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1. Sulphuric Acid
2. 7664-93-9
3. Dihydrogen Sulfate
4. Oil Of Vitriol
5. Mattling Acid
6. Battery Acid
7. Dipping Acid
8. Acide Sulfurique
9. Electrolyte Acid
10. Acidum Sulfuricum
11. Sulphuricum Acidum
12. Vitriol Brown Oil
13. Tetraoxosulfuric Acid
14. Acido Solforico
15. Acido Sulfurico
16. Schwefelsaeureloesungen
17. Brimstone Acid
18. H2so4
19. Zwavelzuuroplossingen
20. Sulfuric Acid [nf]
21. Sulfuric Acid Concentrate
22. Dihydrogen Sulphate
23. Sulfuric Acid Solution
24. Chebi:26836
25. Anhydrous Sulfuric Acid
26. Mfcd00064589
27. Nsc-38965
28. O40uqp6wcf
29. Nsc-248648
30. Ins No.513
31. Bov
32. Ins-513
33. Sulfuric Acid (nf)
34. Acid Detergent Solution
35. Schwefelsaeure
36. E513
37. E-513
38. Oil Of Vitreol
39. Sulfuric Acid, Acs Grade
40. Caswell No. 815
41. Sulfuricacid
42. H2 (s O4)
43. Acide Sulfurique [french]
44. Acido Solforico [italian]
45. Acido Sulfurico [spanish]
46. Zwavelzuuroplossingen [dutch]
47. Sulfuric Acid, Spent
48. Sulfuric Acid, Acs Reagent, 95.0-98.0%
49. Schwefelsaeureloesungen [german]
50. Hsdb 1811
51. Sulfur Oxide (so4)
52. Oil Of Vitriol Solution; Hydrogen Sulfate Solution
53. Einecs 231-639-5
54. Unii-o40uqp6wcf
55. Un1830
56. Un1832
57. Epa Pesticide Chemical Code 078001
58. Opsonat
59. Suiphuric Acid
60. Sulfuric Aicd
61. Sulfuric-acid
62. Nordhausen Acid
63. Suifuric Acid
64. Matting Acid
65. Sulphur-ic Acid
66. G-sulfuric Acid
67. Spirit Of Alum
68. Vitriol, Oil Of
69. Spirit Of Vitriol
70. So4
71. Un2796
72. Sulfuric Acid 50%
73. 12772-98-4
74. 4.1m Sulfuric Acid
75. Dihydroxidodioxidosulfur
76. Sulfuric Acid, 60%
77. Sulfuric Acid, 96%
78. Sulfuric Acid, 98%
79. Dihydrogen Tetraoxosulfate
80. Sulfuric Acid [strong Inorganic Acid Mists Containing Sulfuric Acid]
81. Dsstox_cid_9683
82. Sulfuric Acid Reagent Acs
83. Ec 231-639-5
84. Sulfuric Acid [ii]
85. Sulfuric Acid [mi]
86. Sulfuric Acid, 95-99%
87. Dsstox_rid_78807
88. Hydrogen Tetraoxosulfate(vi)
89. Nciopen2_006177
90. Sulfuric Acid [fcc]
91. Dsstox_gsid_29683
92. Hydrogen Tetraoxosulfate(2-)
93. Sulfuric Acid [inci]
94. Sulfuric Acid Solution, 1 M
95. Sulfuric Acid, 99.999%
96. Un 1830 (salt/mix)
97. Un 1832 (salt/mix)
98. Un 2796 (salt/mix)
99. Sulfuric Acid [vandf]
100. Sulfuric Acid Solution, 70%
101. Sulfuric Acid Solution, 5 Mm
102. Sulfuric Acid [mart.]
103. Chembl572964
104. O2s(oh)2
105. Sulfuric Acid Contained In Strong Inorganic Acid Mists
106. Sulfuric Acid With >51% Acid
107. Sulfuric Acid, Ar, >=98%
108. Sulfuric Acid, Lr, >=98%
109. Sulfuric Acid [who-dd]
110. Dtxsid5029683
111. Sulfuric Acid Solution, 0.1 M
112. Sulfuric Acid Solution, 0.5 M
113. Sulfuric Acid Solution, 1.5 M
114. H2 S O4
115. Sulphuricum Acidum [hpus]
116. Sulfuric Acid Solution, 0.01 M
117. Sulfuric Acid Solution, 0.05 M
118. Sulfuric Acid Solution, 0.25 M
119. [s(oh)2o2]
120. [so2(oh)2]
121. Sulfuric Acid, 90.0-91.0%
122. Sulfuric Acid, 95.0-97.0%
123. Sulfuric Acid With Not >51% Acid
124. Act13112
125. Nsc38965
126. Sulfuric Acid [ep Impurity]
127. Sulfuric Acid Solution, 0.025 M
128. Sulfuric Acid, P.a., 93-98%
129. Tox21_200483
130. Bdbm50499186
131. Nsc248648
132. Sulfuric Acid [ep Monograph]
133. Sulfuric Acid Solution, 0.0125 M
134. Sulfuric Acid, 50% Aqueous Solution
135. Sulfuric Acid, Extra Pure, 95.5%
136. 2m Sulfuric Acid (+/- 0.1 M)
137. 7m Sulfuric Acid (+/- 0.3 M)
138. Methanolic Sulfuric Acid 10% (v/v)
139. Sulfuric Acid, Technical Grade, 95%
140. Ccg-221344
141. Db11309
142. Sulfuric Acid, 5% V/v Aqueous Solution
143. Ncgc00248653-01
144. Ncgc00258037-01
145. Sulfuric Acid (acid Aerosols Including Mists, Vapors, Gas, Fog And Other Airborne Forms Of Any Particle Size)
146. Sulfuric Acid, 10% V/v Aqueous Solution
147. Sulfuric Acid, 15% V/v Aqueous Solution
148. Sulfuric Acid, 20% V/v Aqueous Solution
149. Sulfuric Acid, 50% V/v Aqueous Solution
