p-1
    2.1.3 InChI Key
    AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M
    2.1.4 Canonical SMILES
    OP(=O)(O)[O-].[Na+]
    2.2 Other Identifiers
    2.2.1 UNII
    KH7I04HPUU
    2.3 Synonyms
    2.3.1 MeSH Synonyms

    1. Dibasic Sodium Phosphate, Anhydrous

    2. Disodium Acid Phosphate

    3. Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate

    4. Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate Anhydrous

    5. Monosodium Dihydrogen Phosphate

    6. Neutral Sodium Hydrogen Phosphate

    7. Phosphoric Acid, Disodium Salt

    8. Phosphoric Acid, Disodium Salt, 32p-labeled

    9. Phosphoric Acid, Disodium Salt, Anhydrous

    10. Phosphoric Acid, Disodium Salt, Dodecahydrate

    11. Phosphoric Acid, Disodium Salt, Heptahydrate

    12. Phosphoric Acid, Monosodium Salt

    13. Phosphoric Acid, Monosodium Salt, Anhydrous

    14. Phosphoric Acid, Sodium (2:3) Salt

    15. Phosphoric Acid, Sodium Salt

    16. Phosphoric Acid, Trisodium Salt

    17. Phosphoric Acid, Trisodium Salt , 32p-labeled

    18. Phosphoric Acid, Trisodium Salt , Dodecahydrate

    19. Sodium Biphosphate

    20. Sodium Dihydrogen Orthophosphate

    21. Sodium Dihydrogen Phosphate

    22. Sodium Hydrophosphate

    23. Sodium Phosphate

    24. Sodium Phosphate Monobasic Anhydrous

    25. Sodium Phosphate, Dibasic

    26. Sodium Phosphate, Dibasic (anhydrous)

    27. Sodium Phosphate, Disodium Salt

    28. Sodium Phosphate, Monobasic

    29. Sodium Phosphate, Monobasic Anhydrous

    30. Sodium Phosphate, Tribasic

    31. Sodium Phosphate, Tribasic, Dodecahydrate

    32. Trisodium Phosphate

    33. Trisodium Phosphate Dodecahydrate

    2.3.2 Depositor-Supplied Synonyms

    1. 7558-80-7

    2. Sodium Dihydrogen Phosphate

    3. Sodium Phosphate Monobasic

    4. Sodium Dihydrogenorthophosphate

    5. Sodium Acid Phosphate

    6. Sodium Primary Phosphate

    7. Monosodium Dihydrogen Orthophosphate

    8. Monosodium Monophosphate

    9. Sodium Dihydrogenphosphate

    10. Monosodium Phosphate, Anhydrous

    11. Sodium Phosphate Monobasic Anhydrous

    12. Monobasic Sodium Phosphate

    13. Acid Sodium Phosphate

    14. Monosodium Orthophosphate

    15. Sodium Dihydrogen Orthophosphate

    16. Monosodium Dihydrogen Phosphate

    17. Sodium Dihydrogen Phosphate, Anhydrous

    18. Sodium Phosphate (na(h2po4))

    19. Sodium;dihydrogen Phosphate

    20. Sodium Biphosphate, Anhydrous

    21. Sodium Orthophosphate Monobasic

    22. Nah2po4

    23. Sodium Phosphate,monobasic

    24. Kh7i04hpuu

    25. Sodium Phosphate, Monobasic Anhydrous

    26. Ins No.339(i)

    27. Chebi:37585

    28. Sodium Phosphate, Monobasic, Anhydrous

    29. Monosodium Dihydrogen Monophosphate

    30. Ins-339(i)

    31. Mfcd00003527

    32. Sodium Phosphate Monobasic (anhydrate)

    33. Sodium Phosphate Monobasic (anhydrous)

    34. 89140-32-9

    35. E-339(i)

    36. Phosphoric Acid, Monosodium Salt, Anhydrous

    37. Monosorb Xp-4

    38. Phosphoric Acid, Sodium Salt

    39. Primary Sodium Phosphate

    40. Mfcd00146206

    41. Sodium Biphosphate Anhydrous

