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Chemistry

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Also known as: 56-53-1, Stilbestrol, Stilboestrol, Distilbene, Agostilben, Estrobene
Molecular Formula
C18H20O2
Molecular Weight
268.3  g/mol
InChI Key
RGLYKWWBQGJZGM-ISLYRVAYSA-N
FDA UNII
731DCA35BT

Diethylstilbestrol
A synthetic nonsteroidal estrogen used in the treatment of menopausal and postmenopausal disorders. It was also used formerly as a growth promoter in animals. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), diethylstilbestrol has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck, 11th ed)
1 2D Structure

Diethylstilbestrol

2 Identification
2.1 Computed Descriptors
2.1.1 IUPAC Name
4-[(E)-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)hex-3-en-3-yl]phenol
2.1.2 InChI
InChI=1S/C18H20O2/c1-3-17(13-5-9-15(19)10-6-13)18(4-2)14-7-11-16(20)12-8-14/h5-12,19-20H,3-4H2,1-2H3/b18-17+
2.1.3 InChI Key
RGLYKWWBQGJZGM-ISLYRVAYSA-N
2.1.4 Canonical SMILES
CCC(=C(CC)C1=CC=C(C=C1)O)C2=CC=C(C=C2)O
2.1.5 Isomeric SMILES
CC/C(=C(/CC)\C1=CC=C(C=C1)O)/C2=CC=C(C=C2)O
2.2 Other Identifiers
2.2.1 UNII
731DCA35BT
2.3 Synonyms
2.3.1 MeSH Synonyms

1. Agostilben

2. Apstil

3. Diethylstilbestrol, (z)-isomer

4. Diethylstilbestrol, Disodium Salt

5. Distilbne

6. Estrogen, Stilbene

7. Stilbene Estrogen

8. Stilbestrol

9. Tampovagan

2.3.2 Depositor-Supplied Synonyms

1. 56-53-1

2. Stilbestrol

3. Stilboestrol

4. Distilbene

5. Agostilben

6. Estrobene

7. Estromenin

8. Stilbetin

9. Stilboestroform

10. Antigestil

11. Palestrol

12. Synestrin

13. Vagestrol

14. Fonatol

15. Diethylstilbesterol

16. Menostilbeen

17. Oestrogenine

18. Oestromensyl

19. Oestromienin

20. Stilbestrone

21. Synthoestrin

22. Comestrol

23. Cyren A

24. Domestrol

25. Dyestrol

26. Estrosyn

27. Grafestrol

28. Iscovesco

29. Microest

30. Milestrol

31. Oestromenin

32. Pabestrol

33. Sexocretin

34. Stilboefral

35. Stilbofolin

36. Synthofolin

37. Syntofolin

38. Diastyl

39. Makarol

40. Micrest

41. Serral

42. Stilkap

43. Bufon

44. Cyren

45. Desma

46. Sibol

47. Oekolp

48. Dawe's Destrol

49. Hi-bestrol

50. Di-estryl

51. Dietilestilbestrol

52. Neo-oestranol I

53. Rumestrol 1

54. Rumestrol 2

55. Stil-rol

56. Acnestrol

57. Climaterine

58. Dibestrol

59. Dicorvin

60. Gynopharm

61. Idroestril

62. Oestromensil

63. Oestromon

64. Protectona

65. Sedestran

66. Sintestrol

67. Stibilium

68. Tylosterone

69. Comestrol Estrobene

70. Stilbol

71. Diethylstilboesterol

72. Oestrol Vetag

73. Trans-diethylstilbestrol

74. Dibestrol 2 Premix

75. Bio-des

76. Estilbin Mco

77. (e)-diethylstilbestrol

78. Stil

79. Neo-oestranol 1

80. Tampovagan Stilboestrol

81. Des

82. Dibestrol '2' Premix

83. Trans-diethylstilbesterol

84. Synthestrin

85. (e)-3,4-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-hexene

86. Trans-diethylstilboesterol

87. Des (synthetic Estrogen)

88. Stilbestrol, Diethyl-

89. New-estranol 1

90. Diethylstilbestrolum

91. Percutatrine Oestrogenique Iscovesco

92. (e)-4,4'-(hex-3-ene-3,4-diyl)diphenol

93. 4,4'-dihydroxydiethylstilbene

94. Rcra Waste Number U089

95. 4-[(e)-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)hex-3-en-3-yl]phenol

