1. Phenylacetate
2. Phenylacetic Acid
3. Phenylacetic Acid, Ammonium Salt
4. Phenylacetic Acid, Calcium Salt
5. Phenylacetic Acid, Cesium Salt
6. Phenylacetic Acid, Lithium Salt
7. Phenylacetic Acid, Mercury Salt
8. Phenylacetic Acid, Potassium Salt
9. Phenylacetic Acid, Rubidium Salt
10. Phenylacetic Acid, Sodium Salt
11. Phenylacetic Acid, Sodium Salt , Carboxy-(11)c-labeled Cpd
1. 114-70-5
2. Sodium 2-phenylacetate
3. Phenylacetic Acid Sodium Salt
4. Sodium Benzeneacetate
5. Benzeneacetic Acid, Sodium Salt
6. Sodium Phenylacetate [usan]
7. Sodium Phenylacetic Acid
8. Nsc-3039
9. 48n6u1781g
10. Sodium 2-phenylethanoate
11. Sodium Phenylacetate;sodium 2-phenylacetate
12. Phenylacetate Sodium Salt
13. Hsdb 5581
14. Acetic Acid, Phenyl-, Sodium Salt
15. Nsc 3039
16. Einecs 204-052-7
17. Phenylessigsaure Natrium-salz [german]
18. Phenylessigsaure Natrium-salz
19. Unii-48n6u1781g
20. Sodium,2-phenylacetate
21. Sodium;2-phenylacetate
22. Schembl62440
23. Chembl1200358
24. Dtxsid8059427
25. Sodium Phenylacetate (jan/usan)
26. Hms2089o12
27. Hms2094m19
28. Sodium Phenylacetate [jan]
29. Sodium Phenylacetate [hsdb]
30. Sodium Phenylacetate [vandf]
31. Sodium Phenylacetate [mart.]
32. Sodium Phenylacetate [who-dd]
33. Akos003052998
34. Akos015890373
35. Sodium Phenylacetate [orange Book]
36. Db-041227
37. Ammonul Component Sodium Phenylacetate
38. Ucephan Component Sodium Phenylacetate
39. D05867
40. Sodium Phenylacetate Component Of Ammonul
41. Sodium Phenylacetate Component Of Ucephan
42. A800813
43. A824291
44. Q27259162
| Molecular Weight | 158.13 g/mol |
|---|---|
| Molecular Formula | C8H7NaO2 |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | 0 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | 2 |
| Rotatable Bond Count | 2 |
| Exact Mass | 158.03437374 g/mol |
| Monoisotopic Mass | 158.03437374 g/mol |
| Topological Polar Surface Area | 40.1 Ų |
| Heavy Atom Count | 11 |
| Formal Charge | 0 |
| Complexity | 119 |
| Isotope Atom Count | 0 |
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Defined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Covalently Bonded Unit Count | 2 |
Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic
National Library of Medicine's Medical Subject Headings. Phenylacetic acid. Online file (MeSH, 2017). Available from, as of July 12, 2017: https://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/2017/mesh_browser/MBrowser.html
/CLINICAL TRIALS/ ClinicalTrials.gov is a registry and results database of publicly and privately supported clinical studies of human participants conducted around the world. The Web site is maintained by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) and the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Each ClinicalTrials.gov record presents summary information about a study protocol and includes the following: Disease or condition; Intervention (for example, the medical product, behavior, or procedure being studied); Title, description, and design of the study; Requirements for participation (eligibility criteria); Locations where the study is being conducted; Contact information for the study locations; and Links to relevant information on other health Web sites, such as NLM's MedlinePlus for patient health information and PubMed for citations and abstracts for scholarly articles in the field of medicine. Chloramphenicol is included in the database.