    42. Monosodium Hydrogen Phosphate

    43. Sodium Phosphate (nah2po4)

    44. Sodium Orthophosphate, Primary

    45. Sodium Dihydrogen Monophosphate

    46. Hsdb 738

    47. Einecs 231-449-2

    48. Unii-kh7i04hpuu

    49. Sodium Dihydrogen Phosphate (1:2:1)

    50. Sodium Monobasic Phosphate (nah2po4)

    51. Sodium Dihydrogen Phosphate (nah2po4)

    52. Phosphosoda

    53. Buromin

    54. Clicolon

    55. Armite

    56. Instant Calgon

    57. Sodiumdihydrogenphosphate-16o4

    58. Turrixin St

    59. Hy-phos

    60. Hemisodium Phosphate

    61. Sodium Phosphate Monobasic, Anhydrous

    62. Sodium Phosphate Glass

    63. Sodiumdihydrogenphosphate

    64. Sodium Dihydrogenphoshate

    65. Sodium Dihydrogenphospate

    66. Sodium Dihydrogenphosphat

    67. Sodiumdihydrogen Phosphate

    68. Natriumdihydrogen-phosphate

    69. Sodium Dihydrogen-phosphate

    70. Sodium Phosphate Mono-basic

    71. Ec 231-449-2

    72. Unii-se337svy37

    73. Sodium Salt Of Phosphoric Acid

    74. Inkp 100

    75. Inkp-100

    76. Se337svy37

    77. Dtxsid7035222

    78. Sodium Phosphate Monobasic Solution

    79. Sodium Phosphate, Monobasic (usp)

    80. Anhydrous Monobasic Sodium Phosphate

    81. Einecs 231-558-5

    82. Sodium Dihydrogenphosphate (granular)

    83. Phosphoric Acid, Sodium Salt (1:?)

    84. Phosphoric Acid, Sodium Salt (1:1)

    85. Akos024433265

    86. At32901

    87. Db09449

    88. Sodium Phosphate Monobasic [hsdb]

    89. Sodium Phosphate Monobasic, Ar, >=98%

    90. Sodium Phosphate Monobasic, Lr, >=97%

    91. Sodium Phosphate, Monobasic [mi]

    92. E339

    93. Sodium Phosphate,monobasic [vandf]

    94. Phosphate, 0.2m Buffer Solution, Ph 4.4

    95. Phosphate, 0.2m Buffer Solution, Ph 6.8

    96. Phosphate, 0.2m Buffer Solution, Ph 7.0

    97. Phosphate, 0.2m Buffer Solution, Ph 7.2

    98. Phosphate, 0.2m Buffer Solution, Ph 7.4

    99. Phosphate, 0.2m Buffer Solution, Ph 7.5

    100. Phosphate, 0.2m Buffer Solution, Ph 7.6

    101. Phosphate, 0.5m Buffer Solution, Ph 6.5

    102. Phosphate, 0.5m Buffer Solution, Ph 7.0

    103. Phosphate, 0.5m Buffer Solution, Ph 7.2

    104. Phosphate, 0.5m Buffer Solution, Ph 7.4

    105. Phosphate, 0.5m Buffer Solution, Ph 8.0

    106. Phosphate, 0.5m Buffer Solution, Ph 8.5

    107. Phosphate, 0.5m Buffer Solution, Ph 9.0

    108. B7779

    109. Ft-0698935

    110. Sodium Phosphate Monobasic, For Hplc, 99%

    111. D04400

    112. Sodium Phosphate Monobasic, Bioxtra, >=99.0%

    113. Q415877

    114. Sodium Phosphate Monobasic, Usp, 98.0-103.0%

    115. Sodium Phosphate, 0.2m Buffer Solution, Ph 7.0

    116. Sodium Phosphate, 0.2m Buffer Solution, Ph 7.2

    117. Sodium Phosphate, 0.2m Buffer Solution, Ph 7.4

    118. Sodium Phosphate, 0.2m Buffer Solution, Ph 7.5

    119. Sodium Phosphate, 0.2m Buffer Solution, Ph 7.6

    120. Sodium Phosphate, 0.2m Buffer Solution, Ph 8.0

    121. Sodium Phosphate, 0.2m Buffer Solution, Ph 8.5

    122. Sodium Phosphate, 0.2m Buffer Solution, Ph 9.0

    123. Sodium Phosphate, 0.2m Buffer Solution, Ph 9.5

