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Chemistry

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Also known as: O-nitrophenol, 88-75-5, 2-hydroxynitrobenzene, Phenol, 2-nitro-, O-hydroxynitrobenzene, Nitrophenol
Molecular Formula
C6H5NO3
Molecular Weight
139.11  g/mol
InChI Key
IQUPABOKLQSFBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
FDA UNII
BD148E95KD

2-Nitrophenol
1 2D Structure

2-Nitrophenol

2 Identification
2.1 Computed Descriptors
2.1.1 IUPAC Name
2-nitrophenol
2.1.2 InChI
InChI=1S/C6H5NO3/c8-6-4-2-1-3-5(6)7(9)10/h1-4,8H
2.1.3 InChI Key
IQUPABOKLQSFBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
2.1.4 Canonical SMILES
C1=CC=C(C(=C1)[N+](=O)[O-])O
2.2 Other Identifiers
2.2.1 UNII
BD148E95KD
2.3 Synonyms
2.3.1 MeSH Synonyms

1. 2-nitrophenol, Ammonium Salt

2. 2-nitrophenol, Sodium Salt

3. Ortho-nitrophenol

2.3.2 Depositor-Supplied Synonyms

1. O-nitrophenol

2. 88-75-5

3. 2-hydroxynitrobenzene

4. Phenol, 2-nitro-

5. O-hydroxynitrobenzene

6. Nitrophenol

7. Phenol, O-nitro-

8. O-nitrofenol

9. 2-nitro-phenol

10. Mfcd00011688

11. 25154-55-6

12. Bd148e95kd

13. Chebi:16260

14. Hydroxy(2-hydroxyphenyl)oxoammonium

15. Nsc-1552

16. Ortho-nitrophenol

17. 2-hydroxynitrobenzene[qr]

18. Dsstox_cid_1790

19. Dsstox_rid_76328

20. Dsstox_gsid_21790

21. O-nitrofenol [czech]

22. Cas-88-75-5

23. Ccris 2314

24. Hsdb 1133

25. O-nitrophenol (molten)

26. Nsc 1552

27. Einecs 201-857-5

28. Unii-bd148e95kd

29. Ai3-14893

30. O-nitro-phenol

31. 0-nitrophenol

32. 2-nitro Phenol

33. Hydroxynitrobenzene

34. Cg3

35. Nitrophenolate

36. 2-nitrophenyl Alcohol

37. O-nitrophenol [un1663] [poison]

38. 2-nitrophenol, 98%

39. Phenol, O-nitro

40. 2-nitrophenol-ul-14c

41. Wln: Wnr Bq

42. Ec 201-857-5

43. 2-nitrophenol, 99.0%

44. O-nitrophenol [mi]

45. Schembl26026

46. 2-nitrophenol [hsdb]

47. Bidd:er0656

48. Chembl14205

49. 1-oh

50. Sr-1c4

51. Dtxsid1021790

52. Schembl11524557

53. Schembl16254545

54. Nsc1552

55. Bcp25852

56. Str00905

57. Tox21_201442

58. Tox21_302758

59. Stk011520

60. Zinc34719541

61. Akos000118749

62. Am10677

63. Ccg-321789

64. Un 1663

65. Ncgc00090898-01

66. Ncgc00090898-02

67. Ncgc00256357-01

68. Ncgc00258993-01

69. 2-nitrophenol 100 Microg/ml In Methanol

70. 2-nitrophenol, Purum, >=98.0% (hplc)

71. Ft-0613201

72. Ft-0693760

73. N0153

74. N0219

75. C01988

76. N-3590

77. 2-nitrophenol, Pestanal(r), Analytical Standard

78. Ab-131/40228446

79. Q18907378

80. Z57201355

81. F3146-3482

82. 78813-12-4

83. Opo

2.4 Create Date
2004-09-16
3 Chemical and Physical Properties
Molecular Weight 139.11 g/mol
Molecular Formula C6H5NO3
XLogP31.8
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count3
Rotatable Bond Count0
Exact Mass139.026943022 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass139.026943022 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area66 Ų
Heavy Atom Count10
Formal Charge0
Complexity131
Isotope Atom Count0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count0
Covalently Bonded Unit Count1
4 Pharmacology and Biochemistry
4.1 Absorption, Distribution and Excretion

Partition and permeance coefficients were determined for phenol, 2-nitrophenol and 4-nitrophenol with isolated cuticles from mature tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) and green pepper (Capsicum annuum) fruits and from the adaxial surface of rubber (Ficus elastica) leaves. Plant cuticular membranes are composed of a lipophilic, insol polymer matrix membrane, and sol cuticular lipids. Partition coefficients of the phenols (pH 3.0) for the system insol polymer matrix/buffer ranged from 43.6 to 164.9 and could be predicted from n-octanol/buffer partition coefficients using the equation log partition insol polymer matrix/buffer= 0.363 + 0.952 log partition n-octanol/buffer where r= 0.986. In cuticular membranes the partition values were lower, especially for 4-nitrophenol, ranging from 32.4 to 110.8. The role of hydrogen bonding in partitioning of phenols into cuticles is discussed. Permeance coefficient for the cuticular membranes ranged from 10-10 (Ficus) to 10-8 m/s (Lycopersicon, Capsicum), with 2-nitrophenol permeating more rapidly than the other 2 phenols. Extention of the SCL increased the permeance coeff by factors of approximately 5 (Lycopersicon), 50 (Capsicum), and 1000 (Ficus), respectively. The transport-limiting layer in plant cuticles acts as a diffusion and solubility barrier.

