Please Wait
Applying Filters...
menu
    • menu
    munit-sa-m-2025-04-14

    Virtual Booth

    Contact Supplier

    Polpharma is a Polish CDMO of APIs and a significant European API producer, delivering products to companies worldwide.

    Virtual Booth

    Contact Supplier

    SPI Pharma has been solving formulation challenges using superior functional materials.

    Virtual Booth

    Contact Supplier

    Granules India Limited has high volume world-class facilities for APIs, PFIs, & FDFs, serving customers in over 80 countries.

    Virtual Booth

    Contact Supplier

    Suanfarma, at the Core of a Better Life.

    Virtual Booth

    Contact Supplier

    xyz-pharma-m-2025-04-14

    Virtual Booth

    Contact Supplier

    Menu

    Pafolacianine

    ACTIVE PHARMA INGREDIENTS

    DEVELOPMENTS

    FINISHED DOSAGE FORMULATIONS

    DIGITAL CONTENT

    PATENTS & EXCLUSIVITIES

    PharmaCompass
    Xls

    Filters

    clear-filterReset all filters
    2D Structure
    Also known as: Otl-38, Otl 38, Otl 0038, Otl38, Otl0038, Otl-0038
    Molecular Formula
    C61H67N9O17S4
    Molecular Weight
    1326.5  g/mol
    InChI Key
    PDXNSXLPXJFETD-DYVQZXGMSA-N
    Pafolacianine is a fluorescent imaging agent composed of a folate receptor-alpha (FRa)-targeting ligand conjugated to a fluorescent near infrared (NIR) dye, that can be used for imaging of FRa-expressing tumor cells. Upon administration, the FRa-targeting moiety of pafolacianine specifically binds to FRa expressed on tumor cells thus selectively delivering the fluorescent dye to FRa-expressing tumor cells. Upon NIR imaging, tumor cells fluoresce, which allows for the visualization and identification of FRa-overexpressing tumor cells. FRa, a high-affinity folate-binding protein and a member of the folate receptor family, is overexpressed in various cancer cell types.
    1 2D Structure

    2D Structure

    2 Identification
    2.1 Computed Descriptors
    2.1.1 IUPAC Name
    2-[(E)-2-[(3E)-2-[4-[(2S)-2-[[4-[(2-amino-4-oxo-3H-pteridin-6-yl)methylamino]benzoyl]amino]-2-carboxyethyl]phenoxy]-3-[(2E)-2-[3,3-dimethyl-5-sulfo-1-(4-sulfobutyl)indol-2-ylidene]ethylidene]cyclohexen-1-yl]ethenyl]-3,3-dimethyl-1-(4-sulfobutyl)indol-1-ium-5-sulfonate
    2.1.2 InChI
    InChI=1S/C61H67N9O17S4/c1-60(2)46-33-44(90(81,82)83)22-24-49(46)69(28-5-7-30-88(75,76)77)51(60)26-16-38-10-9-11-39(17-27-52-61(3,4)47-34-45(91(84,85)86)23-25-50(47)70(52)29-6-8-31-89(78,79)80)54(38)87-43-20-12-37(13-21-43)32-48(58(73)74)66-56(71)40-14-18-41(19-15-40)63-35-42-36-64-55-53(65-42)57(72)68-59(62)67-55/h12-27,33-34,36,48H,5-11,28-32,35H2,1-4H3,(H9-,62,63,64,66,67,68,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,84,85,86)/t48-/m0/s1
    2.1.3 InChI Key
    PDXNSXLPXJFETD-DYVQZXGMSA-N
    2.1.4 Canonical SMILES
    CC1(C2=C(C=CC(=C2)S(=O)(=O)[O-])[N+](=C1C=CC3=C(C(=CC=C4C(C5=C(N4CCCCS(=O)(=O)O)C=CC(=C5)S(=O)(=O)O)(C)C)CCC3)OC6=CC=C(C=C6)CC(C(=O)O)NC(=O)C7=CC=C(C=C7)NCC8=CN=C9C(=N8)C(=O)NC(=N9)N)CCCCS(=O)(=O)O)C
    2.1.5 Isomeric SMILES
    CC1(C2=C(C=CC(=C2)S(=O)(=O)[O-])[N+](=C1/C=C/C3=C(/C(=C/C=C/4\C(C5=C(N4CCCCS(=O)(=O)O)C=CC(=C5)S(=O)(=O)O)(C)C)/CCC3)OC6=CC=C(C=C6)C[C@@H](C(=O)O)NC(=O)C7=CC=C(C=C7)NCC8=CN=C9C(=N8)C(=O)NC(=N9)N)CCCCS(=O)(=O)O)C
    2.2 Synonyms
    2.2.1 MeSH Synonyms