    124. Sodium Phosphate, 0.5m Buffer Solution, Ph 7.0

    125. Sodium Phosphate, 0.5m Buffer Solution, Ph 7.5

    126. Sodium Phosphate, 0.5m Buffer Solution, Ph 7.6

    127. Sodium Phosphate, 0.5m Buffer Solution, Ph 8.0

    128. Sodium Phosphate, 0.5m Buffer Solution, Ph 8.5

    129. Sodium Phosphate, 0.5m Buffer Solution, Ph 9.0

    130. Sodium Phosphate, 0.5m Buffer Solution, Ph 9.5

    131. Sodium Phosphate, Monobasic, Anhydrous [ii]

    132. 2-methyl-3-(pyridin-4-ylmethyl)quinazolin-4(3h)-one

    133. Sodium Phosphate Monobasic, Reagentplus(r), >=99.0%

    134. Sodium Phosphate Monobasic (anhydrous) [who-dd]

    135. Sodium Phosphate Monobasic, 99.999% Trace Metals Basis

    136. Sodium Phosphate Monobasic Solution, Bioultra, 5 M In H2o

    137. Sodium Phosphate Monobasic, Vetec(tm) Reagent Grade, 99%

    138. Sodium Phosphate, Monobasic Anhydrous [orange Book]

    139. Sodium Phosphate, Monobasic, Anhydrous [orange Book]

    140. Sodium Phosphate Monobasic, Saj First Grade, 98.0-101.0%

    141. Sodium Phosphate Monobasic, Saj Special Grade, 99.0-101.0%

    142. Sodium Phosphate Monobasic, Purum P.a., Anhydrous, >=99.0% (t)

    143. Sodium Phosphate Monobasic, Meets Usp Testing Specifications, Anhydrous

    144. Sodium Phosphate Monobasic, Anhydrous, Free-flowing, Redi-dri(tm), >=99.0%

    145. Sodium Phosphate Monobasic, Bioreagent, For Molecular Biology, Anhydrous, >=98%

    146. Sodium Phosphate Monobasic, Biotechnology Performance Certified, Cell Culture Tested

    147. Sodium Phosphate Monobasic Molecular Biology Grade, Suitable For Cell Culture, Insect Cell Culture, And Plant Cell Culture

    148. Sodium Phosphate Monobasic, Bioperformance Certified, Suitable For Cell Culture, Suitable For Insect Cell Culture, Suitable For Plant Cell Culture, >=99.0% (titration)

    2.4 Create Date
    2008-02-05
    3 Chemical and Physical Properties
    Molecular Weight 119.977 g/mol
    Molecular Formula H2NaO4P
    Hydrogen Bond Donor Count2
    Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count4
    Rotatable Bond Count0
    Exact Mass119.95883982 g/mol
    Monoisotopic Mass119.95883982 g/mol
    Topological Polar Surface Area80.6 Ų
    Heavy Atom Count6
    Formal Charge0
    Complexity61.9
    Isotope Atom Count0
    Defined Atom Stereocenter Count0
    Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count0
    Defined Bond Stereocenter Count0
    Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count0
    Covalently Bonded Unit Count2
    4 Drug and Medication Information
    4.1 Therapeutic Uses

    Visicol Tablets are indicated for cleansing of the colon as a preparation for colonoscopy in adults 18 years of age or older. /Included in US product label; sodium phosphate, monobasic, monohydrate and sodium phosphate, dibasic anhydrous/

    NIH; DailyMed. Current Medication Information for VISICOL (sodium phosphate, monobasic, monohydrate and sodium phosphate, dibasic anhydrous) tablet (December, 2010). Available from, as of October 3, 2014: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=57ccd52e-5b13-4b39-8aa0-ebecc49a7db4

