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Technical details about ISD, learn more about the structure, uses, toxicity, action, side effects and more

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$ API Ref.Price (USD/KG) : 30Xls
2D Structure
Also known as: 87-33-2, Isordil, Sorbide nitrate, Sorbidnitrate, Nitrosorbide, Sorbitrate
Molecular Formula
C6H8N2O8
Molecular Weight
236.14  g/mol
InChI Key
MOYKHGMNXAOIAT-JGWLITMVSA-N
FDA UNII
IA7306519N

A vasodilator used in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS. Its actions are similar to NITROGLYCERIN but with a slower onset of action.
Isosorbide dinitrate is a Nitrate Vasodilator. The physiologic effect of isosorbide dinitrate is by means of Vasodilation.
1 2D Structure

2D Structure

2 Identification
2.1 Computed Descriptors
2.1.1 IUPAC Name
[(3S,3aS,6R,6aS)-3-nitrooxy-2,3,3a,5,6,6a-hexahydrofuro[3,2-b]furan-6-yl] nitrate
2.1.2 InChI
InChI=1S/C6H8N2O8/c9-7(10)15-3-1-13-6-4(16-8(11)12)2-14-5(3)6/h3-6H,1-2H2/t3-,4+,5-,6-/m1/s1
2.1.3 InChI Key
MOYKHGMNXAOIAT-JGWLITMVSA-N
2.1.4 Canonical SMILES
C1C(C2C(O1)C(CO2)O[N+](=O)[O-])O[N+](=O)[O-]
2.1.5 Isomeric SMILES
C1[C@H]([C@@H]2[C@H](O1)[C@H](CO2)O[N+](=O)[O-])O[N+](=O)[O-]
2.2 Other Identifiers
2.2.1 UNII
IA7306519N
2.3 Synonyms
2.3.1 MeSH Synonyms

