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Chemistry

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Also known as: 23651-95-8, L-dops, Dops, Northera, 3916-18-5, (2s,3r)-2-amino-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxypropanoic acid
Molecular Formula
C9H11NO5
Molecular Weight
213.19  g/mol
InChI Key
QXWYKJLNLSIPIN-JGVFFNPUSA-N
FDA UNII
24A0V01WKS

Droxidopa
A synthetic precursor of norepinephrine that is used in the treatment of PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS and ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION.
The physiologic effect of droxidopa is by means of Increased Blood Pressure.
1 2D Structure

Droxidopa

2 Identification
2.1 Computed Descriptors
2.1.1 IUPAC Name
(2S,3R)-2-amino-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxypropanoic acid
2.1.2 InChI
InChI=1S/C9H11NO5/c10-7(9(14)15)8(13)4-1-2-5(11)6(12)3-4/h1-3,7-8,11-13H,10H2,(H,14,15)/t7-,8+/m0/s1
2.1.3 InChI Key
QXWYKJLNLSIPIN-JGVFFNPUSA-N
2.1.4 Canonical SMILES
C1=CC(=C(C=C1C(C(C(=O)O)N)O)O)O
2.1.5 Isomeric SMILES
C1=CC(=C(C=C1[C@H]([C@@H](C(=O)O)N)O)O)O
2.2 Other Identifiers
2.2.1 UNII
24A0V01WKS
2.3 Synonyms
2.3.1 MeSH Synonyms

1. 3,4 Dihydroxyphenylserine

2. 3,4 Threo Dops

3. 3,4-dihydroxyphenylserine

4. 3,4-threo-dops

5. Dl Threo 3,4 Dihydroxyphenylserine

6. Dl-threo-3,4-dihydroxyphenylserine

7. Droxidopa, (dl-tyr)-isomer

8. Erythro 3,4 Dihydroxyphenylserine

9. Erythro-3,4-dihydroxyphenylserine

10. Threo Dops

11. Threo-dops

2.3.2 Depositor-Supplied Synonyms

1. 23651-95-8

2. L-dops

3. Dops

4. Northera

5. 3916-18-5

6. (2s,3r)-2-amino-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxypropanoic Acid

7. Dl-threo-droxidopa

8. Dl-threo-3,4-dihydroxyphenylserine

9. Dl-threo-dops

10. Threo-dopaserine

11. L-threodops

12. L-threo-dops

13. Dl-threo-dihydroxyphenylserine

14. Threo-dihydroxyphenylserine

15. Sm 5688

16. Chebi:31524

17. L-dihydroxyphenylserine

18. Droxidopa (l-dops)

19. Serine, 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-, Dl-threo-

20. L-threo-dihydroxyphenylserine

21. 24a0v01wks

22. J7a92w69l7

23. Dl-threo-beta-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)serine

24. Droxydopa

25. L-threo-3,4-dihydroxyphenylserine

26. Norethra

27. Droxidopa [latin]

28. Threo-beta,3-dihydroxy-dl-tyrosine

29. Einecs 223-480-5

30. Beta,3-dihydroxy-dl-tyrosine Threo-

31. 3,4-dihydroxyphenylserine

32. Brn 2852792

33. Droxidopum

34. L-tyrosine, Beta,3-dihydroxy-, Threo-

35. Unii-24a0v01wks

36. Dl-threo-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)serine

37. Droxidopa [usan:inn:jan]

38. Unii-j7a92w69l7

39. (2rs,3rs)-2-amino-3-(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-3-hydroxy-propionic Acid

40. L-threo 3,4-dihydroxyphenylserine

41. Northera (tn)

42. L-threo Dops

43. Dops (tn)

44. L-threo-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)serine

45. Dl-tyrosine, Beta,3-dihydroxy-, Threo-

46. Droxidopa [inn]

47. Droxidopa [jan]

48. Droxidopa [mi]

49. Threo-2-amino-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxypropionic Acid

50. Droxidopa [usan]

51. Dl-tyrosine, .beta.,3-dihydroxy-, Threo-

52. Droxidopa [vandf]

53. (-)-(2s,3r)-2-amino-3-hydroxy-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propionic Acid

