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2D Structure
Also known as: 10605-21-7, Carbendazole, Bavistin, Mecarzole, Thicoper, Carbendazime
Molecular Formula
C9H9N3O2
Molecular Weight
191.19  g/mol
InChI Key
TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
FDA UNII
H75J14AA89

Carbendazim is a broad-spectrum benzimidazole antifungal with potential antimitotic and antineoplastic activities. Although the exact mechanism of action is unclear, carbendazim appears to binds to an unspecified site on tubulin and suppresses microtubule assembly dynamic. This results in cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and an induction of apoptosis.
1 2D Structure

2D Structure

2 Identification
2.1 Computed Descriptors
2.1.1 IUPAC Name
methyl N-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)carbamate
2.1.2 InChI
InChI=1S/C9H9N3O2/c1-14-9(13)12-8-10-6-4-2-3-5-7(6)11-8/h2-5H,1H3,(H2,10,11,12,13)
2.1.3 InChI Key
TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
2.1.4 Canonical SMILES
COC(=O)NC1=NC2=CC=CC=C2N1
2.2 Other Identifiers
2.2.1 UNII
H75J14AA89
2.3 Synonyms
2.3.1 MeSH Synonyms

1. 1h-benzimidazole-2-carbamic Acid, Methyl Ester

2. 2-(methoxycarbonylamino)benzimidazole

3. Bavistan

4. Bavistin

5. Benzimidazolecarbamate Methyl Ester

6. Carbendazim Phosphate

7. Carbendazin

8. Carbendazine

9. Carbendazole

10. Carbendazyme

11. Fb-642

12. Fb642

13. G-665

14. Ipo-1250

15. Mecarzole

16. Mecarzole Monohydrochloride

17. Mecarzole Mononitrate

18. Mecarzole Monophosphate

19. Mecarzole Monophosphinate

20. Mecarzole Monosodium Salt

21. Mecarzole Monosulfate

22. Mecarzole Triphosphinate

23. Medamine

24. Mekarzole

25. Methoxybenzimidazole-2-carbamic Acid

26. Methyl 2-benzimidazil Carbamate

27. Methyl-2-benzimidazole Carbamate

28. Methyl-n-(2-benzimidazolyl)carbamate

29. Methylbenzimidazole-2-ylcarbamate

2.3.2 Depositor-Supplied Synonyms

1. 10605-21-7

2. Carbendazole

3. Bavistin

4. Mecarzole

5. Thicoper

6. Carbendazime

7. Derosal

8. Carbendazol

9. Bavistan

10. Medamine

11. Funaben

12. Methyl 2-benzimidazolecarbamate

13. Bmk (fungicide)

14. Carbendazym

15. Equitdazin

16. Garbenda

17. Kemdazin

18. Supercarb

19. Agrizim

20. Battal

21. Bengard

22. Bitosen

23. Custos

24. Delsene

25. Karben

26. Kolfugo

27. Stempor

28. Myco

29. Methyl Benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamate

30. Bavistin 3460

31. Carbendazine

32. Falicarben

33. Pillarstin

34. Fungisol

35. Triticol

36. Stein

37. Spin

38. Bercema-bitosen

39. Carbamic Acid, 1h-benzimidazol-2-yl-, Methyl Ester

40. Kolfugo Extra

41. Methyl 1h-benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamate

42. Methyl 1h-benzo[d]imidazol-2-ylcarbamate

43. Preventol Bcm

44. Antibac Mf

45. Carben Vl

46. Funaben 3

47. Bcm (fungicide)

48. 2-mbc

49. Ipo Y

50. Methyl Benzimidazolylcarbamate

51. Benzimidazolecarbamic

52. Funaben 50

53. Methyl N-(1h-benzimidazol-2-yl)carbamate

54. Jkatein

55. Preparation G 665

56. 2-(methoxycarbamoyl)benzimidazole

57. A 118 (pesticide)

58. 2-(carbomethoxyamino)benzimidazole

59. Methyl 1h-benzimidazole-2-carbamate

60. 1h-benzimidazole-2-carbamic Acid, Methyl Ester

61. Kolfugo 25 Fw

62. Lignasan

63. Mercarzole

64. 2-(methoxycarbonylamino)-benzimidazole

65. Methyl Benzimidazolecarbamate

66. Bas 67054f

67. 2-(methoxycarbonylamino)benzimidazole

68. 2-benzimidazolecarbamic Acid, Methyl Ester

69. Carbendazim [bsi:iso]

70. Bmk (van)

71. Methyl N-2-benzimidazolecarbamate

72. 1h-benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamic Acid Methyl Ester