PMID:4085383 Shafer WE, Schoenherr J; Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 10 (2): 239-52 (1985)


The permeation of nitrophenols through epidermal cells from newborn rat skin cultured on type IV collagen-coated Millipore filters was studied under various conditions. The order of permeation through the cultured skin cells was found to be p-> m- > o-nitrophenol at both 10 and approx 37 C. This order was the same as that of their affinities to isolated skin cells. The permeation of nitrophenols was not inhibited by the inhibitors of energy transduction 2-deoxyglucose and NaN3. These results suggest that the permeation of nitrophenols across a cultured cell layer occurs by simple diffusion. The order of permeation of nitrophenols across newborn abdominal epidermis was exactly the opposite of that of their permeation across a cultured cell layer.

PMID:2076563 Ohkura K et al; Chem Pharm Bull (TOKYO) 38 (10):2788-91 (1990)


4.2 Metabolism/Metabolites

In vivo studies with nitrophenols ... meta-& para-nitrophenol are reduced more readily than the ortho isomer ...

Testa, B. and P. Jenner. Drug Metabolism: Chemical & Biochemical Aspects. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1976., p. 125


Yields o-aminophenol, 3-nitrocatechol, o-nitrophenyl-beta-d-glucuronide, o-nitrophenyl sulfate, & nitroquinol in rabbits.

Goodwin, B.L. Handbook of Intermediary Metabolism of Aromatic Compounds. New York: Wiley, 1976., p. N-17


o-Nitrophenol causes methemoglobinemia, but is metabolically reduced less readily than the meta or para isomers to the corresponding amino derivatives.

Clayton, G.D., F.E. Clayton (eds.) Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. Volumes 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, 2E, 2F: Toxicology. 4th ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons Inc., 1993-1994., p. 974


The metabolic capacity of rat brain slices for m-dinitrobenzene was assessed /in/ male Fischer-344-rats ... Slices from both brain stem or forebrain (400 um thick) or liver tissue (control) were incubated with a 0.2 mM m-dinitrobenzene containing medium for 2 hours. The m-dinitrobenzene was metabolized in the two brain tissues and the liver tissue. No metabolism occurred in heat inactivated tissues. Metabolic disposal of m-dinitrobenzene was 1.05+/-0.11 umol/g wet weight per hour in the liver, 0.49+/-0.05 umol/g wet weight per hour in brain stem, and 0.44+/0.05 umol/g wet weight per hour in the forebrain. The main metabolite produced by both brain and liver slices was m-nitroaniline, which represented 57 to 66% of the disposal of m-dinitrobenzene. In the liver, 2-aminophenol, 4-aminophenol, 4-nitrophenol, or 2-nitrophenol was produced, but they were not detected in the brain slices. Nitrosonitrobenzene was detected in slices from both parts of the brain, but not in the liver slices. In the presence of m-dinitrobenzene the glucose consumption of brain slices was significantly increased; 26% in the brain stem and 17.9% in the cerebral cortex, which may have been a precytotoxic effect. ... The brain has considerable nitroreductive capacity towards m-dinitrobenzene and in-situ reduction of m-dinitrobenzene may be responsible for its neurotoxicity.

PMID:9291486 Hu H-L et al; Neurotoxicology 18 (2): 363-70 (1997)


... An experimental study of the metabolism of o-nitrophenol, m-nitrophenol, and p-nitrophenol in the rabbit /is described/. All three phenols are excreted in conjugated forms, there being only small amounts (less than 1 percent) of the unchanged free phenols excreted. The main metabolites are the nitrophenylglucuronides which account for about 70 percent of the dose. The corresponding ethereal sulfates are also excreted. The nitro group of the nitrophenols undergoes reduction in-vivo only to a minor extent, and some 80 percent of it is excreted unchanged. The extent of reduction is about 6 percent for o-nitrophenol, 10 percent for m-nitrophenol and 14 percent for p-nitrophenol. The nitrophenols also undergo oxidation to a very small extent (less than 1 percent); o-nitrophenol yields traces of nitroquinol, m-nitrophenol, nitroquinol and 4-nitrocatechol and p-nitrophenol, 4-nitrocatechol. The dihydric phenols produced are similar to those formed during the Elbs persulfate oxidation of the mononitrophenols. The significance of the similarity in relation to free radicals is discussed. The paper chromatography of the monohydric and dihydric nitrophenols has been studied. The beta-glucuronides of the nitrophenols have been isolated and characterized as amides and triacetyl methyl esters. The abnormal positive rotations of triacetyl-beta-o-nitrophenyl-D-glucuronide and its methyl ester have been investigated, and it has been shown that in the case of the ester this rotation becomes negative on raising the temperature, a behavior reminiscent of tetra-acetyl-beta-o-nitrophenylglucoside. The metabolic results have been discussed in relation to the toxicity of p-nitrophenol and the nontoxicity of o-nitrophenol

