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    Gallium citrate Ga 67

    ACTIVE PHARMA INGREDIENTS

    FINISHED DOSAGE FORMULATIONS

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    2D Structure
    Also known as: Gallium citrate ga 67, Gallium-67 citrate, Gallium (67 ga) citrate, 41183-64-6, Gallium (67ga) citrate, Gallium-(sup 67)ga citrate (1:1)
    Molecular Formula
    C6H5GaO7
    Molecular Weight
    256.03  g/mol
    InChI Key
    YEEGWNXDUZONAA-RYDPDVNUSA-K
    FDA UNII
    4LJK511Z86
    Gallium Citrate Ga-67 is the citrate salt of the radioisotope gallium Ga 67. Although the mechanism is unknown, gallium Ga 67 concentrates in lysosomes and is bound to a soluble intracellular protein in certain viable primary and metastatic tumors and focal sites of inflammation, allowing scintigraphic localization. Ga-67 scintigraphy (GS) cannot differentiate between tumor and acute inflammation.
    Gallium citrate ga-67 is a Radioactive Diagnostic Agent. The mechanism of action of gallium citrate ga-67 is as a Radiopharmaceutical Activity.
    1 2D Structure

    2D Structure

    2 Identification
    2.1 Computed Descriptors
    2.1.1 IUPAC Name
    gallium-67(3+);2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate
    2.1.2 InChI
    InChI=1S/C6H8O7.Ga/c7-3(8)1-6(13,5(11)12)2-4(9)10;/h13H,1-2H2,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)(H,11,12);/q;+3/p-3/i;1-3
    2.1.3 InChI Key
    YEEGWNXDUZONAA-RYDPDVNUSA-K
    2.1.4 Canonical SMILES
    C(C(=O)[O-])C(CC(=O)[O-])(C(=O)[O-])O.[Ga+3]
    2.1.5 Isomeric SMILES
    C(C(=O)[O-])C(CC(=O)[O-])(C(=O)[O-])O.[67Ga+3]
    2.2 Other Identifiers
    2.2.1 UNII
    4LJK511Z86
    2.3 Synonyms
    2.3.1 MeSH Synonyms

    1. 67ga Radioisotope

    2. Ga-67 Radioisotope

    3. Gallium-67

    2.3.2 Depositor-Supplied Synonyms

    1. Gallium Citrate Ga 67

    2. Gallium-67 Citrate

    3. Gallium (67 Ga) Citrate

    4. 41183-64-6

    5. Gallium (67ga) Citrate

    6. Gallium-(sup 67)ga Citrate (1:1)

    7. Neoscan

    8. Gallium ((sup 67)ga) Citrate

    9. Gallium (67ga) Citrate [inn]

    10. 4ljk511z86

    11. 1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic Acid, 2-hydroxy-, Gallium-(sup 67)ga (1:1) Salt

    12. Gallium (67ga) Citrate (inn)

    13. (67-ga)gallium Citrate

    14. Gallium Citrate (ga67)

    15. Einecs 255-248-4

    16. Gallii (67 Ga) Citras

    17. Gallii (67 Ga) Citras [inn-latin]

    18. Citrato De Galio (67 Ga)

    19. Citrate De Gallium (67 Ga)

    20. Unii-4ljk511z86

    21. Citrato De Galio (67 Ga) [inn-spanish]

    22. Citrate De Gallium (67 Ga) [inn-french]

    23. Gallium Citrate, Ga-67

    24. 67ga Radioisotope

    25. Neoscan (tn)

    26. Ga-67 Radioisotope

    27. Gallium 67 Citrate

    28. Gallium Citrate,ga-67

    29. Gallium Ga-67 Citrate

    30. Gallium Citrate Ga 67 [usan:usp:jan]

    31. Gallium Citrate (67 Ga)

    32. Schembl9754280

    33. Gallium Citrate Ga 67 (usp)

    34. Gallium-67ga Citrate (1:1)

    35. Gallium-67(3+); 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate

    36. Chebi:31645

    37. Dtxsid70194107

    38. Gallium Citrate Ga 67 [mi]

    39. Db06784

    40. Gallium Citrate Ga 67 [usan]

    41. Gallium Citrate,ga-67 [vandf]

    42. Gallium (67ga) Citrate [who-dd]

    43. Gallium (67ga) Citrate Injection (jp17)

    44. Gallium Citrate Ga-67 [orange Book]

    45. Gallium Citrate Ga 67 [usp Impurity]

    46. D01936

    47. Q27260007

    48. 1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic Acid, 2-hydroxy-, Gallium-67ga (1:1) Salt

