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2D Structure
Also known as: 2216712-66-0, Vx-445, Elexacaftor [usan], Rrn67gmb0v, Elexacaftor (usan), (s)-n-((1,3-dimethyl-1h-pyrazol-4-yl)sulfonyl)-6-(3-(3,3,3-trifluoro-2,2-dimethylpropoxy)-1h-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-(2,2,4-trimethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)nicotinamide
Molecular Formula
C26H34F3N7O4S
Molecular Weight
597.7  g/mol
InChI Key
MVRHVFSOIWFBTE-INIZCTEOSA-N
FDA UNII
RRN67GMB0V

Elexacaftor (previously VX-445) is a small molecule, next-generation corrector of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. It received FDA approval in October 2019 in combination with [tezacaftor] and [ivacaftor] as the combination product TrikaftaTM. Elexacaftor is considered a next-generation CFTR corrector as it possesses both a different structure and mechanism as compared to first generation correctors like tezacaftor. While dual corrector/potentiator combination therapy has proven useful in the treatment of a subset of CF patients, their use is typically limited to patients who are homozygous for the F508del-CFTR gene. Elexacaftor, along with [VX-659], was designed to fill the need for an efficacious CF therapy for patients who are heterozygous for F508del-CFTR and a gene that does not produce protein or produces proteins unresponsive to ivacaftor or tezacaftor. The triple combination product TrikaftaTM, manufactured by Vertex Pharmaceuticals, is the first product approved for the treatment of CF in individuals who are either homo- or heterozygous for the F508del-CFTR gene - this represents approximately 70-90% of all CF patients.
1 2D Structure

2D Structure

2 Identification
2.1 Computed Descriptors
2.1.1 IUPAC Name
N-(1,3-dimethylpyrazol-4-yl)sulfonyl-6-[3-(3,3,3-trifluoro-2,2-dimethylpropoxy)pyrazol-1-yl]-2-[(4S)-2,2,4-trimethylpyrrolidin-1-yl]pyridine-3-carboxamide
2.1.2 InChI
InChI=1S/C26H34F3N7O4S/c1-16-12-25(5,6)35(13-16)22-18(23(37)33-41(38,39)19-14-34(7)31-17(19)2)8-9-20(30-22)36-11-10-21(32-36)40-15-24(3,4)26(27,28)29/h8-11,14,16H,12-13,15H2,1-7H3,(H,33,37)/t16-/m0/s1
2.1.3 InChI Key
MVRHVFSOIWFBTE-INIZCTEOSA-N
2.1.4 Canonical SMILES
CC1CC(N(C1)C2=C(C=CC(=N2)N3C=CC(=N3)OCC(C)(C)C(F)(F)F)C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C4=CN(N=C4C)C)(C)C
2.1.5 Isomeric SMILES
C[C@H]1CC(N(C1)C2=C(C=CC(=N2)N3C=CC(=N3)OCC(C)(C)C(F)(F)F)C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C4=CN(N=C4C)C)(C)C
2.2 Other Identifiers
2.2.1 UNII
RRN67GMB0V
2.3 Synonyms
2.3.1 MeSH Synonyms

1. 3-pyridinecarboxamide, N-((1,3-dimethyl-1h-pyrazol-4-yl)sulfonyl)-6-(3-(3,3,3-trifluoro-2,2-dimethylpropoxy)-1h-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-((4s)-2,2,4-trimethyl-1-pyrrolidinyl)-

2. Vx-445

3. Vx445

2.3.2 Depositor-Supplied Synonyms

1. 2216712-66-0

2. Vx-445

3. Elexacaftor [usan]

4. Rrn67gmb0v

5. Elexacaftor (usan)

6. (s)-n-((1,3-dimethyl-1h-pyrazol-4-yl)sulfonyl)-6-(3-(3,3,3-trifluoro-2,2-dimethylpropoxy)-1h-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-(2,2,4-trimethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)nicotinamide

7. 3-pyridinecarboxamide, N-((1,3-dimethyl-1h-pyrazol-4-yl)sulfonyl)-6-(3-(3,3,3-trifluoro-2,2-dimethylpropoxy)-1h-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-((4s)-2,2,4-trimethyl-1-pyrrolidinyl)-

8. N-(1,3-dimethylpyrazol-4-yl)sulfonyl-6-[3-(3,3,3-trifluoro-2,2-dimethylpropoxy)pyrazol-1-yl]-2-[(4s)-2,2,4-trimethylpyrrolidin-1-yl]pyridine-3-carboxamide

9. (6p)-n-(1,3-dimethyl-1h-pyrazole-4-sulfonyl)-6-[3-(3,3,3-trifluoro-2,2-dimethylpropoxy)-1h-pyrazol-1-yl]-2-[(4s)-2,2,4-trimethylpyrrolidin-1-yl]pyridine-3-carboxamide