73. Bas-3460

74. Ctr 6669

75. Benzimidazole-2-carbamic Acid, Methyl Ester

76. Ek 578

77. Hoe 17411

78. G 665

79. Derroprene

80. Zhiweiling

81. Bavistine

82. Ccris 1553

83. Fungoxan

84. Jkstein

85. Protek

86. Sarfun

87. Subeej

88. 2-(methoxy-carbonylamino)-benzimidazol

89. Hsdb 6581

90. U 32104

91. Bavistin Fl

92. Spin (pesticide)

93. Karben Flo Stefes

94. Karben Stefes Flo

95. Olgin (fungicide)

96. Ba 67054f

97. Bavistin 25sd

98. Bavistin 50sd

99. Delsene 10

100. Derosal 60pm

101. Kolfugo 25fw

102. 2-[(methoxycarbonyl)amino]benzimidazole

103. Methyl 2-benzimidazolylcarbamate

104. Bmk

105. Bas 3460f

106. Methyl 1h-benzimidazolylcarbamate

107. Benzimidazole Carbamate De Methyle

108. Ipo 1250

109. Bas-67054

110. Fb-642

111. 1h-benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamic Acid, Methyl Ester

112. Nsc-109874

113. U-32.104

114. Carbamic Acid, N-1h-benzimidazol-2-yl-, Methyl Ester

115. Chembl70971

116. 2-methyl Benzimidazolecarbamate

117. Mls002701961

118. Chebi:3392

119. 105268-95-9

120. A 118

121. Methyl 1h-benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamate (9ci)

122. 2-(methoxy-carbonylamino)-benzimidazol [german]

123. Bas-67054f

124. Carbamic Acid, 1h-benzimidazolyl-, Methyl Ester

125. H75j14aa89

126. 2-(methoxycarboxamido)benzimidazole

127. Bas 3460

128. Ek-578

129. 2-bezimidazolecarbamic Acid Methyl Ester

130. Carbendazin

131. Carbendazyme

132. Mekarzole

133. Dsstox_cid_4729

134. Dsstox_rid_77513

135. 1h-benzimidazol-2-yl-carbamic Acid, Methyl Ester

136. Dsstox_gsid_24729

137. 37953-07-4

138. Mbc (van)

139. Carbendazime [iso-french]

140. Ipo-1250

141. Carbamic Acid, N-1h-benzimidazol-2-yl-, Methyl Ester;methyl 1h-benzo[d]imidazol-2-ylcarbamate

142. Carbendazim [iso]

143. Cas-10605-21-7

144. Methyl 2-benzimidazil Carbamate

145. Methyl-2-benzimidazole Carbamate

146. Methylbenzimidazole-2-ylcarbamate

147. 2-(methoxy-carbonylamino)-benzimidazol (german)