NIH/NLM; ClinicalTrials.Gov. Available from, as of July 12, 2017: https://clinicaltrials.gov/
Sodium phenylacetate and sodium benzoate injection is indicated as adjunctive therapy in pediatric and adult patients for the treatment of acute hyperammonemia and associated encephalopathy in patients with deficiencies in enzymes of the urea cycle. During acute hyperammonemic episodes, arginine supplementation, caloric supplementation, dietary protein restriction, hemodialysis, and other ammonia lowering therapies should be considered.
NIH; DailyMed. Current Medication Information for Sodium phenylacetate and sodium benzoate injection, solution, concentrate (Updated: February 2016). Available from, as of July 12, 2017: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=3529be10-0004-4628-9ca1-67a8acd86b51
/Sodium phenylacetate in combination with sodium benzoate/ is indicated as adjunctive therapy for the treatment of acute hyperammonemia and associated encephalopathy in patients with deficiencies in enzymes of the urea cycle. In acute neonatal hyperammonemic coma, in moderate to severe episodes of hyperammonemic encephalopathy, and in episodes of hyperammonemia which fail to respond to an initial course of /Sodium phenylacetate/sodium benzoate/ therapy, hemodialysis is the most rapid and effective technique for removing ammonia. In such cases, the concomitant administration of /Sodium phenylacetate/sodium benzoate/ can help prevent the re-accumulation of ammonia by increasing waste nitrogen excretion. /Included in US product label/
Drug Facts and Comparisons 2015. Clinical Drug Information, LLC St. Louis, MO 2015, p. 678
For more Therapeutic Uses (Complete) data for Sodium phenylacetate (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
Known hypersensitivity to sodium phenylacetate or sodium benzoate.
American Society of Health-System Pharmacists 2017; Drug Information 2017. Bethesda, MD. 2017
Plasma ammonia concentrations, neurologic status, laboratory tests, and clinical response should be monitored closely during drug treatment. Because urinary loss of potassium is enhanced by excretion of the non-absorbable anions phenylacetylglutamine and hippurate (conjugation products of phenylacetate and benzoate), plasma potassium concentrations should be carefully monitored and replacement therapy provided when necessary. In addition, serum electrolyte concentrations should be monitored and maintained within the normal range.
American Society of Health-System Pharmacists 2017; Drug Information 2017. Bethesda, MD. 2017
The Urea Cycle Disorders Conference Group and some experts recommend monitoring plasma concentrations of ammonia scavenging drugs (e.g., sodium phenylacetate and sodium benzoate) to avoid toxicity. In addition, these experts state that written orders for the drugs should be double-checked to avoid overdosage. In the absence of facilities for drug concentration monitoring, the risk of overdosage should be weighed against potential benefits of repeating a loading dose.
American Society of Health-System Pharmacists 2017; Drug Information 2017. Bethesda, MD. 2017
Each g of sodium phenylacetate provides 6.3 mEq (145 mg) of sodium, and each g of sodium benzoate provides 7 mEq (160 mg of sodium); each mL of injection concentrate labeled as containing 100 mg each of sodium phenylacetate and sodium benzoate provides 1.33 mEq (30.5 mg) of sodium. Sodium phenylacetate and sodium benzoate injection should be used with caution, if at all, in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF), severe renal impairment, or sodium retention with edema. If adverse effects associated with increased sodium concentrations occur, the drug should be discontinued, the patient promptly evaluated, and appropriate measures taken.
American Society of Health-System Pharmacists 2017; Drug Information 2017. Bethesda, MD. 2017
For more Drug Warnings (Complete) data for Sodium phenylacetate (14 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic
Antimetabolites that are useful in cancer chemotherapy. (See all compounds classified as Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic.)
The pharmacokinetics of intravenously administered sodium phenylacetate and sodium benzoate were characterized in healthy adult volunteers. Both benzoate and phenylacetate exhibited nonlinear kinetics. Following 90 minute intravenous infusion mean AUC(last) for benzoate was 20.3, 114.9, 564.6, 562.8, and 1599.1 ug/mL following doses of 1, 2, 3.75, 4, and 5.5 g/sq m, respectively. The total clearance decreased from 5.19 to 3.62 L/h/sq m at the 3.75 and 5.5 g/sq m doses, respectively.