1. Cardonit 40

2. Dilatrate

3. Dinitrate, Isosorbide

4. Iso Bid

5. Iso-bid

6. Isobid

7. Isodinit

8. Isoket

9. Isoket Retard 120

10. Isoket Retard-120

11. Isoket Retard120

12. Isomak R

13. Isordil

14. Isotrate

15. Nitrosorbide

16. Sorbitrate

17. Sorbonit

2.3.2 Depositor-Supplied Synonyms

1. 87-33-2

2. Isordil

3. Sorbide Nitrate

4. Sorbidnitrate

5. Nitrosorbide

6. Sorbitrate

7. Dinitrosorbide

8. Isoket

9. Dilatrate-sr

10. Sorbidilat

11. Vascardin

12. Carvasin

13. Flindix

14. Isorbid

15. Isotrate

16. Sorbonit

17. Cardis

18. Isdn

19. Carvanil

20. Cedocard

21. Claodical

22. Cornilat

23. Corosorbide

24. Difutrat

25. Dilatrate

26. Harrical

27. Iso-bid

28. Myorexon

29. Nitrosorbid

30. Nitrosorbon

31. Resoidan

32. Sorbangil

33. Sorbislo

34. Vasodilat

35. Vasorbate

36. Coronex

37. Emoper

38. Korodil

39. Lomilan

40. Maycor

41. Rigedal

42. Sorquad

43. Tinidil

44. Nosim

45. Xanyl

46. Sorbide, Dinitrate

47. Isordil Tembids

48. Rifloc Retard

49. Dinitroisosorbide

50. Cardio 10

51. Dianhydrosorbitol 2,5-dinitrate

52. D-isosorbide Dinitrate

53. Isosorbide 2,5-dinitrate

54. Isodinit

55. Isostat

56. Ibd 20

57. Isosorbidi Dinitras

58. Sorbide T.d.

59. Dinitrate D'isosorbide

60. Dinitrato De Isosorbida

61. Astridine

62. Isochron

63. D-glucitol, 1,4:3,6-dianhydro-, Dinitrate

64. Sorbidinitrate

65. Corovliss

66. Disorlon

67. Langoran

68. Sorbide

69. Sorquat

70. 1,4:3,6-dianhydrosorbitol 2,5-dinitrate

71. Iso-puren

72. 1,4:3,6-dianhydro-d-glucitol Dinitrate

73. Sorate-5

74. Sorate-10

75. Isomannide-dinitrate

76. C01da08

77. Nsc-80038

78. Isomak R

79. Cardonit 40

80. Chebi:6061

81. Sst-101

82. Dignionitrat

83. Angidil

84. Diniket

85. Frandol

86. Laserdil

87. Sorbidi Nitras

88. Eurecor

89. Dilatrate Sr

90. (3r,3as,6s,6as)-6-(nitrooxy)-hexahydrofuro[3,2-b]furan-3-yl Nitrate

91. Isomannide Dinitrate

92. Isosorbidi Nitras

93. Nsc80038

94. Iso-mack

95. D-isosorbide Dinitrate-lactose Mixture

96. Ia7306519n

97. Isoket Retard 40

98. Isd

99. Isoket Retard 120

100. Dsstox_cid_25832

101. Dsstox_rid_81160

102. Dsstox_gsid_45832

103. Isosorbide Dinitrato

104. Isosorbide Dinitrato [dcit]

105. Glucitol, 1,4:3,6-dianhydro-, Dinitrate, D-

106. Cedocard Retard

107. Isosorbidi Dinitras [inn-latin]

108. Tyb 3215

109. Diluted Isosorbide Dinitrate

110. Dinitrate D'isosorbide [inn-french]

111. Sdm No. 40

112. Sdm No. 50

113. Smr000857256

114. Isordil (tn)

115. Dinitrato De Isosorbida [inn-spanish]

116. Dilatrate-sr (tn)

117. Ccris 1910

118. Hsdb 3417

119. Sr-05000001658

120. Einecs 201-740-9

121. Nsc 80038

122. Un2907

123. (3r,3as,6s,6as)-hexahydrofuro[3,2-b]furan-3,6-diyl Dinitrate

124. Unii-ia7306519n

125. Cas-87-33-2

126. Prestwick_81

127. 1,4:3,6-dianhydro-2,5-di-o-nitro-d-glucitol

128. Ncgc00094703-01

129. Isosorbide-dinitrate

130. [(3s,3as,6r,6as)-3-nitrooxy-2,3,3a,5,6,6a-hexahydrofuro[3,2-b]furan-6-yl] Nitrate