148. Benzimidazolecarbamate Methyl Ester

149. Bas 3460 F

150. Methoxybenzimidazole-2-carbamic Acid

151. Einecs 234-232-0

152. Methyl-n-(2-benzimidazolyl)carbamate

153. Rcra Waste No. U372

154. Epa Pesticide Chemical Code 115001

155. Epa Pesticide Chemical Code 128872

156. Nsc 109874

157. 2-benzimidazolecarbamic Acid Methyl Ester

158. Carbate

159. Unii-h75j14aa89

160. Benzimidazole Carbamate De Methyle [french]

161. Carbendazim-d3

162. Carbendazol, Jmaf

163. Ctr-6669

164. Tripart Defensor Fl

165. N-benzimidazol-2-ylmethoxycarboxamide

166. Carbendazim, 97%

167. Turfclear (salt/mix)

168. Bmc?

169. Carbendazim [mi]

170. Chemdivam_000201

171. Chemdiv1_000052

172. 1h-benzimidazole-2-carbamic Acid Methyl Ester

173. Carbendazim [hsdb]

174. Schembl21051

175. Carbendazim [who-dd]

176. N-1h-benzimidazol-2-yl-carbamic Acid Methyl Ester

177. Bidd:er0282

178. Fenbendazole Related Compound A

179. Carbendazim, Analytical Standard

180. 2-carbomethoxyamino-benzimidazole

181. Dtxsid4024729

182. Methyl Benzimidazole-2-carbamate

183. Schembl19926051

184. Hms587c08

185. Methyl 2-benzimidazolyl-carbamate

186. Zinc43475

187. Kid Pest Project (carbendazim) (see Also Carbendazim)

188. Amy22465

189. Tox21_202295

190. Tox21_300478

191. 2-(carbomethoxy-amino)-benzimidazole

192. Bdbm50116313

193. Hoe-17411

194. Methyl 1h-2-benzimidazolecarbaminate

195. Methyl N-benzimidazol-2-yl-carbamate

196. Mfcd00055390

197. Nsc109874

198. Akos002384358

199. Carbendazim 100 Microg/ml In Methanol

200. Ccg-101273

201. Cs-8030

202. Db13009

203. Ks-5360

204. 2-(methoxy-carbonylamino)-benzimidazole

205. Ncgc00090706-01

206. Ncgc00090706-02

207. Ncgc00090706-03

208. Ncgc00090706-04

209. Ncgc00254328-01

210. Ncgc00259844-01

211. A118

212. Ac-10590

213. Bp-21318

214. Hy-13582

215. Nci60_000240

216. Smr000304463

217. 1h-benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamicacidmethylester

218. Db-040676

219. Methyl 1h-benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamate, 9ci

220. Albendazole Impurity E [ep Impurity]

221. Ft-0602933

222. Ft-0664246

223. S3676

224. Carbendazim, Pestanal(r), Analytical Standard

225. E78626

226. Methyl N-(1h-1,3-benzodiazol-2-yl)carbamate

227. Methyl N-1h-benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamate

228. Fenbendazole Related Compound A [usp-rs]

229. 605c217

230. A801368

231. Af-962/00515023

232. Q418607

233. Sr-01000390861

234. (1h-benzoimidazol-2-yl)-carbamic Acid Methyl Ester

235. J-001536

236. Sr-01000390861-1

237. Carbendazim, Certified Reference Material, Tracecert(r)

238. F0266-0908

239. Fenbendazole Impurity A, European Pharmacopoeia (ep) Reference Standard

240. Fenbendazole Related Compound A, United States Pharmacopeia (usp) Reference Standard

241. 102040-01-7

242. 110342-67-1

243. 212384-28-6

244. 39413-19-9

2.4 Create Date
2005-03-26
3 Chemical and Physical Properties
Molecular Weight 191.19 g/mol
Molecular Formula C9H9N3O2
XLogP31.5
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count3
Rotatable Bond Count2
Exact Mass191.069476538 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass191.069476538 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area67 Ų
Heavy Atom Count14
Formal Charge0
Complexity222
Isotope Atom Count0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count0
Covalently Bonded Unit Count1
4 Drug and Medication Information
4.1 Therapeutic Uses

/EXPL THER/ The benzimidazoles, benomyl and carbendazim, are fungicides suggested to target microtubules. Benomyl is metabolized to carbendazim, which has already been explored as an anticancer drug in phase 1 clinical trials. We further characterized the cytotoxic properties of benomyl and carbendazim in 12 human cell lines and in primary cultures of patient tumor cells with the overall aims of elucidating mechanisms of action and anticancer activity spectrum. Cytotoxicity was assessed in the short-term fluorometric microculture cytotoxicity assay and was correlated with the activity of other anticancer drugs and gene expression assessed by cDNA microarray analysis. Benomyl was generally more potent than its metabolite, carbendazim. Both showed high drug activity correlations with several established and experimental anticancer drugs, but modest association with established mechanisms of drug resistance. Furthermore, these benzimidazoles showed high correlations with genes considered relevant for the activity of several mechanistically different standard and experimental anticancer drugs, indicating multiple and broad mechanisms of action. In patient tumor samples, benomyl tended to be more active in hematological compared with solid tumor malignancies, whereas the opposite was observed for carbendazim. In conclusion, benomyl and carbendazim show interesting and diverse cytotoxic mechanisms of action and seem suitable as lead compounds for the development of new anticancer drugs.