Drug Facts and Comparisons 2015. Clinical Drug Information, LLC St. Louis, MO 2015, p. 678
... Phenylacetate exhibited nonlinear kinetics following the priming dose regimens. AUC(last) was 175.6, 713.8, 2040.6, 2181.6, and 3829.2 ug/hr/mL following doses of 1, 2, 3.75, 4, and 5.5 g/sq m, respectively. The total clearance decreased from 1.82 to 0.89 ug/hr/mL with increasing dose (3.75 and 4 g/sq m, respectively). During the sequence of 90 minute priming infusion followed by a 24 hour maintenance infusion, phenylacetate was detected in the plasma at the end of infusion (Tmax of 2 hr at 3.75 g/sq m) whereas, benzoate concentrations declined rapidly (Tmax of 1.5 hr at 3.75 g/sq m) and were undetectable at 14 and 26 hours following the 3.75 and 4 g/sq m dose, respectively.
Drug Facts and Comparisons 2015. Clinical Drug Information, LLC St. Louis, MO 2015, p. 679
... Phenylacetylglutamine is excreted by the kidneys via glomerular filtration and tubular secretion. ...
Drug Facts and Comparisons 2015. Clinical Drug Information, LLC St. Louis, MO 2015, p. 679
/It is/ not known whether sodium phenylacetate or sodium benzoate or their conjugated metabolites are distributed into milk.
American Society of Health-System Pharmacists 2017; Drug Information 2017. Bethesda, MD. 2017
For more Absorption, Distribution and Excretion (Complete) data for Sodium phenylacetate (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
Phenylacetate conjugates with glutamine in the liver and kidneys to form phenylacetylglutamine, via acetylation. Phenylacetylglutamine is excreted by the kidneys via glomerular filtration and tubular secretion. The nitrogen content of phenylacetylglutamine per mole is identical to that of urea (both contain 2 moles of nitrogen). ...
Drug Facts and Comparisons 2015. Clinical Drug Information, LLC St. Louis, MO 2015, p. 679
A difference in the metabolic rates for phenylacetate and benzoate was noted. The formation of hippurate from benzoate occurred more rapidly than that of phenylacetylglutamine from phenylacetate, and the rate of elimination for hippurate appeared to be more rapid than that for phenylacetylglutamine.
Drug Facts and Comparisons 2015. Clinical Drug Information, LLC St. Louis, MO 2015, p. 679
Sodium phenylacetate and sodium benzoate are metabolized in the liver.
American Society of Health-System Pharmacists 2017; Drug Information 2017. Bethesda, MD. 2017
Sodium phenylacetate and sodium benzoate are metabolized in the kidney and phenylacetylglutamine (metabolite of sodium phenylacetate) and hippuric acid (metabolite of sodium benzoate) are mainly excreted in urine.
American Society of Health-System Pharmacists 2017; Drug Information 2017. Bethesda, MD. 2017
Sodium phenylacetate and sodium benzoate decrease ammonia concentrations by serving as alternatives to urea for the excretion of waste nitrogen. Phenylacetate is conjugated with glutamine in the liver and kidneys to form phenylacetylglutamine, and benzoate is conjugated with glycine to form hippuric acid; phenylacetylglutamine and hippuric acid subsequently are excreted in urine. Conjugation of 1 mole of phenylacetate with glutamine removes 2 moles of nitrogen, while conjugation of 1 mole of benzoate with glycine removes 1 mole of nitrogen. The nitrogen content of phenylacetylglutamine is identical to that of urea (i.e., both contain 2 moles of nitrogen). Glutamine and glycine used in these reactions are replaced by synthesis, thereby reducing the nitrogen pool and attenuating the risk of ammonia- and glutamine-induced neurotoxicity in patients with deficiencies of urea cycle enzymes.
American Society of Health-System Pharmacists 2017; Drug Information 2017. Bethesda, MD. 2017
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