    To determine whether phosphate supplementation, started soon after birth in adequate quantity, would prevent rickets in very low birth weight infants with prenatal deficiency of phosphate, 40 neonates were given an initial dose of 50 mg/day of phosphate administered as a mixture of 189 g of sodium phosphate dibasic (disodium hydrogen phosphate) and 82 g of sodium phosphate monobasic (sodium dihydrogen phosphate) made up to 2 liters with single strength chloroform water or placebo (single strength chloroform water). Supplementation was increased to 37.5 mg every 12 hr if the plasma phosphate concentration remained less than 1.5 mmol/L after one wk. Results showed that no infant receiving phosphate supplements had radiological evidence of rickets whereas bone changes were apparent in 42% of the control group. It was concluded that prenatal deficiency of phosphate, due to placental insufficiency, can be corrected by phosphate supplementation, thereby preventing rickets of prematurity.

    PMID:1969066 Holland PC et al; Lancet 335: 697-701 (1990)

    The objective of this study was to determine the safety and efficacy of 0.15 mmol/kg phosphorus (PHOS), administered intravenously as sodium or potassium phosphate over 120 minutes, in the treatment of adults suffering from severe hypophosphatemia. Severe hypophosphatemia was defined as a serum PHOS concentration of /LE/ 1.5 mg/dL. Exclusion criteria were renal impairment and hypercalcemia. Patient assessments included mental status, heart rate, and blood pressure. The timing of post-infusion serum PHOS sampling was at physician discretion. Six men and four women were enrolled in the study. During the study period, the only parenteral PHOS administered was the study dose. There were no patient adverse events associated with PHOS administration. One patient who received potassium phosphates had an elevated post-infusion serum potassium (5.2 mEq). Serum PHOS increased above the study criteria for severe hypophosphatemia in all ten patients, although nine patients received concomitant oral PHOS supplements. The dosing of intravenous sodium or potassium phosphate in the treatment of patients with severe hypophosphatemia is empiric. Historical evidence of toxicity has caused dosing recommendations to be low and slow. These data demonstrate the safety of a moderate PHOS dose when administered over two hours to adults, as measured by patient mental status, vital signs, and blood chemistry analysis.

    Rice TL, Alaniz C; ASHP Midyear Clinical Meeting 26: PCR-13 (1991)

    Sixty patients were randomly divided into three groups of 20 each. Each group was submitted to a bowel preparation with one of the following solutions: 10% manitol, sodium picosulfate or sodium phosphate. The parameters evaluated were: taste, tolerance, associated side effects and quality of cleansing. Postural blood pressure and pulse rate as well as serum sodium, potassium, calcium and phosphate were compared. ... Sodium phosphate and 10% manitol solutions provided superior results in terms of colon cleansing compared to sodium picosulfate solution...

    PMID:18516457 Miki P Jr et al; Acta Cir Bras 23 (Supp 1): 108-11 (2008)

    For more Therapeutic Uses (Complete) data for SODIUM DIHYDROGEN PHOSPHATE (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

    4.2 Drug Warning

    /BOXED WARNING/ There have been rare, but serious reports of acute phosphate nephropathy in patients who received oral sodium phosphate products for colon cleansing prior to colonoscopy. Some cases have resulted in permanent impairment of renal function and some patients required long-term dialysis. While some cases have occurred in patients without identifiable risk factors, patients at increased risk of acute phosphate nephropathy may include those with increased age, hypovolemia, increased bowel transit time (such as bowel obstruction), active colitis, or baseline kidney disease, and those using medicines that affect renal perfusion or function (such as diuretics, angiotensin converting enzyme [ACE] inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers [ARBs], and possibly nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs [NSAIDs]).

