1. Morpholine Hydrochloride
2. Morpholine Hydroiodide
3. Morpholine Phosphate
4. Morpholine Phosphate (3:1)
5. Morpholine Phosphonate (1:1)
6. Morpholine Sulfite (1:1)
1. 110-91-8
2. 1-oxa-4-azacyclohexane
3. Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine
4. Diethylene Oximide
5. Diethylenimide Oxide
6. Diethyleneimide Oxide
7. Diethylene Imidoxide
8. Drewamine
9. Tetrahydro-2h-1,4-oxazine
10. Tetrahydro-p-oxazine
11. P-isoxazine, Tetrahydro-
12. Tetrahydro-1,4-isoxazine
13. Morpholin
14. Basf 238
15. Caswell No. 584
16. 2h-1,4-oxazine, Tetrahydro-
17. 4h-1,4-oxazine, Tetrahydro-
18. Morpholine, 4-soya Alkyl Derivs.
19. Nsc 9376
20. 138048-80-3
21. Mfcd00005972
22. N-vinylbenzylmorpholine-divinylbenzene Copolymer
23. C4h9no
24. Tetrahydro-4h-1-4-oxazine
25. 8b2zck305o
26. Chebi:34856
27. Nsc-9376
28. Dsstox_cid_5688
29. Dsstox_rid_77880
30. Dsstox_gsid_25688
31. Cas-110-91-8
32. Ccris 2482
33. Hsdb 102
34. Morpholine,reag
35. Tetrahydro-p-isoxazine
36. Morpholine, Pract
37. Einecs 203-815-1
38. Un2054
39. Epa Pesticide Chemical Code 054701
40. Brn 0102549
41. Morphline
42. Unii-8b2zck305o
43. Morpho Line
44. Morpholine-
45. Ai3-01231
46. 6lr
47. 4h-1, Tetrahydro-
48. Morpholine [mi]
49. Morpholine [un2054] [flammable Liquid]
50. Morpholine Reagent Grade
51. Morpholine [fcc]
52. Morpholine [hsdb]
53. Morpholine [iarc]
54. Morpholine [inci]
55. Morpholine On Rasta Resin
56. Wln: T6m Dotj
57. Ec 203-815-1
58. Ncimech_000154
59. Tetrahydro-1, 4-isoxazine
60. Nciopen2_007748
61. Oprea1_317540
62. Tetryhydro-2h-1,4-oxazine
63. Tetrahydro-4h-1,4-oxazine
64. 4-27-00-00015 (beilstein Handbook Reference)
65. Bidd:er0297
66. Morpholine, Analytical Standard
67. Chembl276518
68. Dtxsid2025688
69. Nsc9376
70. Amy22834
71. Bcp24054
72. Str00194
73. Zinc1699948
74. Tox21_202450
75. Tox21_303240
76. Stl182843
77. Akos000118829
78. Morpholine, Acs Reagent, >=99.0%
79. Morpholine, Reagentplus(r), >=99%
80. Db13669
81. Na 2054
82. Un 2054
83. Ncgc00249227-01
84. Ncgc00256942-01
85. Ncgc00259999-01
86. 61791-40-0
87. Morpholine, P.a., Acs Reagent, 99.0%
88. Db-030063
89. Morpholine [un2054] [flammable Liquid]
90. Ft-0628993
91. M0465
92. Morpholine Purified By Distillation From Glass
93. Morpholine, Purified By Redistillation, >=99.5%
94. Q410243
95. J-522715
96. 1-oxa-4-azacyclohexane ; Tetrahydro-2h-1,4-oxazine
97. F2190-0339
98. Morpholine, Polymer-bound, 200-400 Mesh, Extent Of Labeling: 2.75-3.25 Mmol/g Loading, 1 % Cross-linked
99. Scavengepore(tm) Phenethyl Morpholine, Macroporous, 40-70 Mesh, Extent Of Labeling: 0.7-1.5 Mmol/g Loading
100. Stratospheres(tm) Pl-mph Resin, 50-100 Mesh, Extent Of Labeling: 3.0-4.0 Mmol/g Loading, 1 % Cross-linked
| Molecular Weight | 87.12 g/mol |
|---|---|
| Molecular Formula | C4H9NO |
| XLogP3 | -0.9 |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | 1 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | 2 |
| Rotatable Bond Count | 0 |
| Exact Mass | 87.068413911 g/mol |
| Monoisotopic Mass | 87.068413911 g/mol |
| Topological Polar Surface Area | 21.3 Ų |
| Heavy Atom Count | 6 |
| Formal Charge | 0 |
| Complexity | 34.5 |
| Isotope Atom Count | 0 |
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Defined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Covalently Bonded Unit Count | 1 |
Morpholine has antibacterial and antimycotic properties, as has been demonstrated on pathogenic organisms.
WHO/Health and Safety Guide No. 92 for Morpholine (1995). Available from, as of May 14, 2010: https://www.inchem.org/pages/hsg.html
Morpholine, like other amines, shows antibacterial and anti-mycotic action. /It was/ demonstrated that 0.5% morpholine inhibits the growth of a variety of pathogenic bacteria on agar plates and in liquid medium. Application of 10% morpholine was shown to cure an experimental mycosis in guinea pigs caused by Trychophyton mentagrophytes var. granulosum. The pH was not specified.