PMID:19786863 Laryea D et al; Anticancer Drugs 21 (1): 33-42 (2010)


/EXPL THER/ Carbendazim inhibits microtubule assembly, thus blocking mitosis and inhibiting cancer cell proliferation. Accordingly, carbendazim is being explored as an anticancer drug. Data show that carbendazim increased mRNA and protein expressions and promoter activity of CYP1A1. In addition, carbendazim activated transcriptional activity of the aryl hydrocarbon response element, and induced nuclear translocation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a sign the AhR is activated. Carbendazim-induced CYP1A1 expression was blocked by AhR antagonists, and was abolished in AhR signal-deficient cells. Results demonstrated that carbendazim activated the AhR, thereby stimulating CYP1A1 expression. In order to understand whether AhR-induced metabolic enzymes turn carbendazim into less-toxic metabolites, Hoechst 33,342 staining to reveal carbendazim-induced nuclear changes and flow cytometry to reveal the subG0/G1 population were applied to monitor carbendazim-induced cell apoptosis. Carbendazim induced less apoptosis in Hepa-1c1c7 cells than in AhR signal-deficient Hepa-1c1c7 mutant cells. Pretreatment with beta-NF, an AhR agonist that highly induces CYP1A1 expression, decreased carbendazim-induced cell death. In addition, the lower the level of AhR was, the lower the vitality present in carbendazim-treated cells, including hepatoma cells and their derivatives with AhR RNA interference, also embryonic kidney cells, bladder carcinoma cells, and AhR signal-deficient Hepa-1c1c7 cells. In summary, carbendazim is an AhR agonist. The toxicity of carbendazim was lower in cells with the AhR signal. This report provides clues indicating that carbendazim is more potent at inducing cell death in tissues without than in those with the AhR signal, an important reference for applying carbendazim in cancer chemotherapy.

PMID:27286660 Wei KL et al; Toxicol Appl Pharmacol pii: S0041-008X(16)30138-7 doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2016.06.004 (2016) (Epub ahead of print)


/EXPL THER/ ... The results of this present study indicate that FB642 /carbendazim/ increases the degree of apoptosis in all examined tumor cell lines, may induce G2/M uncoupling, may selectively kill p53 abnormal cells, and exhibits antitumor activity in drug- and multidrug-resistant cell lines. The induction of apoptosis by FB642, particularly in p53-deficient cells, its impressive in vivo activity against a broad spectrum of murine and human tumors, as well as an acceptable toxicity profile in animals, make FB642 an excellent candidate for further evaluation in clinical trials in cancer patients. /FB642/

PMID:11355145 Hammond LA et al; J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 127 (5): 301-13 (2001)


5 Pharmacology and Biochemistry
5.1 MeSH Pharmacological Classification

Antinematodal Agents

Substances used in the treatment or control of nematode infestations. They are used also in veterinary practice. (See all compounds classified as Antinematodal Agents.)


Mutagens

Chemical agents that increase the rate of genetic mutation by interfering with the function of nucleic acids. A clastogen is a specific mutagen that causes breaks in chromosomes. (See all compounds classified as Mutagens.)


Fungicides, Industrial

Chemicals that kill or inhibit the growth of fungi in agricultural applications, on wood, plastics, or other materials, in swimming pools, etc. (See all compounds classified as Fungicides, Industrial.)


5.2 Absorption, Distribution and Excretion

In male rats, following a single oral admin of 3 mg/kg, 66% was eliminated in the urine within 6 hr.

Tomlin, C.D.S. (ed.). The Pesticide Manual - World Compendium. 10th ed. Surrey, UK: The British Crop Protection Council, 1994., p. 150


5.3 Metabolism/Metabolites

Readily absorbed by plants. One degradation product is 2-aminobenzimidazole.