54. Droxidopa [mart.]

55. Droxidopa [who-dd]

56. 1-14-00-00685 (beilstein Handbook Reference)

57. 1260173-94-1

58. Schembl134299

59. Gtpl7391

60. Droxidopa (jp17/usan/inn)

61. Droxidopa [orange Book]

62. Chembl2103827

63. Dtxsid6046422

64. Droxidopa (l-dops,sm-5688)

65. Dtxsid201017236

66. Bcp06516

67. Zinc1482049

68. Bdbm50103611

69. Mfcd00799030

70. S3041

71. Sm5688

72. (betar)-beta,3-dihydroxy-l-tyrosine

73. L-dops, >=98% (hplc)

74. (2s,3r)-3,4-dihydroxy-phenylserine

75. Akos015889899

76. Ccg-222060

77. Db06262

78. Sm-5688

79. Ncgc00344531-04

80. As-61328

81. Hy-13458

82. L-tyrosine, Beta,3-dihydroxy-, (betar)-

83. D4235

84. L-tyrosine, Beta,3-dihydroxy-, (beta-r)-

85. Threo-3,4-dihydroxyphenylserine, L-

86. 3,4-dihydroxyphenylserine-threo, Dl-

87. Dl-threo- Beta -(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)serine

88. (-)-threo-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-l-serine

89. D01277

90. D90266

91. Serine, 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-, L-threo-

92. Ab01566868_01

93. 916a185

94. A816824

95. Q907853

96. Sr-01000883755

97. Q-201050

98. Sr-01000883755-1

99. L-tyrosine, .beta.,3-dihydroxy-, (.beta.r)-

100. D-tyrosine, .beta.,3-dihydroxy-, (.beta.s)-rel-

101. 23651-95-8,1260173-94-1(hcl)

102. (2s,3r)-2-amino-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxypropionic Acid

103. (2s,3r)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic Acid

104. (-)-(2s,3r)-2-amino-3-hydroxy-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoic Acid

105. (2rs,3rs)-2-amino-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxy-propanoic Acid

106. (-)-(2s,3r)-2-amino-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxypropanoic Acid

2.4 Create Date
2005-08-08
3 Chemical and Physical Properties
Molecular Weight 213.19 g/mol
Molecular Formula C9H11NO5
XLogP3-3.2
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count5
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count6
Rotatable Bond Count3
Exact Mass213.06372245 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass213.06372245 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area124 Ų
Heavy Atom Count15
Formal Charge0
Complexity235
Isotope Atom Count0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count2
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count0
Covalently Bonded Unit Count1
4 Drug and Medication Information
4.1 Drug Information
1 of 2  
Drug NameNorthera
PubMed HealthDroxidopa (Oral route)
Drug ClassesAdrenergic, Vasopressor
Drug LabelNORTHERA capsules contain droxidopa, which is a synthetic amino acid precursor of norepinephrine, for oral administration. Chemically, droxidopa is ()-threo-3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-L-serine. It has the following structural formula:Droxidopa is...
Active IngredientDroxidopa
Dosage FormCapsule
RouteOral
Strength200mg; 300mg; 100mg
Market StatusPrescription
CompanyLundbeck Na

2 of 2  
Drug NameNorthera
PubMed HealthDroxidopa (Oral route)
Drug ClassesAdrenergic, Vasopressor
Drug LabelNORTHERA capsules contain droxidopa, which is a synthetic amino acid precursor of norepinephrine, for oral administration. Chemically, droxidopa is ()-threo-3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-L-serine. It has the following structural formula:Droxidopa is...
Active IngredientDroxidopa
Dosage FormCapsule
RouteOral
Strength200mg; 300mg; 100mg
Market StatusPrescription
CompanyLundbeck Na

4.2 Drug Indication

For treatment of neurogenic orthostatic hypotension (NOH) associated with various disorders including Multiple System Atrophy, Familial Amyloid Polyneuropathy, hemodialysis induced hypotension and Parkinson's Disease. Also investigated for use/treatment in neurologic disorders, nephropathy, blood (blood forming organ disorders, unspecified), and dizzy/fainting spells.