150. Sulfuric Acid, 72% W/w Aqueous Solution
151. Sulfuric Acid, 75% V/v Aqueous Solution
152. Cas-7664-93-9
153. Sulfuric Acid, 0.1n Standardized Solution
154. Sulfuric Acid, 0.2n Standardized Solution
155. Sulfuric Acid, 0.5n Standardized Solution
156. Sulfuric Acid, 1.0n Standardized Solution
157. Sulfuric Acid, 3.0n Standardized Solution
158. Sulfuric Acid, 5.0n Standardized Solution
159. Sulfuric Acid, 6.0n Standardized Solution
160. Ds-002649
161. Ft-0688260
162. Ft-0698948
163. Q4118
164. Sulfuric Acid, 0.02n Standardized Solution
165. Sulfuric Acid, 0.05n Standardized Solution
166. Sulfuric Acid, Purum P.a., 95-97% (t)
167. Sulfuric Acid, Saj First Grade, >=95.0%
168. Sulfuric Acid Solution, Purum, ~30% In H2o
169. Sulfuric Acid, Environmental Grade, 93-98%
170. Sulfuric Acid, Jis Special Grade, >=95.0%
171. C00059
172. D05963
173. Sulfuric Acid Solution, P.a., 18.0-24.0%
174. Sulfuric Acid, Puriss. P.a., 95-97% (t)
175. Sulfuric Acid, Spent [un1832] [corrosive]
176. Sulfuric Acid, Environmental Grade Plus, 93-98%
177. Sulfuric Acid, Puriss. P.a. Plus, >=95% (t)
178. Sulfuric Acid (1+1), ~64.0 % (w/w) In H2o
179. Sulfuric Acid (1+2), ~47.0 % (w/w) In H2o
180. Sulfuric Acid Solution, Puriss. P.a., >=25% (t)
181. Sulfuric Acid, >=97.0%, Saj Super Special Grade
182. Sulfuric Acid, Roti?volum, 1n = 0.5m (ampoule)
183. Q27110052
184. Sulfuric Acid, 99.9999% (metals Basis), 92% Min
185. Sulfuric Acid With >51% Acid [un1830] [corrosive]
186. Sulphuric Acid 1 Mol/l - 2 N Volum. Standard Solution
187. 7370a083-f259-4c3e-a455-b5fa1e3c8cb7
188. Sulfuric Acid With Not >51% Acid [un2796] [corrosive]
189. Sulfuric Acid, For The Determination Of Nitrogen, >=97.5%
190. Sulphuric Acid 37% Techn. (battery Acid, Accumul. Acid)
191. Sulfuric Acid Solution, Saj First Grade, 32.2-36.8% In H2o
192. Sulfuric Acid, Puriss. P.a., Acs Reagent, 95.0-98.0% (t)
193. Methanolic H2so4, 10 % (v/v) In Methanol, For Gc Derivatization
194. Sulfuric Acid, >=97.0%, Suitable For Determination Of Toxic Metals
195. Sulfuric Acid Concentrate, 0.1 M H2so4 In Water (0.2n), Eluent Concentrate For Ic
196. Sulfuric Acid, Acculute Standard Volumetric Solution, Final Concentration 2.0n
197. Sulfuric Acid, Puriss., Meets Analytical Specification Of Ph. Eur., Bp, 95-97%
198. Sulfuric Acid, Semiconductor Grade Puranal(tm) (honeywell 17831), 95-97%
199. Sulfuric Acid, Semiconductor Grade Vlsi Puranal(tm) (honeywell 17611), 95-97%
200. Zinc(2+),1',1'',1'''-(1,2-ethanediyldinitrilo)tetrakis[2-propanol]]-, Sulfate (1:1)
201. Sulfate Atomic Spectroscopy Standard Concentrate 10.00 G So42-, 10.00 G/l, For 1 L Standard Solution, Analytical Standard
202. Sulfuric Acid, Puriss. P.a., For Determination Of Hg, Acs Reagent, Reag. Iso, Reag. Ph. Eur., 95.0-97.0%
| Molecular Weight | 98.08 g/mol |
|---|---|
| Molecular Formula | H2O4S |
| XLogP3 | -1.4 |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | 2 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | 4 |
| Rotatable Bond Count | 0 |
| Exact Mass | 97.96737971 g/mol |
| Monoisotopic Mass | 97.96737971 g/mol |
| Topological Polar Surface Area | 83 Ų |
| Heavy Atom Count | 5 |
| Formal Charge | 0 |
| Complexity | 81.3 |
| Isotope Atom Count | 0 |
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Defined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Covalently Bonded Unit Count | 1 |
Dilute acid formerly in treatment of gastric hypoacidity. Concentrated acid formerly as a topical caustic.
O'Neil, M.J. (ed.). The Merck Index - An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals. Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck and Co., Inc., 2006., p. 1540