131. 1246815-45-1

132. Spectrum_000163

133. 1,4:3, 6-dianhydro-d-glucitol Dinitrate

134. Prestwick0_000714

135. Prestwick1_000714

136. Prestwick2_000714

137. Prestwick3_000714

138. Spectrum2_001069

139. Spectrum3_000600

140. Spectrum4_000025

141. Spectrum5_001057

142. 1,4:3,6-dianhydrosorbitol 2, 5-dinitrate

143. Isosorbide Dinitrate,(s)

144. Isosorbidi Dinitras Dilutes

145. Isosorbidi Dinitras Dilutus

146. Diluted-isosorbide Dinitrate

147. Ec 201-740-9

148. Isosorbide Dinitrate [usan:usp:inn:ban:jan]

149. Schembl8253

150. Chembl6622

151. Bspbio_000927

152. Bspbio_002080

153. Isosorbide Dinitrate, Diluted

154. Kbiogr_000429

155. Kbioss_000643

156. Mls001333561

157. Mls001333562

158. Divk1c_000436

159. Spectrum1500358

160. Isosorbide Dinitrate, Diluted-

161. Spbio_001058

162. Spbio_002848

163. Diluted Isosorbide Dinitrate Rs

164. Bpbio1_001021

165. Gtpl7051

166. Dtxsid0045832

167. Hms501f18

168. Kbio1_000436

169. Kbio2_000643

170. Kbio2_003211

171. Kbio2_005779

172. Kbio3_001580

173. Isosorbide Dinitrate [mi]

174. Ninds_000436

175. Hms1570o09

176. Hms1920h15

177. Hms2091p05

178. Hms2097o09

179. Hms2230c09

180. Hms3714o09

181. Isosorbide Dinitrate [inn]

182. Isosorbide Dinitrate [jan]

183. Pharmakon1600-01500358

184. Isosorbide Dinitrate [hsdb]

185. Isosorbide Dinitrate [usan]

186. Hy-b1409

187. 1,6-dianhydro-d-glucitol Dinitrate

188. Isosorbide Dinitrate [vandf]

189. Tox21_111317

190. Ccg-40110

191. Isosorbide Dinitrate [mart.]

192. Mfcd00868238

193. Nsc757080

194. Zinc18089317

195. 1,6-dianhydrosorbitol 2,5-dinitrate

196. Isosorbide Dinitrate [who-dd]

197. Akos015895227

198. Akos015960761

199. Akos015994784

200. Tox21_111317_1

201. Db00883

202. Gs-6631

203. Isosorbide Dinitrate (jp17/usp/inn)

204. Nsc-757080

205. Idi1_000436

206. Ncgc00178830-01

207. Ncgc00178830-02

208. Ncgc00178830-05

209. Ac-12153

210. D-glucitol,4:3,6-dianhydro-, Dinitrate

211. Isosorbide Dinitrate [orange Book]

212. Bidil Component Isosorbide Dinitrate

213. Isosorbide Dinitrate [usp Impurity]

214. Sbi-0051421.p003

215. Ab00513900

216. Cs-0013129

217. Diluted-isosorbide Dinitrate [who-ip]

218. Glucitol,4:3,6-dianhydro-, Dinitrate, D-

219. Isosorbide Dinitrate Component Of Bidil

220. C07456

221. D00516

222. H10018

223. Ab00052026_07

224. Glucitol, 1,4:3, 6-dianhydro-, Dinitrate, D-

225. Isosorbidi Dinitras Dilutus [who-ip Latin]

226. Q179748

227. 3,6-dianhydro-d-glucitol Dinitrate ; Dilatrate-sr

228. Sr-05000001658-1

229. Sr-05000001658-3

230. Sr-05000001658-5

231. W-104033

232. Z2433066075

233. Isosorbide Mononitrate, Diluted Impurity B [ep Impurity]

234. (3s,3as,6r,6as)-6-(nitrooxy)-hexahydrofuro[3,2-b]furan-3-yl Nitrate

235. [(3r,3as,6s,6as)-3-nitrooxy-2,3,3a,5,6,6a-hexahydrofuro[3,2-b]furan-6-yl] Nitrate

236. [(3s,3as,6r,6as)-6-nitrooxy-2,3,3a,5,6,6a-hexahydrofuro[2,3-d]furan-3-yl] Nitrate

237. 54650-95-2

238. Isosorbide Dinitrate Mixture With Not <60% Lactose, Mannose, Starch Or Calcium Hydrogen Phosphate

239. Isosorbide Dinitrate Mixture With Not <60% Lactose, Mannose, Starch Or Calcium Hydrogen Phosphate [un2907] [flammable Solid]

2.4 Create Date
2005-06-24
3 Chemical and Physical Properties
Molecular Weight 236.14 g/mol
Molecular Formula C6H8N2O8
XLogP31.3
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count8
Rotatable Bond Count2
Exact Mass236.02806522 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass236.02806522 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area129 Ų
Heavy Atom Count16
Formal Charge0
Complexity268
Isotope Atom Count0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count4
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count0
Covalently Bonded Unit Count1
4 Drug and Medication Information
4.1 Drug Information
1 of 8  
Drug NameBidil
PubMed HealthIsosorbide Dinitrate (By mouth)
Drug ClassesAntianginal, Coronary Vasodilator
Active IngredientHydralazine hydrochloride; isosorbide dinitrate
Dosage FormTablet
RouteOral
Strength37.5mg; 20mg
Market StatusPrescription
CompanyArbor Pharms

2 of 8  
Drug NameDilatrate-sr
PubMed HealthIsosorbide Dinitrate (By mouth)
Drug ClassesAntianginal, Coronary Vasodilator
Drug LabelIsosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) is 1,4:3,6-dianhydro-D-glucitol 2,5 dinitrate, an organic nitrate whose structural formula isand whose molecular weight is 236.14. The organic nitrates are vasodilators, active on both arteries and veins. Each dilatrate-...
Active IngredientIsosorbide dinitrate
Dosage FormCapsule, extended release
RouteOral
Strength40mg
Market StatusPrescription
CompanyAuxilium Pharms

3 of 8  
Drug NameIsordil
Drug LabelIsosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) is 1,4:3,6-dianhydro-D-glucitol 2,5-dinitrate, an organic nitrate whose structural formula isand whose molecular weight is 236.14. The organic nitrates are vasodilators, active on both arteries and veins.Isosorbide dinitra...
Active IngredientIsosorbide dinitrate
Dosage FormTablet
RouteOral
Strength30mg; 5mg; 10mg; 40mg; 20mg
Market StatusPrescription
CompanyValeant Bermuda