Robinson D et al; Biochemical Journal 50: 221-7 (1951)


4.3 Mechanism of Action

Nitrophenols interfere with normal metabolism by uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation. For the mononitrophenols, the order of severity of effects is 4->3-> 2-nitrophenol.

USEPA; Nitrophenols: Hazard Profile (Draft) p.18 (1980)


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2-Nitrophenol manufacturers, exporters & distributors 1

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PharmaCompass also assists you with knowing the 2-Nitrophenol API Price utilized in the formulation of products. 2-Nitrophenol API Price is not always fixed or binding as the 2-Nitrophenol Price is obtained through a variety of data sources. The 2-Nitrophenol Price can also vary due to multiple factors, including market conditions, regulatory modifications, or negotiated pricing deals.

API | Excipient name

2-Nitrophenol

Synonyms

O-nitrophenol, 88-75-5, 2-hydroxynitrobenzene, Phenol, 2-nitro-, O-hydroxynitrobenzene, Nitrophenol

Cas Number

88-75-5

Unique Ingredient Identifier (UNII)

BD148E95KD

2-Nitrophenol Manufacturers

A 2-Nitrophenol manufacturer is defined as any person or entity involved in the manufacture, preparation, processing, compounding or propagation of 2-Nitrophenol, including repackagers and relabelers. The FDA regulates 2-Nitrophenol manufacturers to ensure that their products comply with relevant laws and regulations and are safe and effective to use. 2-Nitrophenol API Manufacturers are required to adhere to Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) to ensure that their products are consistently manufactured to meet established quality criteria.

click here to find a list of 2-Nitrophenol manufacturers with USDMF, JDMF, KDMF, CEP, GMP, COA and API Price related information on PhamaCompass.

2-Nitrophenol Suppliers

A 2-Nitrophenol supplier is an individual or a company that provides 2-Nitrophenol active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) or 2-Nitrophenol finished formulations upon request. The 2-Nitrophenol suppliers may include 2-Nitrophenol API manufacturers, exporters, distributors and traders.

click here to find a list of 2-Nitrophenol suppliers with USDMF, JDMF, KDMF, CEP, GMP, COA and API Price related information on PharmaCompass.

2-Nitrophenol GMP

2-Nitrophenol Active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) is produced in GMP-certified manufacturing facility.

GMP stands for Good Manufacturing Practices, which is a system used in the pharmaceutical industry to make sure that goods are regularly produced and monitored in accordance with quality standards. The FDA’s current Good Manufacturing Practices requirements are referred to as cGMP or current GMP which indicates that the company follows the most recent GMP specifications. The World Health Organization (WHO) has its own set of GMP guidelines, called the WHO GMP. Different countries can also set their own guidelines for GMP like China (Chinese GMP) or the EU (EU GMP).

PharmaCompass offers a list of 2-Nitrophenol GMP manufacturers, exporters & distributors, which can be sorted by USDMF, JDMF, KDMF, CEP (COS), WC, API price, and more, enabling you to easily find the right 2-Nitrophenol GMP manufacturer or 2-Nitrophenol GMP API supplier for your needs.

2-Nitrophenol CoA

A 2-Nitrophenol CoA (Certificate of Analysis) is a formal document that attests to 2-Nitrophenol's compliance with 2-Nitrophenol specifications and serves as a tool for batch-level quality control.

2-Nitrophenol CoA mostly includes findings from lab analyses of a specific batch. For each 2-Nitrophenol CoA document that a company creates, the USFDA specifies specific requirements, such as supplier information, material identification, transportation data, evidence of conformity and signature data.

2-Nitrophenol may be tested according to a variety of international standards, such as European Pharmacopoeia (2-Nitrophenol EP), 2-Nitrophenol JP (Japanese Pharmacopeia) and the US Pharmacopoeia (2-Nitrophenol USP).

Inform the supplier about your product requirements, specifying if you need a product with particular monograph like EP (Ph. Eur.), USP, JP, BP, or any other quality. In addition, clarify whether you need hydrochloride (HCl), anhydricum, base, micronisatum or a specific level of purity. To find reputable suppliers, utilize the filters and select those certified by GMP, FDA, or any other certification as per your requirement.
For your convenience, we have listed synonyms and CAS numbers to help you find the best supplier. The use of synonyms and CAS numbers can be helpful in identifying potential suppliers, but it is crucial to note that they might not always indicate the exact same product. It is important to confirm the product details with the supplier before making a purchase to ensure that it meets your requirements.
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