5 Pharmacology and Biochemistry
5.1 Pharmacology

Droxidopa is an orally active synthetic precursor of norepinephrine that increases the deficient supply of norepinephrine in patients with NOH, thereby improving orthostatic blood pressure and alleviating associated symptoms of lightheadedness, dizziness, blurred vision, and syncope through the induction of tachycardia (increased heart rate) and hypertension.


5.2 MeSH Pharmacological Classification

Antiparkinson Agents

Agents used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. The most commonly used drugs act on the dopaminergic system in the striatum and basal ganglia or are centrally acting muscarinic antagonists. (See all compounds classified as Antiparkinson Agents.)


5.3 FDA Pharmacological Classification
5.3.1 Active Moiety
DROXIDOPA
5.3.2 FDA UNII
J7A92W69L7
5.3.3 Pharmacological Classes
Increased Blood Pressure [PE]; Catecholamines [CS]
5.4 ATC Code

C - Cardiovascular system

C01 - Cardiac therapy

C01C - Cardiac stimulants excl. cardiac glycosides

C01CA - Adrenergic and dopaminergic agents

C01CA27 - Droxidopa


5.5 Absorption, Distribution and Excretion

Absorption

Oral bioavailability is 90%.


Route of Elimination

Droxidopa is mainly excreted in the urine, with the main metabolite being 3-O-methyldihydroxyphenylserine.


5.6 Metabolism/Metabolites

Droxidopa is metabolized by aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase.


5.7 Biological Half-Life

2-3 hours.


5.8 Mechanism of Action

Droxidopa crosses the blood-brain barrier where it is converted to norepinephrine via decarboxylation by L-aromatic-amino-acid decarboxylase. Norephinephrine acts at alpha-adrenergic receptors as a vasoconstrictor and at beta-adrenergic receptors as a heart stimulator and artery dilator.


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ABOUT THIS PAGE

Northera Manufacturers

A Northera manufacturer is defined as any person or entity involved in the manufacture, preparation, processing, compounding or propagation of Northera, including repackagers and relabelers. The FDA regulates Northera manufacturers to ensure that their products comply with relevant laws and regulations and are safe and effective to use. Northera API Manufacturers are required to adhere to Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) to ensure that their products are consistently manufactured to meet established quality criteria.

click here to find a list of Northera manufacturers with USDMF, JDMF, KDMF, CEP, GMP, COA and API Price related information on PhamaCompass.

Northera Suppliers

A Northera supplier is an individual or a company that provides Northera active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) or Northera finished formulations upon request. The Northera suppliers may include Northera API manufacturers, exporters, distributors and traders.

click here to find a list of Northera suppliers with USDMF, JDMF, KDMF, CEP, GMP, COA and API Price related information on PharmaCompass.

Northera USDMF

A Northera DMF (Drug Master File) is a document detailing the whole manufacturing process of Northera active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) in detail. Different forms of Northera DMFs exist exist since differing nations have different regulations, such as Northera USDMF, ASMF (EDMF), JDMF, CDMF, etc.

A Northera DMF submitted to regulatory agencies in the US is known as a USDMF. Northera USDMF includes data on Northera's chemical properties, information on the facilities and procedures used, and details about packaging and storage. The Northera USDMF is kept confidential to protect the manufacturer’s intellectual property.

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Northera JDMF

The Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency (PMDA) established the Japan Drug Master File (JDMF), also known as the Master File (MF), to permit Japanese and foreign manufacturers of drug substances, intermediates, excipients, raw materials, and packaging materials (‘Products’) to voluntarily register confidential information about the production and management of their products in Japan.

The Northera Drug Master File in Japan (Northera JDMF) empowers Northera API manufacturers to present comprehensive information (e.g., production methods, data, etc.) to the review authority, i.e., PMDA (Pharmaceuticals & Medical Devices Agency).

PMDA reviews the Northera JDMF during the approval evaluation for pharmaceutical products. At the time of Northera JDMF registration, PMDA checks if the format is accurate, if the necessary items have been included (application), and if data has been attached.

