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2D Structure
Also known as: Ethyl chloride, 75-00-3, Ethane, chloro-, Chlorene, Chelen, Monochloroethane
Molecular Formula
C2H5Cl
Molecular Weight
64.51  g/mol
InChI Key
HRYZWHHZPQKTII-UHFFFAOYSA-N
FDA UNII
46U771ERWK

A gas that condenses under slight pressure. Because of its low boiling point ethyl chloride sprayed on skin produces an intense cold by evaporation. Cold blocks nerve conduction. Ethyl chloride has been used in surgery but is primarily used to relieve local pain in sports medicine.
1 2D Structure

2D Structure

2 Identification
2.1 Computed Descriptors
2.1.1 IUPAC Name
chloroethane
2.1.2 InChI
InChI=1S/C2H5Cl/c1-2-3/h2H2,1H3
2.1.3 InChI Key
HRYZWHHZPQKTII-UHFFFAOYSA-N
2.1.4 Canonical SMILES
CCCl
2.2 Other Identifiers
2.2.1 UNII
46U771ERWK
2.3 Synonyms
2.3.1 MeSH Synonyms

1. Chemirosa, Cloretilo

2. Chloraethyl Dr. Henning

3. Chloride, Ethyl

4. Cloretilo Chemirosa

5. Ethyl Chloride

6. Gebauer Ethyl Chloride

7. Gebauer's Ethyl Chloride

8. Gebauers Ethyl Chloride

9. Wariactiv

2.3.2 Depositor-Supplied Synonyms

1. Ethyl Chloride

2. 75-00-3

3. Ethane, Chloro-

4. Chlorene

5. Chelen

6. Monochloroethane

7. Anodynon

8. Chlorethyl

9. Cloretilo

10. Dublofix

11. Chloryl

12. Ether Chloratus

13. Ether Muriatic

14. Muriatic Ether

15. Aethylis Chloridum

16. Chloryl Anesthetic

17. Ether Hydrochloric

18. Hydrochloric Ether

19. Monochlorethane

20. Narcotile

21. Kelene

22. Aethylis

23. Chloridum

24. Aethylchlorid

25. Chloorethaan

26. Chloroaethan

27. Cloroetano

28. Etylu Chlorek

29. Cloruro Di Etile

30. C2h5cl

31. Chlorure D'ethyle

32. Chlorinated Ethanes

33. Nci-c06224

34. Ccris 3349

35. Hsdb 533

36. Ethane, Chloro Derivs.

37. Mono-chloroethane

38. Chloryle Anesthetic

39. Ai3-24474

40. Ethyl Chloride [usp]

41. 46u771erwk

42. 68411-72-3

43. Chebi:47554

44. Ethyl Chloride (usp)

45. Ether Chloridum

46. Chloorethaan [dutch]

47. Cloroetano [italian]

48. Chloroaethan [german]

49. Ethylchloride

50. Aethylchlorid [german]

51. Aethylchloride

52. Aethylchloride [german]

53. Etylu Chlorek [polish]

54. Mfcd00000961

55. Chlorure D'ethyle [french]

56. Cloruro Di Etile [italian]

57. Polychlorinated Ethanes

58. Gebauer's Ethyl Chloride

59. Einecs 200-830-5

60. Un1037

61. Chloranylethane

62. Unii-46u771erwk

63. Aetyl Chloride

64. Chloro-ethane

65. 1-chloroethane #

66. Chloroethane 99%

67. Einecs 270-142-8

68. Chlorinated Ethane Byproduct Residues

69. Ethyl Chloride (chloroethane)

70. Un 1037

71. Chloroethyl Group

72. 1-chloro-ethane

73. Chloroethane [iarc]

74. Ec 200-830-5

75. Chloroethane, >=98.0%

76. Chloroethane, >=99.7%

77. Chloroethane, >=99.8%

78. Ethyl Chloride [mi]

79. Chembl46058

80. Ethyl Chloride [hsdb]

81. Ethyl Chloride [vandf]

82. Ethane, Chloro- (8ci,9ci)

83. Ethyl Chloride [mart.]

84. Dtxsid1020302

85. Ethyl Chloride [who-dd]

86. Chloroethane, Purum, >=98.0%

87. Ethyl Chloride [usp Impurity]

88. Akos000261558

89. Db13259

90. Chloroethane 100 Microg/ml In Methanol

91. Ethyl Chloride [un1037] [flammable Gas]

92. F 160

93. Ft-0694900

94. R 160

95. C18248

96. D04088

97. A838306

98. Q409133

99. Chloroethane (ca. 15% In Tetrahydrofuran, Ca. 2.0mol/l)

100. Chloroethane Solution, 2.0 M In Diethyl Ether, Anhydrous

101. Chloroethane Solution, 1000 Mug/ml In Methanol, Analytical Standard

102. Chloroethane Solution, 2.0 M In Tert-butyl Methyl Ether, Anhydrous

103. Chloroethane Solution, 200 Mug/ml In Methanol, Analytical Standard

104. Chloroethane Solution, Certified Reference Material, Tracecert(r), 1000 Mug/ml In Methanol, Ampule Of 1 Ml

2.4 Create Date
2005-03-27
3 Chemical and Physical Properties
Molecular Weight 64.51 g/mol
Molecular Formula C2H5Cl
XLogP31.2
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count0
Rotatable Bond Count0
Exact Mass64.0079779 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass64.0079779 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area0 Ų
Heavy Atom Count3
Formal Charge0
Complexity2.8
Isotope Atom Count0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count0
Covalently Bonded Unit Count1
4 Drug and Medication Information
4.1 Therapeutic Uses