96. Nsc-3070

97. 6898-97-1

98. Diethylstilbestrol (des)

99. Phenol, 4,4'-[(1e)-1,2-diethyl-1,2-ethenediyl]bis-

100. 4,4'-(3e)-hex-3-ene-3,4-diyldiphenol

101. Stilbestro

102. Cis-des

103. (e)-4,4'-(1,2-diethyl-1,2-ethenediyl)bisphenol

104. Phenol, 4,4'-(1,2-diethyl-1,2-ethenediyl)bis-, (e)-

105. Trans-4,4'-(1,2-diethyl-1,2-ethenediyl)bisphenol

106. 4,4'-dihydroxy-alpha,beta-diethylstilbene

107. Alpha,alpha'-diethyl-(e)-4,4'-stilbenediol

108. Chembl411

109. 4,4'-(hex-3-ene-3,4-diyl)diphenol

110. 731dca35bt

111. Phenol 4,4'-(1,2-diethyl-1,2-ethenediyl)bis-, (e)-

112. Tampovagan

113. Destrol

114. Chebi:41922

115. Estril

116. .alpha.,.alpha.'-diethylstilbenediol

117. Diethyl Stilbestrol

118. E-diethylstilbestrol

119. Strobene

120. Diaethylstilboestrolum

121. Estrogenine

122. Stilbestroform

123. Cis-diethylstilbesterol

124. Diethylstilbestrol, Mixture Of Cis And Trans

125. Dsstox_cid_465

126. 3,4-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-3-hexene

127. Dietilstilbestrolo

128. Dsstox_rid_75608

129. Dsstox_gsid_20465

130. .alpha.,.alpha.'-diethyl-(e)-4,4'-stilbenediol

131. Dietilstilbestrolo [dcit]

132. Dietilestilbestrol [spanish]

133. 4,4'-stilbenediol, .alpha.,.alpha.'-diethyl-, (e)-

134. Phenol, 4,4'-((1e)-1,2-diethyl-1,2-ethenediyl)bis-

135. Alpha,alpha'-diethylstilbenediol

136. Diethylstilbestrolum [inn-latin]

137. Dietilestilbestrol [inn-spanish]

138. Stilbestrol (tn)

139. Mg 137

140. Smr000058263

141. Ccris 240

142. Estilbin ''mco''

143. Hsdb 3060

144. Sr-01000745070

145. Einecs 200-278-5

146. Rcra Waste No. U089

147. Brn 2056095

148. Unii-731dca35bt

149. Bertrol

150. Diethylstilbestrol (usp/inn)

151. Trans-diethystilbesterol

152. Cis-alpha,alpha'-diethyl-4,4'-stilbenediol

153. 4,4'-(3-hexene-3,4-diyl)diphenol

154. 3erd

155. Cas-56-53-1

156. Ncgc00090749-04

157. Diethylstilbestrol [usp:inn:ban]

158. 4,4'-stilbenediol, Alpha,alpha'-diethyl-, (e)-

159. Prestwick_1070

160. (z)-4,4'-(1,2-diethyl-1,2-ethylenediyl)bisphenol

161. Phenol, 4,4'-(1,2-diethyl-1,2-ethylenediyl)bis-, (z)-

162. Trans-diethyl Stilbestrol

163. Diethylstilbestrol [nonsteroidal Oestrogens]

164. Prestwick2_000756

165. Prestwick3_000756

166. Spectrum5_000799

167. 4, 2,2'-diethyl-

168. Schembl9223

169. Bspbio_000772

170. Bspbio_002201

171. 4,4'-stilbenediol, Alpha,alpha'-diethyl-, (z)-

172. Mls000028447

173. Mls002174252

174. Mls002222298

175. Bidd:er0159

176. Spectrum1500244

177. Diethylstilbestrol [mi]

178. 4-[(3e)-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)hex-3-en-3-yl]phenol