In an experiment studying the clearance via the blood of radiolabeled sulfuric acid aerosol in different species, the authors have observed that sulfur from sulfuric acid was rapidly cleared (from 2 to 9 minutes) from the lungs of animals into the blood following inhalation exposure. Sulfate is a normal constituent of the blood and is a normal metabolite of sulfur-containing amino acids, and excess sulfate is excreted in the urine. The body pool of this anion is large, and it is therefore unlikely that occupational aerosol exposures significantly modify the normal body load.
OECD; SIDS Initial Assessment Reports for Sulfuric Acid (CAS No: 7664-93-9) for 11th SIAM (January 2001). Available from, as of July 29, 2016: https://www.inchem.org/documents/sids/sids/7664939.pdf
For inhalation exposure to sulfuric acid aerosols, the important issues are where in the respiratory tract the aerosols deposit and the duration of exposure. Factors that determine the site of deposition in the respiratory tract include environmental conditions, especially relative humidity which affects aerosol size, and physiological factors of the subject including breathing rate and depth, and method of breathing, e.g., mouth, nose, or oronasal. The effect of hygroscopic growth on deposition within the respiratory tract has been modeled in adults ... and children ... Children may be more sensitive to the respiratory tract effects of sulfuric acid aerosols because pulmonary deposition is increased as a result of smaller airway diameter.
U.S. Dept Health & Human Services/Agency for Toxic Substances & Disease Registry; Toxicological Profile for Sulfur Trioxide and Sulfuric Acid p. 83 (December 1998). Available from, as of June 17, 2016: https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp117.pdf
Dilute sulfuric acid, as with sulfuric acid mist, is absorbed as sulfate and hydrogen ions through mucous membranes, ultimately into the bloodstream. ... Some sulfate (6 to 8%) from the plasma pool is conjugated in the liver with such metabolites as phenol, cresol, indole, and skatole and excreted in the urine as "ethereal sulfates". Such urinary excretion of the ethereal sulfates constitutes a detoxicating mechanism. The organic sulfate (85 to 90%) is excreted as compounds of sulfuric acid with sodium, potassium, calcium, and ammonia. The remainder, neutral sulfur (4 to 6%), is excreted in compounds such as sulfur-containing amino acids, thiosulfates, and thiocyanates.
NIOSH; Criteria Document: Sulfuric acid p.25 (1974) DHEW Pub. NIOSH 74-128
Inhaled insoluble particles that deposit along normal healthy tracheobronchial airways of humans and other mammals are transported on the proximally moving mucous lining to the larynx, where they are swallowed. The transit time from the most distal ciliated airways varies from 0.1 to 1 days, with each individual having a relatively constant, characteristic time. The exact time course of clearance depends on the distributions of both particle deposition and mucus velocities along the airways. There are too few data on intrabronchial deposition and mucociliary transport rates for laboratory animals to permit a thorough intercomparison among species. However, enough is known about the relative lung sizes and anatomical differences among the various species to make some preliminary, but important, distinctions. As compared to commonly used experimental animals, humans have larger lungs and a more symmetric upper bronchial airway branching pattern. In addition, humans do considerable oral breathing, thus bypassing the effective air cleaning capability of the nasal airways. These differences contributed to a greater amount of upper bronchial airway particle deposition in humans, as well as to greater concentrations of deposition on localized surfaces near airway bifurcations. Airborne irritants that deposit in small ciliated airways may produce marked changes in mucociliary transport. Such materials include cigarette smoke, submicrometer sized sulfuric acid mist, nitrogen dioxide, and ozone. ...
