1. Carbidopa, (r)-isomer
2. Carbidopa, (s)-isomer
3. Lodosin
4. Lodosyn
5. Methyldopahydrazine
6. Mk 485
7. Mk 486
8. Mk-485
9. Mk-486
10. Mk485
11. Mk486
1. 28860-95-9
2. Lodosyn
3. Carbidopa Anhydrous
4. (s)-(-)-carbidopa
5. (s)-carbidopa
6. S-(-)-carbidopa
7. Alpha-methyldopahydrazine
8. L-alpha-methyldopahydrazine
9. N-aminomethyldopa
10. Carbidopum
11. Carbidopum [inn-latin]
12. Carbidopa (anhydrous)
13. S(-)-carbidopa
14. Mk 486
15. (2s)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-hydrazinyl-2-methylpropanoic Acid
16. Carbidopa [inn]
17. L-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-methyl-2-hydrazinopropionic Acid
18. (2s)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-hydrazino-2-methylpropanoic Acid
19. (-)-l-alpha-hydrazino-3,4-dihydroxy-alpha-methylhydrocinnamic Acid
20. (s)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-hydrazinyl-2-methylpropanoic Acid
21. Kr87b45rgh
22. (alphas)-alpha-hydrazino-3,4-dihydroxy-alpha-methylbenzenepropanoic Acid
23. Chebi:39585
24. 28860-95-9 (anhydrous)
25. Ncgc00024596-05
26. Hadrazino-alpha-methyldopa
27. C-dopa
28. 3,3,3-trideuterio-2-[dideuterio-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)methyl]-2-hydrazinylpropanoic Acid
29. Smr000058235
30. Ccris 5093
31. Sr-01000597655
32. Einecs 249-271-9
33. Unii-kr87b45rgh
34. Benzenepropanoic Acid, .alpha.-hydrazino-3,4-dihydroxy-.alpha.-methyl-, (s)-
35. Alpha-hydrazino-alpha-methyl-beta-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propionic Acid
36. L-alpha-methyl-alpha-hydrazino-beta-(3,4-dihydroxyphenylpropionic Acid
37. L-alpha-methyl-beta-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-alpha-hydrazinopropionic Acid
38. Mfcd00069231
39. Nd0611
40. Tocris-0455
41. C-126
42. Dsstox_cid_2735
43. Carbidopa [who-dd]
44. Dsstox_rid_76707
45. Dsstox_gsid_22735
46. Lopac0_000382
47. Schembl35084
48. Mls000069628
49. Mls002207014
50. S-(-)-carbidopa Monohydrate
51. Gtpl5159
52. Carbidopa, L- Anhydrous
53. Carbidopa Anhydrous [mi]
54. Chembl1201236
55. Dtxsid4022735
56. Hms2089b12
57. Hms3266a20
58. Hms3411m13
59. Hms3655g20
60. Hms3675m13
61. Hms3713l10
62. Hms3884m14
63. Hy-b0311
64. Tox21_110910
65. (2s)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-hydrazino-2-methyl-propanoic Acid
66. Bdbm50418773
67. Nsc751137
68. S1891
69. Zinc19168887
70. Akos015969657
71. Benzenepropanoic Acid, Alpha-hydrazino-3,4-dihydroxy-alpha-methyl-, (s)-
72. Hydrocinnamic Acid, Alpha-hydrazino-3,4-dihydroxy-alpha-methyl-, L-
73. Ac-1676
74. Ccg-204476
75. Db00190
76. Sdccgmls-0072919.p025
77. Mls-0072919
78. Smp1_000057
79. Ncgc00024596-01
80. Ncgc00024596-03
81. Ncgc00024596-06
82. Ncgc00024596-07
83. Ncgc00024596-08
84. As-16862
85. Bc164279
86. Mls-0072919.p013
87. Cas-28860-95-9
88. Eu-0100382
89. Sw199080-2
90. 60c959
91. Ab00441332-05
92. Ab00441332-06
93. Ab00441332_07
94. Ab00441332_08
95. Sr-01000597655-1
96. Sr-01000597655-3
97. Sr-01000597655-5
98. Sr-01000597655-9
99. Brd-k78712176-001-07-5
100. Benzenepropanoic Acid, A-hydrazino-3,4-dihydroxy-a-methyl-
101. (-)-l-alpha-hydrazino-3,4-dihydroxy-alpha-methylhydrocinamic Acid
102. (s)-?-hydrazino-?-methyl-?-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propionic Acid
103. (s)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-hydrazino-2-methylpropionic Acid
104. (s)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-hydrazinyl-2-methylpropanoicacid
105. (2s)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-hydrazinyl-2-methyl-propanoic Acid
106. (2s)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-hydrazino-2-methylpropionic Acid Monohydrate