    2.4 Create Date
    2005-06-24
    3 Chemical and Physical Properties
    Molecular Weight 256.03 g/mol
    Molecular Formula C6H5GaO7
    Hydrogen Bond Donor Count1
    Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count7
    Rotatable Bond Count2
    Exact Mass255.93173 g/mol
    Monoisotopic Mass255.93173 g/mol
    Topological Polar Surface Area141 Ų
    Heavy Atom Count14
    Formal Charge0
    Complexity211
    Isotope Atom Count1
    Defined Atom Stereocenter Count0
    Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count0
    Defined Bond Stereocenter Count0
    Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count0
    Covalently Bonded Unit Count2
    4 Drug and Medication Information
    4.1 Drug Indication

    Gallium Citrate Ga 67 Injection may be useful to demonstrate the presence and extent of Hodgkin's disease, lymphoma, and bronchogenic carcinoma. Positive gallium Ga-67 uptake in the absence of prior symptoms warrants follow-up as an indication of a potential disease state. Gallium Citrate Ga 67 Injection may be useful as an aid in detecting some acute inflammatory lesions.

    5 Pharmacology and Biochemistry
    5.1 Pharmacology

    It has been reported in the scientific literature that following intravenous injection, the highest tissue concentration of gallium Ga-67 - other than tumors and sites of infection - is the renal cortex. After the first day, the maximum concentration shifts to bone and lymph nodes and after the first week, to liver and spleen. Gallium Ga-67 is excreted relatively slowly from the body. The average whole body retention is 65 percent after seven days, with 26 percent having been excreted in the urine and 9 percent in the stools.

    5.2 FDA Pharmacological Classification
    5.2.1 Active Moiety
    GALLIUM CITRATE GA-67
    5.2.2 FDA UNII
    4LJK511Z86
    5.2.3 Pharmacological Classes
    Mechanisms of Action [MoA] - Radiopharmaceutical Activity
    5.3 ATC Code

    V - Various

    V09 - Diagnostic radiopharmaceuticals

    V09H - Inflammation and infection detection

    V09HX - Other diagnostic radiopharmaceuticals for inflammation and infection detection

    V09HX01 - Gallium (67Ga) citrate

    5.4 Absorption, Distribution and Excretion

    Absorption

    The body generally handles Ga3+ as though it were ferric iron (Fe-III). However, gallium can not be reduced in vivo. Therefore, ferric ion is easily reduced and interacts with protoporphyrin IX to form heme, gallium remains bound to iron-transport proteins and carrier molecules.

    Route of Elimination

    No urinary excretion; elimination primarily via fecal excretion.

    5.5 Biological Half-Life

    78.26 hours

    5.6 Mechanism of Action

    Gallium Citrate Ga 67, with no carrier added, has been found to concentrate in certain viable primary and metastatic tumors as well as focal sites of infection. The body generally handles Ga3+ as though it were ferric iron (Fe-III), and thus the free isotope ion is bound (and concentrates) in areas of inflammation, such as an infection site, and also areas of rapid cell division. Ga-67 binds to transferrin, leukocyte lactoferrin, bacterial siderophores, inflammatory proteins, and cell-membranes in neutrophils, both living and dead. Lactoferrin is contained within leukocytes. Ga-67 may bind to lactoferrin and be transported to sites of inflammation, or binds to lactoferrin released during bacterial phagocytosis at infection sites (and remains due to binding with macrophage receptors). Ga-67 also attaches to the siderophore molecules of bacteria themselves, and for this reason can be used in leukopenic patients with bacterial infection (here it attaches directly to bacterial proteins, and leukocytes are not needed). Uptake is thought to be associated with a range of tumour properties including transferring receptors, anaerobic tumor metabolism and tumor perfusion and vascular permeability.