    NIH; DailyMed. Current Medication Information for VISICOL (sodium phosphate, monobasic, monohydrate and sodium phosphate, dibasic anhydrous) tablet (December, 2010). Available from, as of October 3, 2014: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=57ccd52e-5b13-4b39-8aa0-ebecc49a7db4

    FDA has become aware of reports of acute phosphate nephropathy, a type of acute kidney injury, associated with the use of oral sodium phosphate products (OSP) for bowel cleansing prior to colonoscopy or other procedures. These products include the prescription products, Visicol and OsmoPrep, and OSPs available over-the-counter without a prescription as laxatives (e.g., Fleet Phospho-soda). In some cases when used for bowel cleansing, these serious adverse events have occurred in patients without identifiable factors that would put them at risk for developing acute kidney injury. We cannot rule out, however, that some of these patients were dehydrated prior to ingestion of OSPs or they did not drink sufficient fluids after ingesting OSP. Acute phosphate nephropathy is a form of acute kidney injury that is associated with deposits of calcium-phosphate crystals in the renal tubules that may result in permanent renal function impairment. Acute phosphate nephropathy is a rare, serious adverse event that has been associated with the use of OSPs. The occurrence of these events was previously described in an Information for Healthcare Professionals sheet and an FDA Science Paper issued in May 2006. Additional cases of acute phosphate nephropathy have been reported to FDA and described in the literature since these were issued. Individuals who appear to have an increased risk of acute phosphate nephropathy following the use of OSPs include persons: who are over age 55; who are hypovolemic or have decreased intravascular volume; who have baseline kidney disease, bowel obstruction, or active colitis; and who are using medications that affect renal perfusion or function (such as diuretics, angiotensin converting enzyme [ACE] inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers [ARBs], and possibly nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs [NSAIDs]). As a result of new safety information received, FDA is requiring the manufacturer of Visicol and OsmoPrep, the two OSPs available by prescription only, to add a Boxed Warning to the labeling for these products. FDA is also requiring that the manufacturer develop and implement a risk evaluation and mitigation strategy (REMS), which will include a Medication Guide, to ensure that the benefits of these products outweigh the risk of acute phosphate nephropathy, and to conduct a postmarketing clinical trial to further assess the risk of acute kidney injury with use of these products. /Sodium phosphate, monobasic, monohydrate and sodium phosphate, dibasic anhydrous/

    FDA/CDER; FDA Alert: Oral Sodium Phosphate (OSP) Products for Bowel Cleansing (marketed as Visicol and OsmoPrep, and oral sodium phosphate products available without a prescription) (12/11/2008). Available from, as of January 28, 2014: https://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/PostmarketDrugSafetyInformationforPatientsandProviders/ucm126084.htm

    Sodium phosphate and 10% mannitol solutions provided superior results in terms of colon cleansing compared to sodium picosulfate solution. All serum electrolytes evaluated were significantly altered in the three groups, without important clinical signs. High levels of serum phosphate were the most striking alteration in patients prepared with sodium phosphate solution, again with no clinical signs. Variations related to blood pressure and pulse rate suggested contraction of intravascular volume, with no clinical effects.

    PMID:18516457 Miki P Jr et al; Acta Cir Bras 23 (Supp 1): 108-11 (2008)

    Fifteen male subjects received 50 mL of commerical laxative containing 24 g of sodium biphosphate (sodium phosphate monobasic) and 6 g of sodium phosphate (sodium phosphate dibasic; I) (7 g of elemental phosphorus) administered with 500 mL of water and 11 patients received 300 mL of magnesium citrate (II) containing 3.2 g of elemental magnesium. Patients ranged in age from 26 to 86 yr. Serum magnesium, calcium, phosphorus, total protein, and albumin were determined before and at various intervals up to 16 hr after administration of the laxative and prior to radiological study. The administration of I in conventional doses to normal subjects prior to barium enema resulted in a striking increase in serum phosphorus levels followed by a decline in serum calcium levels in all subjects. Changes were highly significant when compared with control subjects who were prepared for the same procedure with II. Levels of serum potassium also decreased significantly but not serum sodium, chloride, bicarbonate, or magnesium. It would seem wise to caution against the use of phosphate containing laxatives in the presence of severe renal insufficiency, hypocalcemia, or convulsive disorders. In patients who are receiving frequent, repetitive dosages because of difficulty in cleansing the bowel for radiological procedures, serum calcium should be closely monitored. /Sodium phosphate, monobasic, monohydrate and sodium phosphate, dibasic anhydrous/

    PMID:666471 Wiberg JJ et al; Arch Intern Med 138: 1114-6 (1978)

    For more Drug Warnings (Complete) data for SODIUM DIHYDROGEN PHOSPHATE (39 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

    4.3 Minimum/Potential Fatal Human Dose

    The estimated fatal dose of sodium phosphates is 50 g.