Anesthetics, Local

National Library of Medicine's Medical Subject Headings online file (MeSH, 1999)


Ethyl chloride is applied topically as a spray.

McEvoy, G.K. (ed.). AHFS Drug Information 90. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Hospital Pharmacists, Inc., 1990 (Plus Supplements 1990)., p. 2051


For use in local anesthesia ... /and/ used as a counterirritant ... .

McEvoy, G.K. (ed.). AHFS Drug Information 90. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Hospital Pharmacists, Inc., 1990 (Plus Supplements 1990)., p. 2051


MEDICATION (VET): Use of ethyl chloride ... restricted to the cat. ... May also be used to anesthetize birds. ... /Also/ for parakeets and canaries ... .

Booth, N.H., L.E. McDonald (eds.). Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 5th ed. Ames, Iowa: Iowa State University Press, 1982., p. 196


For more Therapeutic Uses (Complete) data for ETHYL CHLORIDE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.


4.2 Drug Warning

Because ethyl chloride is highly flammable, it should not be used in areas where ignition may occur. ... The drug should not be applied to broken skin or mucous membranes. During application of ethyl chloride, the skin adjacent to the area being treated should be covered with petrolatum to protect against tissue sloughing. ... Caution must be observed to avoid spilling the liquid on the skin. ... Deep general anesthesia followed by death has been reported. ... The patient should be observed for delayed nephrotoxicity or hepatotoxicity.

McEvoy, G.K. (ed.). AHFS Drug Information 90. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Hospital Pharmacists, Inc., 1990 (Plus Supplements 1990)., p. 2051


... The drug incr cardiac irritability and causes spontaneous arrhythmias. Asystole may occur before medullary paralysis. For this reason, the use of the drug by inhalation has been abandoned.

Haddad, L.M. and Winchester, J.F. Clinical Management of Poisoning and Drug Overdosage. Philadelphia, PA: W.B. Saunders Co., 1983., p. 768


5 Pharmacology and Biochemistry
5.1 MeSH Pharmacological Classification

Anesthetics, Local

Drugs that block nerve conduction when applied locally to nerve tissue in appropriate concentrations. They act on any part of the nervous system and on every type of nerve fiber. In contact with a nerve trunk, these anesthetics can cause both sensory and motor paralysis in the innervated area. Their action is completely reversible. (From Gilman AG, et. al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed) Nearly all local anesthetics act by reducing the tendency of voltage-dependent sodium channels to activate. (See all compounds classified as Anesthetics, Local.)


5.2 ATC Code

N - Nervous system

N01 - Anesthetics

N01B - Anesthetics, local

N01BX - Other local anesthetics

N01BX01 - Ethyl chloride


5.3 Absorption, Distribution and Excretion

IT IS EASILY ABSORBED THROUGH MUCOUS MEMBRANES AND THE LUNG AND THROUGH THE SKIN. ETHYL CHLORIDE IS QUICKLY ELIMINATED FROM THE BODY; MOST OF THIS ELIMINATION OCCURS THROUGH THE LUNG.

American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values for Substances in Workroom Air. Third Edition, 1971. Cincinnati, Ohio: American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 1971. (Plus supplements to 1979), p. 107


The major portion of an inhaled dose is eliminated unchanged in exhaled breath, but minute traces may remain in the blood for some time ... . Some of the compound is also excreted in the urine, feces, and sweat.

USEPA; Summary Review of Health Effects Associated with Monochloroethane Health Issue Assessment. p 15 (1988) NTIS PB 88-236047


5.4 Metabolism/Metabolites

... Ethyl chloride is not metabolized to a significant degree.

Clayton, G. D. and F. E. Clayton (eds.). Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology: Volume 2A, 2B, 2C: Toxicology. 3rd ed. New York: John Wiley Sons, 1981-1982., p. 3483


... Dechlorination of a number of chloroethanes ... /was evaluated/ using hepatic microsome preparations from rats. ... For monochloroethane, enzymatic losses of chlorine amounted to less than 0.5 percent of the initial amount of radiolabel used. However, ... some dechlorination (not quantified) occurred in the absence of NADP, suggesting an alternate pathway of metabolism or a nonenzymatic breakdown of the compound.

USEPA; Summary Review of Health Effects Associated with Monochloroethane Health Issue Assessment. p 16 (1988) NTIS PB 88-236047