    1. Cytalux

    2. Otl-0038

    3. Otl-38

    4. Otl0038

    5. Otl38

    2.2.2 Depositor-Supplied Synonyms

    1. Otl-38

    2. Otl 38

    3. Otl 0038

    4. Otl38

    5. Otl0038

    6. Otl-0038

    7. Pafolacianine [usan]

    8. F7bd3z4x8l

    9. 1628423-76-6

    10. Unii-f7bd3z4x8l

    11. Chembl4297412

    12. Who 11569

    13. Db15413

    2.3 Create Date
    2019-01-15
    3 Chemical and Physical Properties
    Molecular Weight 1326.5 g/mol
    Molecular Formula C61H67N9O17S4
    XLogP34
    Hydrogen Bond Donor Count8
    Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count22
    Rotatable Bond Count24
    Exact Mass1325.35377640 g/mol
    Monoisotopic Mass1325.35377640 g/mol
    Topological Polar Surface Area441 Ų
    Heavy Atom Count91
    Formal Charge0
    Complexity3330
    Isotope Atom Count0
    Defined Atom Stereocenter Count1
    Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count0
    Defined Bond Stereocenter Count3
    Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count0
    Covalently Bonded Unit Count1
    4 Drug and Medication Information
    4.1 Drug Indication

    Pafolacianine is an optical imaging agent indicated in adult patients with ovarian cancer as an adjunct for intraoperative identification of malignant lesions.

    5 Pharmacology and Biochemistry
    5.1 Pharmacology

    Tumor to background ratios changed with different mass doses studied. High tumor to background ratio was observed with 0.025 mg/kg dose. Pafolacianine exposure-response relationships and the time course of pharmacodynamic responses are unknown.

    5.2 MeSH Pharmacological Classification

    Molecular Probes

    A group of atoms or molecules attached to other molecules or cellular structures and used in studying the properties of these molecules and structures. Radioactive DNA or RNA sequences are used in MOLECULAR GENETICS to detect the presence of a complementary sequence by NUCLEIC ACID HYBRIDIZATION. (See all compounds classified as Molecular Probes.)

    5.3 Absorption, Distribution and Excretion

    Absorption

    The mean Cmax of pafolacianine was 59.1 5.94 ng/mL and AUCinf was 63.6 12.6 ng x hr/mL.

    Route of Elimination

    Following a single intravenous infusion of radiolabeled pafolacianine sodium, approximately 35% of the dose was recovered in urine (19.1%) and in feces (15.8%) after approximately 3-5 weeks.

    Volume of Distribution

    The mean volume of distribution (Vz) is 17.1 5.99 L, indicating distribution into tissues. During intraoperative molecular imaging for surgically resectable pulmonary adenocarcinoma, pafolacianine accumulated in nearly 70% of squamous cell carcinomas.

    Clearance

    The mean plasma clearance is 28.6 4.97 L/hr.

    5.4 Metabolism/Metabolites

    The metabolism of pafolacianine is unknown; however, pafolacianine is not metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes.

    5.5 Biological Half-Life

    The elimination half-life of pafolacianine is 0.44 0.23 hours.

    5.6 Mechanism of Action

    Pafolacianine is consists of folic acid linked by its -carboxyl and a short spacer to an indocyanine green-related near-infrared dye called SO456. It is used for intraoperative fluorescence for tumour identification and surgical resection. It targets the folate receptor alpha (FR), which is often overexpressed in various cancers including ovarian cancer. Pafolacianine binds to FR-expressing cancer cells with an affinity of ~1 nM and is internalized via receptor-mediated endocytosis to be concentrated in FR-positive cancer tissues. Pafolacianine absorbs light and in the near-infrared (NIR) region within a range of 760 nm to 785 nm with a peak absorption of 776 nm and, upon excitation, emits fluorescence within a range of 790 nm to 815 nm with a peak emission of 796 nm.