Tomlin, C.D.S. (ed.). The Pesticide Manual - World Compendium. 10th ed. Surrey, UK: The British Crop Protection Council, 1994., p. 150


... Two metabolites: methyl 5-hydroxy-2-benzimidazolecarbamate (5-HBC) and 2-aminobenzimidazole (2-AB) were formed very rapidly /in rats admin 12 mg/kg iv/. Their peak concentrations in liver and kidney were 15 min after i.v. injection. Unchanged carbendazim was found in highest concentrations in blood. 5-HBC prevails in organs. 2-AB was present only in minor amounts. The extent of bioavailability in orally administered 14C-carbendazim (12 mg/kg) was about 85%. The disposition of radioactivity in subcellular fractions was not uniform, its highest concentration was in cytosol, the lowest in microsomes. ...

PMID:3765661 Krechniak J, Klosowska B; Xenobiotica 16 (9): 809-15 (1986)


5.4 Biological Half-Life

The disappearance of (14)C-carbendazim in rat (i.v. 12 mg/kg) followed the kinetics of a two-compartment open-system model. Half-lives of the alpha-phase were 0.16 hr (liver), 0.25 hr (kidney), and of the beta-phase: 2.15 hr, 6.15 hr, respectively. Two metabolites: methyl 5-hydroxy-2-benzimidazolecarbamate (5-HBC) and 2-aminobenzimidazole (2-AB) were formed very rapidly. Their peak concentrations in liver and kidney were 15 min after i.v. injection. Unchanged carbendazim was found in highest concentrations in blood. 5-HBC prevails in organs. 2-AB was present only in minor amounts. The extent of bioavailability in orally administered 14C-carbendazim (12 mg/kg) was about 85%. The disposition of radioactivity in subcellular fractions was not uniform, its highest concentration was in cytosol, the lowest in microsomes. The elimination of (14)C-carbendazim in urine is biphasic. Half-lives of the alpha-phase were 1.4 hr (i.v.) and 2.5 hr (oral), and of the beta-phase 11.2 hr and 12.1 hr, respectively. Irrespective of the route of administration, 95% of the radioactivity in urine was composed of 5-HBC. The concentration of unchanged carbendazim in blood and of 5-HBC in urine may be of diagnostic value in acute poisoning with carbendazim.

PMID:3765661 Krechniak J, Klosowska B; Xenobiotica 16 (9): 809-15 (1986)


5.5 Mechanism of Action

... Previous studies indicate that FB642 /carbendazim/ may interfere with mitosis and thus may disrupt or inhibit microtubule function resulting in apoptosis. ...

PMID:11355145 Hammond LA et al; J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 127 (5): 301-13 (2001)


Carbendazim inhibits microtubule assembly, thus blocking mitosis and inhibiting cancer cell proliferation. Accordingly, carbendazim is being explored as an anticancer drug. Data show that carbendazim increased mRNA and protein expressions and promoter activity of CYP1A1. In addition, carbendazim activated transcriptional activity of the aryl hydrocarbon response element, and induced nuclear translocation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a sign the AhR is activated. Carbendazim-induced CYP1A1 expression was blocked by AhR antagonists, and was abolished in AhR signal-deficient cells. Results demonstrated that carbendazim activated the AhR, thereby stimulating CYP1A1 expression. In order to understand whether AhR-induced metabolic enzymes turn carbendazim into less-toxic metabolites, Hoechst 33,342 staining to reveal carbendazim-induced nuclear changes and flow cytometry to reveal the subG0/G1 population were applied to monitor carbendazim-induced cell apoptosis. Carbendazim induced less apoptosis in Hepa-1c1c7 cells than in AhR signal-deficient Hepa-1c1c7 mutant cells. Pretreatment with beta-NF, an AhR agonist that highly induces CYP1A1 expression, decreased carbendazim-induced cell death. In addition, the lower the level of AhR was, the lower the vitality present in carbendazim-treated cells, including hepatoma cells and their derivatives with AhR RNA interference, also embryonic kidney cells, bladder carcinoma cells, and AhR signal-deficient Hepa-1c1c7 cells. In summary, carbendazim is an AhR agonist. The toxicity of carbendazim was lower in cells with the AhR signal. This report provides clues indicating that carbendazim is more potent at inducing cell death in tissues without than in those with the AhR signal, an important reference for applying carbendazim in cancer chemotherapy.

PMID:27286660 Wei KL et al; Toxicol Appl Pharmacol pii: S0041-008X(16)30138-7 doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2016.06.004 (2016) (Epub ahead of print)