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Technical details about Gallium Chloride, learn more about the structure, uses, toxicity, action, side effects and more

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2D Structure
1. Also known as: 13450-90-3, Trichlorogallane, Trichlorogallium, Gallium chloride (gacl3), Gallium(3+) chloride, Gacl3
Molecular Formula
Cl3Ga
Molecular Weight
176.08  g/mol
InChI Key
UPWPDUACHOATKO-UHFFFAOYSA-K

1 2D Structure

2D Structure

2 Identification
2.1 Computed Descriptors
2.1.1 IUPAC Name
trichlorogallane
2.1.2 InChI
InChI=1S/3ClH.Ga/h3*1H;/q;;;+3/p-3
2.1.3 InChI Key
UPWPDUACHOATKO-UHFFFAOYSA-K
2.1.4 Canonical SMILES
Cl[Ga](Cl)Cl
2.2 Synonyms
2.2.1 Depositor-Supplied Synonyms

1. 13450-90-3

2. Trichlorogallane

3. Trichlorogallium

4. Gallium Chloride (gacl3)

5. Gallium(3+) Chloride

6. Gacl3

7. Gallium(iii) Chloride Solution

8. Mfcd00011018

9. Gallium(iii) Chloride, Ultra Dry

10. Ccris 4492

11. Hsdb 6445

12. Einecs 236-610-0

13. Nsc 94002

14. Gallium Chloride, Gacl3

15. Wln: Ga G3

16. Unii-4y6gqd4915

17. Dtxsid8031360

18. Gallium(iii) Chloride Anhydrous

19. Gallium (iii) Chloride, Anhydrous

20. Nsc94002

21. Gallium(iii) Chloride, Anhydrous Lump

22. Gallium(iii) Chloride, Anhydrous, Beads,

23. Gallium(iii) Chloride, Anhydrous, Granular

24. Cs-0085456

25. D90758

26. Q31153

27. Gallium(iii) Chloride Solution, 0.5 M In Pentane

28. Gallium(iii) Chloride Beads, Anhydrous, =99.999% Trace Metals Basis

29. Gallium(iii) Chloride, Beads, Anhydrous, >=99.999% Trace Metals Basis

30. Gallium(iii) Chloride, Anhydrous, Beads, -10 Mesh, 99.99% Trace Metals Basis

2.3 Create Date
2005-03-26
3 Chemical and Physical Properties
Molecular Weight 176.08 g/mol
Molecular Formula Cl3Ga
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count0
Rotatable Bond Count0
Exact Mass173.83213 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass173.83213 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area0 Ų
Heavy Atom Count4
Formal Charge0
Complexity8
Isotope Atom Count0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count0
Covalently Bonded Unit Count1
4 Pharmacology and Biochemistry
4.1 Absorption, Distribution and Excretion

The gastrointestinal absorption of cationic gallium salts in mammals is less than 1% for physiologic doses ... /due/ to the hydrolysis of the Ga+3 salts to insoluble and unabsorbable gallium hydroxide Ga(OH)3. /Gallium salts/

Venugopal, B. and T.D. Luckey. Metal Toxicity in Mammals, 2. New York: Plenum Press, 1978., p. 113


Following inhalation of gallium trichloride aerosols containing 0.125-0.25 mg Ga/liter, gallium is retained in the alveoli and not absorbed. There are no reports of absorption of gallium through the skin. ... Parenterally injected gallium compounds are excreted mainly in the urine; only about 7.8% of a dose of gallium trichloride and 3.3% of a dose of gallium citrate are excreted in the feces.

Venugopal, B. and T.D. Luckey. Metal Toxicity in Mammals, 2. New York: Plenum Press, 1978., p. 114


Feeding GaCl3 at dietary levels of 10, 100, 500, and 1000 ppm as gallium for 26 weeks, however, resulted in no discernible toxic response in rats; no gallium could be found in the soft tissues, and traces in bone indicated negligible absorption.

Clayton, G.D., F.E. Clayton (eds.) Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. Volumes 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, 2E, 2F: Toxicology. 4th ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons Inc., 1993-1994., p. 2009


Rats fed gallium trichloride at dietary levels of 500 or 10000 ppm gallium for 26 weeks exhibited no observable toxic symptoms. Autopsy revealed no gallium in soft tissues and only minute traces in bone. However, parenterally injected gallium salts showed variation in the toxicity levels (LD50 values) in different species, depending upon the mode of administration. ... Intravenous admin of gallium trichloride ... was highly toxic, and sometimes immediately lethal, because of colloidal gallium hydroxide Ga(OH)3 formation in the blood.

Venugopal, B. and T.D. Luckey. Metal Toxicity in Mammals, 2. New York: Plenum Press, 1978., p. 114


4.2 Mechanism of Action

There are no reports of any evidence for the presence of a homeostatic mechanism for gallium in mammals.

Venugopal, B. and T.D. Luckey. Metal Toxicity in Mammals, 2. New York: Plenum Press, 1978., p. 114


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