179. Bpbio1_000850

180. Gtpl2801

181. Trans-.alpha.,4'-stilbenediol

182. Zinc1290

183. 4, .alpha.,.alpha.-diethyl-

184. Diethylstilbestrol [inn]

185. 4-[(e)-1-ethyl-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)but-1-enyl]phenol

186. Dtxsid3020465

187. Regid_for_cid_448537

188. Bdbm20625

189. Chebi:92795

190. Diethylstilbestrol [hsdb]

191. Diethylstilbestrol [iarc]

192. Hms501j21

193. Rglykwwbqgjzgm-islyrvaysa-

194. 4, .alpha.,.alpha.'-diethyl-

195. Diethylstilbestrol [vandf]

196. Nsc3070

197. Wln: Qr Dy2&uy2&r Dq

198. 3,4'-dihydroxyphenyl)hex-3-ene

199. Diethylstilbestrol [mart.]

200. Hms1570g14

201. Hms1920g08

202. Hms2090c14

203. Hms2091m18

204. Hms2097g14

205. Hms2232n11

206. Hms3650a09

207. Hms3714g14

208. Pharmakon1600-01500244

209. 3-hexene,4-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-

210. Diethylstilbestrol [usp-rs]

211. Diethylstilbestrol [who-dd]

212. Nsc 3070

213. Tox21_202407

214. Tox21_300526

215. Ccg-38961

216. Diethylstilbestrol, >=99% (hplc)

217. Nsc756736

218. S1859

219. Stk366318

220. 3,4-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-hexene

221. Akos005111142

222. Diethylstilbestrol (diethylstilbestr

223. 4,2-diethyl-1,2-ethenediyl)bisphenol

224. Db00255

225. Nsc-756736

226. Diethylstilbestrol [orange Book]

227. Idi1_000519

228. Diethylstilbestrol [ep Monograph]

229. Ncgc00090749-01

230. Ncgc00090749-02

231. Ncgc00090749-03

232. Ncgc00090749-05

233. Ncgc00090749-06

234. Ncgc00090749-07

235. Ncgc00090749-08

236. Ncgc00090749-09

237. Ncgc00090749-15

238. Ncgc00254539-01

239. Ncgc00259956-01

240. 4, .alpha.,.alpha.'-diethyl-, (e)-

241. As-13377

242. Diethylstilbestrol [usp Monograph]

243. Hy-14598

244. Ls-14649

245. Bovine Muscle (diethylstilbestrol Blank)

246. Diethylstilbestrol,mixture Of Cis And Trans

247. Sbi-0051346.p003

248. 3,4-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-3-hexene, Trans

249. Cs-0369240

250. D0526

251. Sw197137-4

252. .alpha.,.alpha.'-diethyl-4,4'-stilbenediol

253. 3,4-(di-4-hydroxyphenyl)hex-3-ene, (e)-

254. 3-hexene,3,4-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-, (e)-

255. 4,4'-dihydroxy-.alpha.,.beta.-diethylstilbene

256. C07620

257. D00577

258. D81873

259. 002d373

260. A831077

261. Diethylstilbestrol, Mixture Of Cis And Trans, 97%

262. Q423989

263. Sr-01000745070-3

264. Sr-01000745070-4

265. Sr-01000745070-5

266. Sr-01000745070-9

267. Trans-.alpha.,.alpha.'-diethyl-4,4'-stilbenediol

268. Trans-.alpha.,.alpha.'-diethyl-4-4'-stilbenediol

269. 4,4'-(1,2-diethyl-1,2-ethenediyl)bisphenol, Trans

270. 4,4'-stilbenediol, .alpha.,.alpha.-diethyl-, (e)-

271. 4,4'[(1e)-1,2-diethyl-1,2-ethenediyl]bis-phenol

272. Brd-k17084514-001-01-7

273. Brd-k45330754-001-09-2

274. Diethylstilbestrol, Vetranal(tm), Analytical Standard

275. Phenol,4'-(1,2-diethyl-1,2-ethenediyl)bis-, (e)-

276. Diethylstilbestrol, European Pharmacopoeia (ep) Reference Standard

277. Diethylstilbestrol, United States Pharmacopeia (usp) Reference Standard

2.4 Create Date
2004-09-16
3 Chemical and Physical Properties
Molecular Weight 268.3 g/mol
Molecular Formula C18H20O2
XLogP35.1
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count2