107. Benzenepropanoic Acid, .alpha.-hydrazinyl-3,4-dihydroxy-.alpha.-methyl-, (.alpha.s)-
108. Kinson; 3-(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-2-hydrazino-2-methyl-propionic Acid
109. 1426847-87-1
| Molecular Weight | 226.23 g/mol |
|---|---|
| Molecular Formula | C10H14N2O4 |
| XLogP3 | -2.2 |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | 5 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | 6 |
| Rotatable Bond Count | 4 |
| Exact Mass | 226.09535693 g/mol |
| Monoisotopic Mass | 226.09535693 g/mol |
| Topological Polar Surface Area | 116 Ų |
| Heavy Atom Count | 16 |
| Formal Charge | 0 |
| Complexity | 261 |
| Isotope Atom Count | 0 |
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count | 1 |
| Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Defined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Covalently Bonded Unit Count | 1 |
| 1 of 4 | |
|---|---|
| Drug Name | Carbidopa |
| PubMed Health | Carbidopa (By mouth) |
| Drug Classes | Antiparkinsonian |
| Drug Label | Carbidopa and levodopa extended release tablets are extended release combination of carbidopa and levodopa for the treatment of Parkinsons disease and syndrome.Carbidopa, an inhibitor of aromatic amino acid decarboxylation, is a white, crystalline... |
| Active Ingredient | Carbidopa |
| Dosage Form | Tablet |
| Route | Oral |
| Strength | 25mg |
| Market Status | Prescription |
| Company | Amerigen Pharms |
| 2 of 4 | |
|---|---|
| Drug Name | Lodosyn |
| PubMed Health | Carbidopa (By mouth) |
| Drug Classes | Antiparkinsonian |
| Drug Label | Carbidopa, an inhibitor of aromatic amino acid decarboxylation, is a white, crystalline compound, slightly soluble in water, with a molecular weight of 244.3. It is designated chemically as ()-L--hydrazino--methyl--(3,4-dihydroxybenzene) pro... |
| Active Ingredient | Carbidopa |
| Dosage Form | Tablet |
| Route | Oral |
| Strength | 25mg |
| Market Status | Prescription |
| Company | Aton |
| 3 of 4 | |
|---|---|
| Drug Name | Carbidopa |
| PubMed Health | Carbidopa (By mouth) |
| Drug Classes | Antiparkinsonian |
| Drug Label | Carbidopa and levodopa extended release tablets are extended release combination of carbidopa and levodopa for the treatment of Parkinsons disease and syndrome.Carbidopa, an inhibitor of aromatic amino acid decarboxylation, is a white, crystalline... |
| Active Ingredient | Carbidopa |
| Dosage Form | Tablet |
| Route | Oral |
| Strength | 25mg |
| Market Status | Prescription |
| Company | Amerigen Pharms |
| 4 of 4 | |
|---|---|
| Drug Name | Lodosyn |
| PubMed Health | Carbidopa (By mouth) |
| Drug Classes | Antiparkinsonian |
| Drug Label | Carbidopa, an inhibitor of aromatic amino acid decarboxylation, is a white, crystalline compound, slightly soluble in water, with a molecular weight of 244.3. It is designated chemically as ()-L--hydrazino--methyl--(3,4-dihydroxybenzene) pro... |
| Active Ingredient | Carbidopa |
| Dosage Form | Tablet |
| Route | Oral |
| Strength | 25mg |
| Market Status | Prescription |
| Company | Aton |
Carbidopa is indicated with [levodopa] for the treatment of symptoms of idiopathic Parkinson disease, postencephalitic parkinsonism and symptomatic parkinsonism followed by carbon monoxide or manganese intoxication. The combination therapy is administered for the reduction of [levodopa]-driven nausea and vomiting. The product of carbidopa should be used in patients where the combination therapy of carbidopa/[levodopa] provide less than the adequate daily dosage. As well carbidopa can be used in patients where the dosages of carbidopa and [levodopa] require individual titration.