4 of 8  
Drug NameIsosorbide dinitrate
Drug LabelIsosorbide dinitrate, an organic nitrate, is a vasodilator with effects on both arteries and veins. The chemical name for isosorbide dinitrate is 1,4:3,6-dianhydro-D-glucitol dinitrate and the compound has the following structural formula:C6H8N2O8 M....
Active IngredientIsosorbide dinitrate
Dosage FormTablet, extended release; Tablet
RouteOral
Strength30mg; 5mg; 10mg; 40mg; 20mg
Market StatusPrescription
CompanyCorepharma; Hikma Intl Pharms; Sun Pharm Inds; Sandoz; Par Pharm

5 of 8  
Drug NameBidil
PubMed HealthIsosorbide Dinitrate (By mouth)
Drug ClassesAntianginal, Coronary Vasodilator
Active IngredientHydralazine hydrochloride; isosorbide dinitrate
Dosage FormTablet
RouteOral
Strength37.5mg; 20mg
Market StatusPrescription
CompanyArbor Pharms

6 of 8  
Drug NameDilatrate-sr
PubMed HealthIsosorbide Dinitrate (By mouth)
Drug ClassesAntianginal, Coronary Vasodilator
Drug LabelIsosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) is 1,4:3,6-dianhydro-D-glucitol 2,5 dinitrate, an organic nitrate whose structural formula isand whose molecular weight is 236.14. The organic nitrates are vasodilators, active on both arteries and veins. Each dilatrate-...
Active IngredientIsosorbide dinitrate
Dosage FormCapsule, extended release
RouteOral
Strength40mg
Market StatusPrescription
CompanyAuxilium Pharms

7 of 8  
Drug NameIsordil
Drug LabelIsosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) is 1,4:3,6-dianhydro-D-glucitol 2,5-dinitrate, an organic nitrate whose structural formula isand whose molecular weight is 236.14. The organic nitrates are vasodilators, active on both arteries and veins.Isosorbide dinitra...
Active IngredientIsosorbide dinitrate
Dosage FormTablet
RouteOral
Strength30mg; 5mg; 10mg; 40mg; 20mg
Market StatusPrescription
CompanyValeant Bermuda

8 of 8  
Drug NameIsosorbide dinitrate
Drug LabelIsosorbide dinitrate, an organic nitrate, is a vasodilator with effects on both arteries and veins. The chemical name for isosorbide dinitrate is 1,4:3,6-dianhydro-D-glucitol dinitrate and the compound has the following structural formula:C6H8N2O8 M....
Active IngredientIsosorbide dinitrate
Dosage FormTablet, extended release; Tablet
RouteOral
Strength30mg; 5mg; 10mg; 40mg; 20mg
Market StatusPrescription
CompanyCorepharma; Hikma Intl Pharms; Sun Pharm Inds; Sandoz; Par Pharm

4.2 Therapeutic Uses

Vasodilator Agents

National Library of Medicine's Medical Subject Headings online file (MeSH, 1999)


In a limited number of patients with diffuse esophageal spasm without gastroesophageal reflux, isosorbide dinitrate has been used effectively to relieve pain, dysphagia and spasm.

McEvoy, G.K. (ed.). American Hospital Formulary Service- Drug Information 2002. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc. 2002 (Plus Supplements)., p. 1880


Isosorbide dinitrate (in combination with cardiac glycosides and diuretics or with hydralazine) has been used effectively for the treatment of congestive heart failure or other low cardiac output states.

McEvoy, G.K. (ed.). American Hospital Formulary Service- Drug Information 2002. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc. 2002 (Plus Supplements)., p. 1880


...Isosorbide dinitrate shares the actions of the other nitrates and nitrites. The drug is used for the acute relief of angina pectoris, for prophylactic management in situations likely to provoke angina attacks, and for long term prophylactic management of angina pectoris.

McEvoy, G.K. (ed.). American Hospital Formulary Service- Drug Information 2002. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc. 2002 (Plus Supplements)., p. 1880


For more Therapeutic Uses (Complete) data for ISOSORBIDE DINITRATE (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.


4.3 Drug Warning

...Should be given cautiously in pt with glaucoma.