Rotatable Bond Count4
Exact Mass268.146329876 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass268.146329876 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area40.5 Ų
Heavy Atom Count20
Formal Charge0
Complexity286
Isotope Atom Count0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count1
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count0
Covalently Bonded Unit Count1
4 Drug and Medication Information
4.1 Therapeutic Uses

...DES also have been used in the treatment of prostate cancer to reduce testicular androgen production secondary to inhibition of LH release from the pituitary.

Hardman, J.G., L.E. Limbird, P.B. Molinoff, R.W. Ruddon, A.G. Goodman (eds.). Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 9th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 1996., p. 1421


... Two major uses are as a component of combination oral contraceptives and for hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women. /Estrogens/

Hardman, J.G., L.E. Limbird, P.B. Molinoff, R.W. Ruddon, A.G. Goodman (eds.). Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 9th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 1996., p. 1421


Chemotherapeutic agents useful in neoplastic disease /of the/ breast, prostate /from table/

Hardman, J.G., L.E. Limbird, P.B. Molinoff, R.W. Ruddon, A.G. Goodman (eds.). Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 9th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 1996., p. 1229


Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; Carcinogens; Contraceptives, Postcoital, Synthetic; Estrogens, Non-Steroidal

National Library of Medicine's Medical Subject Headings online file (MeSH, 1999)


For more Therapeutic Uses (Complete) data for DIETHYLSTILBESTROL (14 total), please visit the HSDB record page.


4.2 Drug Warning

Nausea & vomiting are an initial reaction...Fullness & tenderness of the breast & edema...Severe migraine in some...Reactivate or exacerbate endometriosis and its attendant pain. /Estrogens/

Hardman, J.G., L.E. Limbird, P.B. Molinoff, R.W. Ruddon, A.G. Goodman (eds.). Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 9th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 1996., p. 1421


DIETHYLSTILBESTROL TAKEN DURING PREGNANCY HAS BEEN SHOWN TO BE CAUSALLY ASSOC WITH INCR IN VAGINAL AND CERVICAL CLEAR-CELL ADENOCARCINOMA IN DAUGHTERS, PRIMARILY IN THOSE BETWEEN THE AGES OF 10 AND 30 YR. THE RISK APPEARS TO BE IN THE ORDER OF 0.14-1.4/1000 EXPOSED DAUGHTERS UP TO THE AGE OF 24 YR.

IARC. Monographs on the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Humans. Geneva: World Health Organization, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 1972-PRESENT. (Multivolume work). Available at: https://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Classification/index.php, p. V21 209 (1977)


VET: TOXIC EFFECTS INCLUDE THROMBOCYTOPENIA, GYNECOMASTIA, AND FLUID RETENTION.

Booth, N.H., L.E. McDonald (eds.). Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 5th ed. Ames, Iowa: Iowa State University Press, 1982., p. 796


... FIVE PATIENTS HAD SYMPTOMS OF PRESBYOPIA ASSOCIATED WITH USE OF DIETHYLSTILBESTROL & ... THESE SYMPTOMS ABATED ON DISCONTINUANCE OF DRUG.

