News about Mylan N.V.’s US $ 1.6 billion cash acquisition of Agila Specialties Private Limited, a developer, manufacturer and marketer of high-quality generic injectable products, from India’s Strides Arcolab is giving us a sense of déjà vu. Will this turn out to be a misadventure similar to what Daiichi Sankyo experienced with Ranbaxy? The Ranbaxy sagaJapanese drug maker Daiichi Sankyo says it got “burned” in its June 2008, US $ 4.6 billion acquisition for a controlling stake of India’s largest pharma company at that time, Ranbaxy. An FDA inspection of Ranbaxy’s facility in 2006 uncovered serious data falsification issues that made Ranbaxy eventually plead guilty in 2013 and agree to pay
US $ 500 million to the US government to resolve false claims allegations, current
Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP) violations and making false statements to
the FDA. Finally, Daiichi sold its stake to India’s Sun Pharmaceuticals, hoping
that Sun Pharma will have better luck fixing Ranbaxy. Immediate trouble for
MylanMylan
announced its acquisition
in February 2013 to pick up nine injectable plants which belonged to Agila.
However, troubles started within four months. In June 2013, an FDA inspection found
problems in the manufacturing operations at a plant in Bangalore, and
issued a warning letter. Mylan continued with
their acquisition and the deal closed in December 2013.Since then the problems have only got worse.On August 6, 2015 Mylan received another warning
Letter, which indicates that the problems have now expanded to two other
plants. The Bangalore plant (cited in 2013) was not able to address the
concerns of the FDA inspectors and has also been included in the recent warning
letter. Recurrent violationsConcerns found at Mylan’s operations are not as severe as the blatant data falsification found at Ranbaxy (read: Dirty Medicine by
Katherine Eban for details). However, Mylan failed to address an observation made in 2013, at the Bangalore facility, which required it to “follow appropriate written procedures that are designed to prevent microbiological contamination of drug products purporting to be sterile.”As the manufacturing operations of injectable products requires a high degree of assurance that sterility will be maintained. Mylan’s continued use of “non-integral and non-sterile gloves” in manufacturing was another concern which found mention in both the warning letters.Compliant operations are expected to thoroughly investigate
drug products or components used in their manufacturing, which fail quality
standards. The 2013 warning letter mentioned there was a failure to conduct thorough investigations into “non-integral gloves found” was not only a concern but a “repeat observation from 02/2011”.In the recent warning letter, the failure to conduct
thorough investigations on other issues has been highlighted as well. Mylan failed to investigate the exact cause which made injection solutions change color or cause adverse reactions and hence the FDA concluded that “several violations are recurrent and long-standing”. The impact of the FDA
warningMylan’s press release in response to the FDA warning letter said “this Agency action has no material impact on Mylan's business or its previously announced full year earnings guidance.” However, the FDA warning letter states that in March and April 2015, Mylan “voluntarily recalled seven “for Injection” lots of Gemcitabine
200 mg/vial, Gemcitabine
2g, Gemcitabine
1g, Carboplatin
10 mg/mL, Methotrexate
25 mg/mL, and Cytarabine 20 mg/mL.” “In June, 2015, you expanded your recall to an additional eight lots of Gemcitabine
and Methotrexate. However, other lots released into distribution may have been compromised by this manufacturing issue,” the FDA warning letter added. Fixing injectable
non-compliances is a monumental challengeOf late, turning around compliance problems at injectable
manufacturing operations has been a big challenge for pharmaceutical companies.
Companies like German giant Boehringer
Ingelheim’s continued
struggle with their US-based Ben Venue facility finally ended with them
giving up and selling
the facility to Jordan-based Hikma
Pharmaceuticals. Immediately after Hikma announced the acquisition, their
plans to move part of the production from Ben Venue to their facility in Portugal
suffered a setback as their Portuguese operations received a warning
letter. Hospira, the world’s leading provider of injectable drugs was recently
acquired by Pfizer for US $ 17 billion. Hospira has been struggling to get warning letters lifted which have been issued to their injectable production in Italy, India and Australia. Hospira was able to resolve FDA’s concerns for their Rocky Mountain facility in the United States but it took them “five
years and hundreds of millions of dollars in investments” Our viewThe problems being faced at Mylan are different to those
that Daiichi Sankyo inherited in their Ranbaxy acquisition. However, the turnaround challenge is equally daunting since
getting injectable manufacturing operations to comply with the current
regulatory expectations is becoming increasingly difficult. If Mylan wants to achieve its objective to “create a global injectables leader” – which doubles its injectables production from around 350 million units to around 650 million units by 2016 – there is undoubtedly a lot of hard work that lies ahead for the Dutch (or
are they American?) pharma major.
Impressions: 3992
Unrelated to the inspection of
the USFDA at the Dr. Reddys Srikakulam facility, Dr. Reddys sought permission from the Ministry of Environment,
Forests & Climate Change to expand
their drug and intermediate manufacturing at three locations.
All three chemical technical operation (CTO) units, CTO-I, CTO-II & CTO-III are located in Medak district and the announced planned capacity increases along with the anticipated capital investment were
Existing Capacity
Planned Capacity
Anticipated Investment
CTO I
14.7 TPM
45.5 TPM
Rs 30 crores
CTO II
21.9 TPM
68.9 TPM
Rs 45 crores
CTO - III
4.45 TPM
28.1 TPM
Rs 12 crores
*$1 million is approximately about Rs 6.2
crores & TPM is tons per month
In addition, the declaration given by Dr. Reddys also mentions the various products which will be produced at each facility (table below).