10. Wjx

11. Elexacaftor [mi]

12. Unii-rrn67gmb0v

13. Elexacaftor [inn]

14. Elexacaftor (vx-445)

15. Elexacaftor [who-dd]

16. Elexacaftor/ivacaftor/tezacaftor

17. Chembl4298128

18. Schembl20239811

19. Gtpl10552

20. Elexacaftor [orange Book]

21. Dtxsid901027907

22. Ex-a3637

23. S8851

24. Trikafta Component Elexacaftor

25. Vx-445vx-445

26. Who 11180

27. At16051

28. Db15444

29. Elexacaftor Component Of Trikafta

30. Compound 1 [wo2018107100a1]

31. Ac-36746

32. Hy-111772

33. Cs-0090942

34. D11507

35. A930250

2.4 Create Date
2018-06-23
3 Chemical and Physical Properties
Molecular Weight 597.7 g/mol
Molecular Formula C26H34F3N7O4S
XLogP34.9
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count11
Rotatable Bond Count8
Exact Mass597.23450825 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass597.23450825 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area133 Ų
Heavy Atom Count41
Formal Charge0
Complexity1050
Isotope Atom Count0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count1
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count0
Covalently Bonded Unit Count1
4 Drug and Medication Information
4.1 Drug Indication

Elexacaftor, in combination with [ivacaftor] and [tezacaftor] as the combination product TrikaftaTM, is indicated for the treatment of cystic fibrosis (CF) in patients 12 years of age and older who have at least one _F508del_ mutation in the CTFR gene.


5 Pharmacology and Biochemistry
5.1 Pharmacology

As a CFTR corrector, elexacaftor works to increase the amount of mature CFTR proteins present on the surface of cells. When used in combination with CFTR potentiators, which enhance the function of cell-surface CFTR proteins, drugs like elexacaftor help to improve a variety of multi-organ cystic fibrosis symptoms, including lung function, nutritional status, and overall quality of life. TrikaftaTM, the triple combination product containing elexacaftor, may cause elevations in liver transaminases. Liver function testing should be conducted prior to beginning Trikafta, every 3 months for the first year of treatment, and annually thereafter.


5.2 MeSH Pharmacological Classification

Chloride Channel Agonists

A class of drugs that stimulate chloride ion influx through cell membrane channels. (See all compounds classified as Chloride Channel Agonists.)


5.3 Absorption, Distribution and Excretion

Absorption

The absolute oral bioavailability of elexacaftor is approximately 80%. The steady-state AUC0-24h and Cmax following once daily dosing with elexacaftor 200mg are 162 mcgh/mL and 8.7 mcg/mL, respectively, and the median Tmax is 6 hours. The AUC of elexacaftor is increased 1.9-2.5-fold following a moderate-fat meal - for this reason, it is recommended to give TrikaftaTM with fat-containing food.


Route of Elimination

Approximately 87.3% of an administered radio-labeled dose of elexacaftor was found in the feces, mostly as metabolites, while only 0.23% of that same dose was found excreted in the urine.


Volume of Distribution

The apparent volume of distribution of elexacaftor is 53.7 L.


Clearance

The mean apparent clearance of elexacaftor is 1.18 L/h.


5.4 Metabolism/Metabolites

The metabolism of elexacaftor is extensive and primarily catalyzed via CYP3A4/5. Its main active metabolite, M23-ELX, carries a similar potency as the parent drug. The precise metabolic pathway of elexacaftor has not yet been elucidated in published research.


5.5 Biological Half-Life

The mean terminal half-life of elexacaftor is approximately 24.7 hours.


5.6 Mechanism of Action

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the result of a mutation in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. The CFTR proteins produced by this gene are transmembrane ion channels that move sodium and chloride across cell membranes - water follows the flow of chloride ions to the cell surface, which consequently helps to hydrate the surface of the cell and thin the secretions (i.e. mucous) around the cell. Mutations in the CFTR gene produce CFTR proteins of insufficient quantity and/or function, leading to defective ion transport and a build-up of thick mucous throughout the body that causes multi-organ disease involving the pulmonary, gastrointestinal, and pancreatic systems (amongst others). The most common CFTR mutation, the _F508del_ mutation, is estimated to account for 70 to 90% of all CFTR mutations and results in severe processing and trafficking defects of the CFTR protein. Elexacaftor is a CFTR corrector that modulates CFTR proteins to facilitate trafficking to the cell surface for incorporation into the cell membrane. The end result is an increase in the number of mature CFTR proteins present at the cell surface and, therefore, improved ion transport and CF symptomatology. Elexacaftor is used in combination with tezacaftor, another CFTR corrector with a different mechanism of action, and ivacaftor, a CFTR potentiator that improves the function of CFTR proteins on the cell surface - this multi-faceted, triple-drug approach confers a synergistic effect beyond that seen in typical corrector/potentiator dual therapy regimens.