Grant, W. M. Toxicology of the Eye. 2nd ed. Springfield, Illinois: Charles C. Thomas, 1974., p. 941


For more Drug Warnings (Complete) data for DIETHYLSTILBESTROL (24 total), please visit the HSDB record page.


4.3 Drug Indication

Used in the treatment of prostate cancer. Previously used in the prevention of miscarriage or premature delivery in pregnant women prone to miscarriage or premature delivery.


5 Pharmacology and Biochemistry
5.1 Pharmacology

Diethylstilbestrol is a synthetic estrogen that was developed to supplement a woman's natural estrogen production. In 1971, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a Drug Bulletin advising physicians to stop prescribing DES to pregnant women because it was linked to a rare vaginal cancer in female offspring.


5.2 MeSH Pharmacological Classification

Estrogens, Non-Steroidal

Non-steroidal compounds with estrogenic activity. (See all compounds classified as Estrogens, Non-Steroidal.)


Carcinogens

Substances that increase the risk of NEOPLASMS in humans or animals. Both genotoxic chemicals, which affect DNA directly, and nongenotoxic chemicals, which induce neoplasms by other mechanism, are included. (See all compounds classified as Carcinogens.)


5.3 ATC Code

G - Genito urinary system and sex hormones

G03 - Sex hormones and modulators of the genital system

G03C - Estrogens

G03CB - Synthetic estrogens, plain

G03CB02 - Diethylstilbestrol


G - Genito urinary system and sex hormones

G03 - Sex hormones and modulators of the genital system

G03C - Estrogens

G03CC - Estrogens, combinations with other drugs

G03CC05 - Diethylstilbestrol


L - Antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents

L02 - Endocrine therapy

L02A - Hormones and related agents

L02AA - Estrogens

L02AA01 - Diethylstilbestrol


5.4 Absorption, Distribution and Excretion

ONLY TRACES ... COULD BE FOUND IN TISSUES 24 HR AFTER ADMIN TO SHEEP & GOATS.

Garner's Veterinary Toxicology. 3rd ed., rev. by E.G.C. Clarke and M.L. Clarke. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins, 1967., p. 179


... SMALL AMT EXCRETED UNCHANGED. STILBESTROL LABELLED WITH (14)C IN TWO METHYLENE GROUPS, INJECTED IN SMALL DOSES INTO RATS, IS MOSTLY EXCRETED IN BILE ... ONLY 5% OF DOSE IS EXCRETED IN URINE. NO (14)CO2 IS EXCRETED IN EXPIRED AIR, SO PRESUMABLY MOLECULE IS STABLE.

Parke, D. V. The Biochemistry of Foreign Compounds. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1968., p. 170


DES is readily absorbed from the GI tract following oral administration. The drug is slowly inactivated in the liver and excreted in urine and feces, principally as the glucuronide.

McEvoy, G.K. (ed.). American Hospital Formulary Service - Drug Information 1999. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc. 1999 (Plus Supplements)., p. 2693


5.5 Metabolism/Metabolites

Hepatic.


IN SMALL DOSES, ABOUT 70% IS CONJUGATED WITH GLUCURONIC ACID AT ONE OF TWO HYDROXYL GROUPS, VERY LITTLE SULFATE CONJUGATION OCCURS, & ONLY SMALL AMT ARE EXCRETED UNCHANGED.

Parke, D. V. The Biochemistry of Foreign Compounds. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1968., p. 170


MAJOR METABOLITES OF DES IN SEVERAL SPECIES (RAT, MOUSE, HAMSTER, PRIMATES) ARE DIENOESTROL AND OMEGA-HYDROXYDIENOESTROL ... .