PMID:6376822 Lippmann M, Schesinger RB; J Toxicol Environ Health 13 (2-3): 441-69 (1984)
Some (6 to 8%) of the sulfuric acid absorbed as sulfate and hydrogen ions is conjugated in the liver from the plasma pool with such metabolites as phenol, cresol, indole, and skatole.
NIOSH; Criteria Document: sulfuric acid p.25 (1974) DHEW Pub. NIOSH 74-128
... The half-time of clearance was 1,126 hr in air-exposed ferrets, 773 hr at 0.5 mg/cu m, and 630 hr at 1 mg/cu m /sulfuric acid/.
U.S. Dept Health & Human Services/Agency for Toxic Substances & Disease Registry; Toxicological Profile for Sulfur Trioxide and Sulfuric Acid p.51 (December 1998). Available from, as of June 17, 2016: https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp117.pdf
Sulfuric acid aerosol toxicity is dependent on the hydrogen ion content of the aerosol. One mechanism by which sulfuric acid may produce its toxicity is by changing extracellular and intracellular pH. There is evidence that pH plays a critical role in growth control and cell differentiation, and that disrupting the control of pH may lead to adverse effects ... A sufficiently low pH is genotoxic to some cell systems. Therefore, a significant change in pH produced by sulfuric acid exposure could potentially lead to cellular changes if hydrogen ions reached susceptible targets. A preliminary in vitro study that exposed a human tracheal epithelial cell line to sulfuric acid aerosols of 0.75, 1.4, or 3.28 um for 10 minutes revealed that intracellular pH decreased, and, that at equal mass concentrations, the change in pH was greater for the smaller particle sizes.
U.S. Dept Health & Human Services/Agency for Toxic Substances & Disease Registry; Toxicological Profile for Sulfur Trioxide and Sulfuric Acid pp. 83-4 (December 1998). Available from, as of June 17, 2016: https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp117.pdf
Mechanisms of sulfuric acid-induced pulmonary injury have been studied. Atropine was administered to 12 guinea pigs in order to inhibit reflex-mediated bronchoconstriction and the animals were exposed to 32.6 mg/cu m sulfuric acid aerosol (MMAD /mass median aerodynamic diameter/ 1.0 um, relative humidity 70-90%) for 4 hr ... Unlike guinea pigs who were exposed to sulfuric acid without atropine pre-treatment, the atropine-treated animals had no signs of pulmonary injury, such as epithelial desquamation. It was concluded that pulmonary injury following sulfuric acid exposure may be due in part to mechanical forces generated during reflex-mediated bronchoconstriction.
U.S. Dept Health & Human Services/Agency for Toxic Substances & Disease Registry; Toxicological Profile for Sulfur Trioxide and Sulfuric Acid p. 84 (December 1998). Available from, as of June 17, 2016: https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp117.pdf
The genotoxic effects of significantly lowered pH may contribute to the ability of sulfuric acid to produce respiratory tract tumors. It has also been postulated that sulfuric acid may promote carcinogenesis by inducing chronic tissue irritation ... Chronic inflammation results in the release of free radicals which have a genotoxic action. In addition, chronic inflammation may increase susceptibility to infection which may contribute to a carcinogenic response. However, the mechanism of carcinogenesis remains to be proven.
U.S. Dept Health & Human Services/Agency for Toxic Substances & Disease Registry; Toxicological Profile for Sulfur Trioxide and Sulfuric Acid pp. 84-5 (December 1998). Available from, as of June 17, 2016: https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp117.pdf
The effects of sulfuric acid are the result of the H+ ion (local deposition of H+, pH change) rather than an effect of the sulfate ion. Sulfuric acid per se is not expected to be absorbed or distributed throughout the body. The acid will rapidly dissociate and the anion will enter the body electrolyte pool, and will not play a specific toxicological role.
OECD; SIDS Initial Assessment Reports for Sulfuric Acid (CAS No: 7664-93-9) for 11th SIAM (January 2001). Available from, as of July 29, 2016: https://www.inchem.org/documents/sids/sids/7664939.pdf
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