FDA Label
When mixed with [levodopa], carbidopa inhibits the peripheral conversion of [levodopa] to dopamine and the decarboxylation of [oxitriptan] to serotonin by aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase. This results in an increased amount of [levodopa] and [oxitriptan] available for transport to the central nervous system. Carbidopa also inhibits the metabolism of [levodopa] in the GI tract, thus, increasing the bioavailability of [levodopa]. The presence of additional units of circulating [levodopa] can increase the effectiveness of the still functional dopaminergic neurons and it has been shown to alleviate symptoms for a time. The action of carbidopa is very important as [levodopa] is able to cross the blood-brain barrier while dopamine cannot. Hence the administration of carbidopa is essential to prevent the transformation of external [levodopa] to dopamine before reaching the main action site in the brain. The coadministration of carbidopa with [levodopa] has been shown to increase the half-life of [levodopa] more than 1.5 times while increasing the plasma level and decreasing clearance. The combination therapy has also shown an increase of the recovery of [levodopa] in urine instead of dopamine which proves a reduced metabolism. This effect has been highly observed by a significant reduction in [levodopa] requirements and a significant reduction in the presence of side effects such as nausea. It has been observed that the effect of carbidopa is not dose-dependent.
Antiparkinson Agents
Agents used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. The most commonly used drugs act on the dopaminergic system in the striatum and basal ganglia or are centrally acting muscarinic antagonists. (See all compounds classified as Antiparkinson Agents.)
Aromatic Amino Acid Decarboxylase Inhibitors
Compounds and drugs that block or inhibit the enzymatic action of AROMATIC AMINO ACID DECARBOXYLASES. Pharmaceutical agents in this category are used in conjunction with LEVODOPA in order to slow its metabolism. (See all compounds classified as Aromatic Amino Acid Decarboxylase Inhibitors.)
Dopamine Agents
Any drugs that are used for their effects on dopamine receptors, on the life cycle of dopamine, or on the survival of dopaminergic neurons. (See all compounds classified as Dopamine Agents.)
Absorption
When [levodopa]/carbidopa is administered orally, 40-70% of the administered dose is absorbed. Once absorbed, carbidopa shows bioavailability of 58%. A maximum concentration of 0.085 mcg/ml was achieved after 143 min with an AUC of 19.28 mcg.min/ml.
Route of Elimination
In animal studies, 66% of the administered dose of carbidopa was eliminated via the urine while 11% was found in feces. These studies were performed in humans and it was observed a urine excretion covering 50% of the administered dose.
Volume of Distribution
The volume of distribution reported for the combination therapy of carbidopa/[levodopa] is of 3.6 L/kg. However, carbidopa is widely distributed in the tissues, except in the brain. After one hour, carbidopa is found mainly in the kidney, lungs, small intestine and liver.
Clearance
The reported clearance rate for the combination therapy of [levodopa]/carbidopa is 51.7 L/h.
The loss of the hydrazine functional group (probably as molecular nitrogen) represents the major metabolic pathway for carbidopa. There are several metabolites of carbidopa metabolism including 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-methylpropionic acid, 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-methylpropionic acid, 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methylpropionic acid, 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-methyllactic acid, 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methyllactic acid, and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetone (1,2).
The reported half-life of carbidopa is of approximately 107 minutes.
Carbidopa is an inhibitor of the DDC which in order, inhibits the peripheral metabolism of levodopa. DDC is very important in the biosynthesis of L-tryptophan to serotonin and the modification of L-DOPA to dopamine. DDC can be found in the body periphery and in the blood-brain barrier. The action of carbidopa is focused on peripheral DDC as this drug cannot cross the blood-brain barrier. Hence, it will prevent the metabolism of [levodopa] in the periphery but it will not have any activity on the generation of dopamine in the brain.
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