IARC. Monographs on the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Humans. Geneva: World Health Organization, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 1972-PRESENT. (Multivolume work). Available at: https://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Classification/index.php, p. V21 197 (1979)


OXIDATIVE METABOLISM OF DES WAS MEASURED IN MALE & FEMALE GENITAL TRACTS OF FETAL MOUSE IN ORGAN CULTURE. MAJOR OXIDATIVE METABOLITE WAS Z,Z-DIENESTROL, WHOSE FORMATION APPEARED TO BE TIME DEPENDENT IN ISOLATED FETAL GENITAL TRACT OF BOTH SEXES. IN ADDN, FETAL GENITAL TRACTS WERE CAPABLE OF O-METHYLATION OF DES. A NEW METABOLITE, 4'-O-METHYL-DES, WAS FORMED IN FETAL GENITAL TISSUES BUT NOT IN LIVER CULTURES. CONJUGATION OF DES OCCURRED EXTENSIVELY IN FETAL LIVER & PLACENTA BUT NOT IN FETAL GENITAL TISSUES.

PMID:6861692 MAYDL R ET AL; ENDOCRINOLOGY 113 (1): 146 (1983)


Microsomes were prepared from livers of untreated male hamsters (8 wk old) by differential centrifugation. Microsome-mediated reactions were carried out using 10 to 250 uM diethylstilbestrol (DES) with (0.5 to 2.0 mM) cumene hydroperoxide or 100 uM DES with 1 to 5 mM nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. Diethylstilbestrol-4',4''-quinone formation by fetal liver homogenate was carried out by incubating 100 uM DES, 1.5 mM cumene hydroperoxide and fetal homogenate (4 mg/ml protein) for 10 min. In vitro, the time dependent formation of diethylstilbestrol-4',4''-quinone as a function of microsomal protein, cofactor or substrate concn was demonstrated. Quinone formation was time dependent and increased in linear fashion for up to 10 min, then remained at a plateau level when incubation times were further increased. Diethylstilbestrol-4',4''-quinone was also formed by fetal liver homogenate. The microsome mediated oxidation of DES to quinone was inhibited 93% by 500 uM 2(3-t-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole), 96% by 500 uM N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine, 83% by 500 uM n-octylamine, 97% by 500 uM potassium cyanide, and 6% by 1 mM cyclohexene oxide. In microsomal incubations with nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate, quinone formation was below detection limits (< 0.005 nmol/mg protein/min).

PMID:2736717 Roy D, Liehr JG; Carcinogenesis 10 (7): 1241-5 (1989)


For more Metabolism/Metabolites (Complete) data for DIETHYLSTILBESTROL (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.


5.6 Mechanism of Action

Estrogens diffuse into their target cells and interact with a protein receptor, the estrogen receptor. Target cells include the female reproductive tract, the mammary gland, the hypothalamus, and the pituitary. The effect of Estrogen binding their receptors causes downstream increases the hepatic synthesis of sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), thyroid-binding globulin (TBG), and other serum proteins and suppress follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) from the anterior pituitary. The combination of an estrogen with a progestin suppresses the hypothalamic-pituitary system, decreasing the secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH).


The precise mechanism(s) of action of DES as a postcoital contraceptive is not fully understood; however, the drug appears to inhibit nidation (implantation) of the fertilized ovum in the endometrium when administered within 72 hours following coitus. The postcoital contraceptive activity of the drug may involve effects mediated via decreased concentrations of circulating progesterone, effects on tubal motility resulting in accelerated passage of the ovum into the uterus, and inhibition of synthesis of carbonic anhydrase in the endometrium.

McEvoy, G.K. (ed.). American Hospital Formulary Service - Drug Information 1999. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc. 1999 (Plus Supplements)., p. 2693


... DES ... inhibited the postcastration rise in plasma FSH amd LH levels ... . In addition, DES stimulated large increases in prolactin secretion ...

Thomas, J.A., K.S. Korach, J.A. McLachlan. Endocrine Toxicology. New York, NY: Raven Press, Ltd., 1985., p. 372


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