    Dreisbach, R.H. Handbook of Poisoning. 12th ed. Norwalk, CT: Appleton and Lange, 1987., p. 212

    4.4 Drug Indication

    Used to treat constipation or to clean the bowel before a colonoscopy.

    FDA Label

    5 Pharmacology and Biochemistry
    5.1 Pharmacology

    Sodium phosphate inceases fecal water content to increase mobility through the large intestine.

    5.2 Absorption, Distribution and Excretion

    Absorption

    Tmax for phosphate absorption with orally administered liquid sodium phosphate is 1-3h.

    ... Phosphates are slowly and incompletely absorbed ... . /Dibasic and monobasic sodium phosphate/

    Gosselin, R.E., R.P. Smith, H.C. Hodge. Clinical Toxicology of Commercial Products. 5th ed. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins, 1984., p. II-120

    Intravenously infused phosphorus not taken up by the tissues is excreted almost entirely in the urine. Plasma phosphorus is believed to be filterable by the renal glomeruli, and the major portion of filtered phosphorus (greater than 80%) is actively reabsorbed by the tubules. Many modifying influences tend to alter the amount excreted in the urine.

    US Natl Inst Health; DailyMed. Current Medication Information for Sodium Phosphates (Sodium Phosphate) Injection (June 2006). Available from, as of March 20, 2009: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?id=1758

    An open-label pharmacokinetic study of Visicol in healthy volunteers was performed to determine the concentration-time profile of serum inorganic phosphorus levels after Visicol administration. All subjects received a total of 60 grams of sodium phosphate with a total liquid volume of 3.6 quarts. Subjects received a 30 gram dose (20 tablets given as 3 tablets every 15 minutes with 8 ounces of clear liquids) beginning at 6 PM and then received a second 30 gram dose (20 tablets given as 3 tablets every 15 minutes with 8 ounces of clear liquids) the following morning beginning at 6 AM. Twenty-three healthy subjects (mean age 57 years old; 57% male and 43% female; and 65% Hispanic, 30% Caucasian, and 4% African-American) participated in this pharmacokinetic study. The serum phosphorus level rose from a mean (+/- standard deviation) baseline of 4.0 (+/- 0.7) mg/dL to 7.7 (+/- 1.6 mg/dL), at a median of 3 hours after the administration of the first 30 gram dose of Visicol tablets The serum phosphorus level rose to a mean of 8.4 (+/- 1.9) mg/dL, at a median of 4 hours after the administration of the second 30 gram dose of Visicol tablets. The serum phosphorus level remained above baseline for a median of 24 hours after the administration of the initial dose of Visicol tablets (range 16 to 48 hours).

    US Natl Inst Health; DailyMed. Current Medication Information for VISICOL (sodium phosphate, monobasic, monohydrate and sodium phosphate, dibasic anhydrous) tablet (November 2008). Available from, as of March 20, 2009: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?id=1758

    5.3 Mechanism of Action

    Sodium phosphate is thought to work by increasing the amount of solute present in the intestinal lumen thereby creating an osmotic gradient which draws water into the lumen.

    ... /Promotes/ defecation by retaining water in the intestinal lumen through osmotic forces. ... May also act by stimulating release of cholecystokinin. /Sodium phosphate & sodium biphosphate (Fleet's enema & Fleet's Phospho-soda)/

    Miller, R. R., and D. J. Greenblatt. Handbook of Drug Therapy. New York: Elsevier North Holland, 1979., p. 1055

    Phosphorus in the form of organic and inorganic phosphate has a variety of important biochemical functions in the body and is involved in many significant metabolic and enzyme reactions in almost all organs and tissues. It exerts a modifying influence on the steady state of calcium levels, a buffering effect on acid-base equilibrium and a primary role in the renal excretion of hydrogen ion.

    US Natl Inst Health; DailyMed. Current Medication Information for Sodium Phosphates (Sodium Phosphate) Injection (June 2006). Available from, as of March 20, 2009: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?id=1758

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