Osol, A. and J.E. Hoover, et al. (eds.). Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences. 15th ed. Easton, Pennsylvania: Mack Publishing Co., 1975., p. 788


Dependence and tolerance may occur during chronic use... These possible consequences, as well as large individual variations in clinical response indicates that long-term therapy with high-dose isosorbide dinitrate requires considerable caution.

Miller, R. R., and D. J. Greenblatt. Handbook of Drug Therapy. New York: Elsevier North Holland, 1979., p. 321


Drug rash is occasionally produced by all organic nitrates... /organic nitrates/

Hardman, J.G., L.E. Limbird, P.B., A.G. Gilman. Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 10th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 2001., p. 850


Most frequent complaint by users...is headache ... also paradoxical increase in anginal pain. Mild gastrointestinal disturbances as well as vertigo and other signs of orthostatic hypotension may occur.

Osol, A. and J.E. Hoover, et al. (eds.). Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences. 15th ed. Easton, Pennsylvania: Mack Publishing Co., 1975., p. 788


For more Drug Warnings (Complete) data for ISOSORBIDE DINITRATE (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.


4.4 Drug Indication

For the prevention of angina pectoris due to coronary artery disease.


5 Pharmacology and Biochemistry
5.1 Pharmacology

Isosorbide Dinitrate is a moderate to long acting oral organic nitrate used for the relief and prophylactic management of angina pectoris. It relaxes the vascular smooth muscle and consequent dilatation of peripheral arteries and veins, especially the latter. Dilatation of the veins promotes peripheral pooling of blood and decreases venous return to the heart, thereby reducing left ventricular end- diastolic pressure and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (preload). Arteriolar relaxation reduces systemic vascular resistance, systolic arterial pressure, and mean arterial pressure.


5.2 MeSH Pharmacological Classification

Vasodilator Agents

Drugs used to cause dilation of the blood vessels. (See all compounds classified as Vasodilator Agents.)


Nitric Oxide Donors

A diverse group of agents, with unique chemical structures and biochemical requirements, which generate NITRIC OXIDE. These compounds have been used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases and the management of acute myocardial infarction, acute and chronic congestive heart failure, and surgical control of blood pressure. (Adv Pharmacol 1995;34:361-81) (See all compounds classified as Nitric Oxide Donors.)


5.3 FDA Pharmacological Classification
5.3.1 Active Moiety
ISOSORBIDE DINITRATE
5.3.2 FDA UNII
IA7306519N
5.3.3 Pharmacological Classes
Nitrates [CS]; Vasodilation [PE]; Nitrate Vasodilator [EPC]
5.4 ATC Code

C01DA08

S76 | LUXPHARMA | Pharmaceuticals Marketed in Luxembourg | Pharmaceuticals marketed in Luxembourg, as published by d'Gesondheetskeess (CNS, la caisse nationale de sante, www.cns.lu), mapped by name to structures using CompTox by R. Singh et al. (in prep.). List downloaded from https://cns.public.lu/en/legislations/textes-coordonnes/liste-med-comm.html. Dataset DOI:10.5281/zenodo.4587355


C - Cardiovascular system

C01 - Cardiac therapy

C01D - Vasodilators used in cardiac diseases

C01DA - Organic nitrates

C01DA08 - Isosorbide dinitrate


C - Cardiovascular system

C05 - Vasoprotectives

C05A - Agents for treatment of hemorrhoids and anal fissures for topical use

C05AE - Muscle relaxants

C05AE02 - Isosorbide dinitrate


5.5 Absorption, Distribution and Excretion

Absorption

Absorption of isosorbide dinitrate after oral dosing is nearly complete, but bioavailability is highly variable (10% to 90%), with extensive first-pass metabolism in the liver. The average bioavailability of isosorbide dinitrate is about 25%.


Volume of Distribution

2 to 4 L/kg


After sublingual admin, onset of effect is 2-3 min & offset of effect is about 2 hr.

Osol, A. and J.E. Hoover, et al. (eds.). Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences. 15th ed. Easton, Pennsylvania: Mack Publishing Co., 1975., p. 788


Following sublingual doses of 5 mg, oral conventional tablets of 5 mg, and oral sustained-release tablets of 20 mg, mean peak isosorbide dinitrate levels of 8.9, 3.1, and 1.4 ng/ml, occurred at 30, 40, and 40 min respectively. Plasma levels...after sustained-release dosage...maintained above half of mean peak level for 10 hours.