WHO; Environ Health Criteria 179: Morpholine (1996). Available from, as of May 14, 2010: https://www.inchem.org/pages/ehc.html
4. 4 = very toxic: probable oral lethal dose (human) 50-500 mg/kg; between 1 teaspoon & 1 ounce for 70 kg person (150 lb).
Gosselin, R.E., H.C. Hodge, R.P. Smith, and M.N. Gleason. Clinical Toxicology of Commercial Products. 4th ed. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins, 1976., p. II-74
The results of a variety of in vivo and in vitro experiments suggested that the kidneys were the primary route of elimination of morpholine in the rabbit. Morpholine was not bound to serum proteins and was excreted 90% unchanged. The concentration of [14C]morpholine in the renal cortex was 6.6 times the concentration in the blood, and in the renal medulla was 15.3 times the concentration in the blood after 30 min after the intravenous injection of single boluses of labeled compound. The chemical appeared to be distributed mainly to the extracellular space, and its rate of elimination was enhanced by acidification of the urine.
PMID:7268791 Van Stee EW et al; Toxicology 20 (1): 53-50 (1981)
Morpholine is well absorbed after oral and dermal administration and inhalation. Distribution studies showed that in rabbits, following inhalation or injection, the highest concentrations of morpholine were found in the kidney, whereas, in rats, high concentrations were found in muscle. In mice, rats, hamsters, guinea-pigs, and rabbits, almost all ingested or intravenously or intraperitoneally injected morpholine was excreted unchanged in the urine. In guinea-pigs, the metabolite N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide was identified. Only 0.5% was eliminated as CO2.
WHO/Health and Safety Guide No. 92 for Morpholine (1995). Available from, as of May 14, 2010: https://www.inchem.org/pages/hsg.html
Female New Zealand rabbits (number not given) were exposed to morpholine (905 mg/ci m) for 5 hr by nose-only inhalation. At the end of the exposure, the animals were sacrificed and the tissue and body fluids analyzed. Concentrations of morpholine were highest in urine (324 mg/L) and kidney (118 mg/kg), the other tissues having concentrations below 40 mg/kg.
WHO; Environ Health Criteria 179: Morpholine (1996). Available from, as of May 14, 2010: https://www.inchem.org/pages/ehc.html
Elimination of (14)C from labeled morpholine (intraperitoneal injection) through expired air is minimal. In rats, experiments have shown that only about 0.5% of the dose of radioactively labelled morpholine is exhaled as (14)CO2. In rabbits 0.0008% of the administered dose was (14)CO2.
WHO; Environ Health Criteria 179: Morpholine (1996). Available from, as of May 14, 2010: https://www.inchem.org/pages/ehc.html
For more Absorption, Distribution and Excretion (Complete) data for Morpholine (14 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
There is ample evidence that this substance can be nitrosated to the carcinogenic N-nitrosomorpholine (NMOR) by reactions ... within the human body ... NMOR may be formed following concomitant administration of morpholine and nitrite or nitrous oxide under physiological conditions.
WHO/Health and Safety Guide No. 92 for Morpholine (1995). Available from, as of May 14, 2010: https://www.inchem.org/pages/hsg.html
Immunostimulation of rats by intraperitoneal treatment with E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 1 mg/kg) led to a large increase in urinary nitrate and urinary metabolites of NMOR (N-nitrosomorpholine) when morpholine (80 umol/kg) and L-arginine (400 umol/kg) were injected intraperitoneally. The replacement of LPS with nitrate (330 umol/kg intraperitoneal) did not increase urinary metabolites of NMOR. This result is consistent with endogenous nitrosation of morpholine by nitrogen oxide (NO) from oxidation of the guanido group of arginine by induced NO synthase.
WHO; Environ Health Criteria 179: Morpholine (1996). Available from, as of May 14, 2010: https://www.inchem.org/pages/ehc.html
In vitro nitrosation of morpholine has been reported. NMOR (N-nitrosomorpholine) was formed when morpholine was added to human saliva. Additionally, a new type of metabolite, N-cyanomorpholine, was identified in human saliva.
WHO; Environ Health Criteria 179: Morpholine (1996). Available from, as of May 14, 2010: https://www.inchem.org/pages/ehc.html
A method /was developed/ to monitor the in vivo formation of NMOR (N-nitrosomorpholine) by measuring N-nitroso (2-hydroxyethyl)glycine, its major urinary metabolite. The formation of NMOR was measured in F-344 rats over wide range of doses of morpholine (38.3 - 0.92 umol) and sodium nitrite (191 - 4.8 umol). According to estimates ..., 0.5 to 12% of the morpholine, depending on the dose, was nitrosated.
WHO; Environ Health Criteria 179: Morpholine (1996). Available from, as of May 14, 2010: https://www.inchem.org/pages/ehc.html
For more Metabolism/Metabolites (Complete) data for Morpholine (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
After ip admin of 125 mg/kg (14)C-morpholine (50 uCi)/animal, the blood plasma half-lives in the rat, hamster, and guinea pig were 115, 120, and 300 min, respectively.
PMID:7135398 Sohn OS et al; Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 64 (3): 486-91 (1982)
The irritating and corrosive properties of morpholine are due to its basicity. The mechanism of action of its systemic effects is not known.
WHO; Environ Health Criteria 179: Morpholine (1996).
Morpholine fungicides have been shown to act by inhibiting several enzymes of sterol biosynthesis.
WHO; Environ Health Criteria 179: Morpholine (1996). Available from, as of May 14, 2010: https://www.inchem.org/pages/ehc.html
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