Needless to say, the plans are ambitious however with the growth witnessed by the Indian pharmaceutical industry over the past decade, one can understand Dr. Reddys commitment to investing further in their business.
Table Dr. Reddys production plans at various facilities
Product
Name
Planned
Capacity (TPM)
Facility
Location
Alendronate
Sodium Trihydrate
6.67
CTO
- III
Alfuzosin
2.33
CTO
- I
Altretamine
0.03
CTO
- I
Amlodipine
Besylate
33.33
CTO
- II
Amlodipine
Besylate
133.33
CTO
- III
Amlodipine
Besylate ( Ethyl 4 [2- (pthalamide)ethoxy] aceto acetate (TDM-2)
100
CTO
- II
Amlodipine
Maleate
30
CTO
- III
Amsacrine
0.07
CTO
- I
Anastrazole
0.83
CTO
- II
Aprepitant
3.33
CTO
- III
Aripiprazole
0.33
CTO
- II
Atomoxetine
1.67
CTO
- III
Atorvastatin
375.83
CTO
- II
Azacitidine
0.67
CTO
- I
Bicalutamide
0.03
CTO
- II
Bivalirudin
0.03
CTO
- II
Bivalirudin
Trifluoro Acetate
0.03
CTO
- I
Bortezomib
0.03
CTO
- I
Cabazitaxel
0.02
CTO
- I
Candesartan
cilexetil
6.67
CTO
- II
Cetirizine
Hydrochloride
66.67
CTO
- I
Cetirizine
16.67
CTO
- II
Ciprofloxacin
176.67
CTO
- II
Ciprofloxacin
HCl
533.33
CTO
- II
Ciprofloxacin Lactate
33.33
CTO
- II
Clopidogrel
Bisulfate
500
CTO
- I
Clopidogrel Premix
166.67
CTO
- II
Diluted
Everolimus 5% (Everolimus)
0.33
CTO
- II
Disodium
Pamidronate
0.33
CTO
- III
Docetaxel
1.9
CTO
- I
Dutasteride
3.33
CTO
- II
Esomeprazole
magnesium
66.67
CTO
- III
Ezetimibe
3.33
CTO
- II
Fexofenadine
Hydrochloride
500
CTO
- I
Finasteride
10
CTO
- II
Fluoxetine
110
CTO
- I
Fondaparinux
Sodium
0.33
CTO
- II
Galantamine
0.03
CTO
- II
Gemcitabine
13.33
CTO
- I
Glimepiride
13.33
CTO
- II
Imatinib
0.17
CTO
- I
Irinotecan
0.33
CTO
- I
Ketorolac
66.67
CTO
- II
Lacidipine
5
CTO
- III
Lamotrigine
33.33
CTO
- I
Lansoprozole
8.33
CTO
- III
Letrozole
0.03
CTO
- II
Levocetrizine
Di HCl
10
CTO
- III
Levofloxacin
200
CTO
- II
Lomustine
1.33
CTO
- I
Losartan
Postassium
150
CTO
- I
Meloxicam
0.03
CTO
- I
Memantine
HCl
3.33
CTO
- II
Mesalamine
0.03
CTO
- II
Metoprolol
Succinate
266.67
CTO
- II
Moxifloxacin
116.67
CTO
- II
Norfloxacin
0.03
CTO
- I
Omeprazole
133.33
CTO
- III
Omeprazole
Magnesium
50
CTO
- III
Omeprazole
Sodium
10
CTO
- III
Omerprazole Form B
33.33
CTO
- III
Paclitaxel
0.33
CTO
- I
Pantoprazole
Sodium
100
CTO
- III
paroxetine
HCl
0.03
CTO
- II
Pemetrexed
0.67
CTO
- I
Rabeprazole
Sodium
83.33
CTO
- III
Raloxifene
33.33
CTO
- II
Ramipril
100
CTO
- III
Repaglinide
6.67
CTO
- II
Rivastigmine
6.67
CTO
- II
Risperidone
13.33
CTO
- I
Rivastigmine
6.667
CTO
- I
Rizatriptan
Benzoate
1.33
CTO
- II
Rocuronium
Bromide
0.03
CTO
- II
Ropinrole
HCl
1.83
CTO
- III
Rosiglitazone
3.33
CTO
- II
Sparfloxacin
3.33
CTO
- I
Tacrolimus
5
CTO
- II
Tadalafil
3.33
CTO
- II
Telmisartan
100
CTO
- II
Temozolamide
0.03
CTO
- I
Terbinafine
HCl
133.33
CTO
- III
Tizanidine
HCl
16.67
CTO
- III
Topotecan
0.07
CTO
- I
valganciclovir
0.03
CTO
- I
Vardenafil
3.33
CTO
- II
Voriconazole
8.33
CTO
- III
Ziprasidone
Hydrochloride
100
CTO
- I
Zoledronic
acid
0.33
CTO
- III
Zolmitriptan
0.83
CTO
- I
Zonisamide
0.03
CTO
- II
Impressions: 3164