The Chemical Society. Foreign Compound Metabolism in Mammals. Volume 5: A Review of the Literature Published during 1976 and 1977. London: The Chemical Society, 1979., p. 40


Chronic oral administration of isosorbide dinitrate (120 to 720 mg daily) has resulted in persistence of parent compound and higher concentration of metabolite in plasma.

Hardman, J.G., L.E. Limbird, P.B., A.G. Gilman. Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 10th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 2001., p. 852


Since denitration markedly reduces activity of organic nitrates, their rapid clearance from blood indicates that transient duration of action under these conditions correlates with concentration of parent compounds. /organic nitrates/

Hardman, J.G., L.E. Limbird, P.B., A.G. Gilman. Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 10th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 2001., p. 849


For more Absorption, Distribution and Excretion (Complete) data for ISOSORBIDE DINITRATE (13 total), please visit the HSDB record page.


5.6 Metabolism/Metabolites

Hepatic


After intravenous or oral admin, primary metabolite in plasma is 5-isosorbide mononitrate.

Hardman, J.G., L.E. Limbird, P.B., A.G. Gilman. Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 10th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 2001., p. 849


Major route of metabolism of isosorbide dinitrate in man is also by enzymatic denitration followed by formation of glucuronides.

Hardman, J.G., L.E. Limbird, P.B., A.G. Gilman. Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 10th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 2001., p. 849


Biotransformation of organic nitrates is result of reductive hydrolysis catalyzed by hepatic enzyme glutathione-organic nitrate reductase. Enzyme converts lipid-soluble organic nitrate esters into more water-soluble denitrated metabolites & inorganic nitrite. /organic nitrates/

Hardman, J.G., L.E. Limbird, P.B., A.G. Gilman. Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 10th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 2001., p. 848


...Biotransformation of isosorbide dinitrate in dogs and in man caused de-esterification. Isosorbide is major urinary metabolite, together with very small amount of the 2- and 5-mononitrates. /isosorbide dinitrate/ was absent from urine of dogs & man.

The Chemical Society. Foreign Compound Metabolism in Mammals. Volume 1: A Review of the Literature Published Between 1960 and 1969. London: The Chemical Society, 1970., p. 137


For more Metabolism/Metabolites (Complete) data for ISOSORBIDE DINITRATE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.


5.7 Biological Half-Life

1 hour


Half-life 0.7 hours (0.6-2.0; clearance may be decreased and half-life prolonged after chronic dosing.) /from table/

Hardman, J.G., L.E. Limbird, P.B., A.G. Gilman. Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 10th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 2001., p. 1971


The mean plasma elimination half-life of ISMN is approx 5 hr. /Isosorbide mononitrate/

Medical Economics Co; Physicians Desk Reference 56th ed p.1827 (2002)


After sublingual admin... biological half-life is about 8 hr... .

Osol, A. and J.E. Hoover, et al. (eds.). Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences. 15th ed. Easton, Pennsylvania: Mack Publishing Co., 1975., p. 788


Biological half-life is about 8 hr; after oral admin, onset is about 30 min & offset 4-6 hr.

Osol, A. and J.E. Hoover, et al. (eds.). Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences. 15th ed. Easton, Pennsylvania: Mack Publishing Co., 1975., p. 788


5.8 Mechanism of Action

Isosorbide dinitrate is converted to the active nitric oxide to activate guanylate cyclase. This activation increases levels of cyclic guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cGMP). cGMP activates protein kinases and causes a series of phosphorylation reactions which leads to dephosphorylation of myosin light chains of smooth muscle fibres. Finally there is a release of calcium ions which causes smooth muscle relaxation and vasodilation.


...Nitrates...are capable of activating guanylate cyclase and causing marked increase in concentration of cyclic guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic GMP) in most tissues. This effect is apparently due to action of nitric oxide...nitric acid probably activates the enzyme directly. /organic nitrates/

Hardman, J.G., L.E. Limbird, P.B., A.G. Gilman. Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 10th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 2001., p. 848


Isosorbide dinitrate inhibited platelet aggregation with collagen, epinephrine, arachidonate, and ionophore, and blocked both primary and secondary aggregation in response to ADP.

SCHAFER AI ET AL; BLOOD 55(4) 649 (1980)