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Northera KDMF

In Korea, the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS) is in charge of regulating pharmaceutical products and services.

Pharmaceutical companies submit a Northera Drug Master File in Korea (Northera KDMF) to the MFDS, which includes comprehensive information about the production, processing, facilities, materials, packaging, and testing of Northera. The MFDS reviews the Northera KDMF as part of the drug registration process and uses the information provided in the Northera KDMF to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the drug.

After submitting a Northera KDMF to the MFDS, the registered manufacturer can provide importers or distributors with the registration number without revealing confidential information to Korean business partners. Applicants seeking to register their Northera API can apply through the Korea Drug Master File (KDMF).

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Northera WC

A Northera written confirmation (Northera WC) is an official document issued by a regulatory agency to a Northera manufacturer, verifying that the manufacturing facility of a Northera active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) adheres to the Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) regulations of the importing country. When exporting Northera APIs or Northera finished pharmaceutical products to another nation, regulatory agencies frequently require a Northera WC (written confirmation) as part of the regulatory process.

click here to find a list of Northera suppliers with Written Confirmation (WC) on PharmaCompass.

Northera NDC

National Drug Code is a comprehensive database maintained by the FDA that contains information on all drugs marketed in the US. This directory includes information about finished drug products, unfinished drug products, and compounded drug products, including those containing Northera as an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API).

Finished drug products

The FDA updates the NDC directory daily. The NDC numbers for Northera API and other APIs are published in this directory by the FDA.

Unfinished drugs

The NDC unfinished drugs database includes product listing information submitted for all unfinished drugs, such as active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), drugs intended for further processing and bulk drug substances for compounding.

Pharmaceutical companies that manufacture Northera as an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) must furnish the FDA with an updated record of all drugs that they produce, prepare, propagate, compound, or process for commercial distribution in the US at their facilities.

Compounded drug products

The NDC directory also contains data on finished compounded human drug products that contain Northera and are produced by outsourcing facilities. While these outsourcing facilities are not mandated to assign a Northera NDC to their finished compounded human drug products, they may choose to do so.

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Northera GMP

Northera Active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) is produced in GMP-certified manufacturing facility.

GMP stands for Good Manufacturing Practices, which is a system used in the pharmaceutical industry to make sure that goods are regularly produced and monitored in accordance with quality standards. The FDA’s current Good Manufacturing Practices requirements are referred to as cGMP or current GMP which indicates that the company follows the most recent GMP specifications. The World Health Organization (WHO) has its own set of GMP guidelines, called the WHO GMP. Different countries can also set their own guidelines for GMP like China (Chinese GMP) or the EU (EU GMP).

PharmaCompass offers a list of Northera GMP manufacturers, exporters & distributors, which can be sorted by USDMF, JDMF, KDMF, CEP (COS), WC, API price, and more, enabling you to easily find the right Northera GMP manufacturer or Northera GMP API supplier for your needs.

Northera CoA

A Northera CoA (Certificate of Analysis) is a formal document that attests to Northera's compliance with Northera specifications and serves as a tool for batch-level quality control.

Northera CoA mostly includes findings from lab analyses of a specific batch. For each Northera CoA document that a company creates, the USFDA specifies specific requirements, such as supplier information, material identification, transportation data, evidence of conformity and signature data.

Northera may be tested according to a variety of international standards, such as European Pharmacopoeia (Northera EP), Northera JP (Japanese Pharmacopeia) and the US Pharmacopoeia (Northera USP).

Inform the supplier about your product requirements, specifying if you need a product with particular monograph like EP (Ph. Eur.), USP, JP, BP, or any other quality. In addition, clarify whether you need hydrochloride (HCl), anhydricum, base, micronisatum or a specific level of purity. To find reputable suppliers, utilize the filters and select those certified by GMP, FDA, or any other certification as per your requirement.
For your convenience, we have listed synonyms and CAS numbers to help you find the best supplier. The use of synonyms and CAS numbers can be helpful in identifying potential suppliers, but it is crucial to note that they might not always indicate the exact same product. It is important to confirm the product details with the supplier before making a purchase to ensure that it meets your requirements.
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